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CategoriesRock-cut sites
Temples, tombs and churches carved directly from living rock.
🇨🇳 China · Rock-cut
Eastern Han to Tang (200 – 800 CE) · Tocharian Buddhist Kucha with Gandhara influence
Central 30–80 of 339 Kizil caves with 3.2 m diamond-vault Buddha of Tocharian Kucha 3rd–8th c.
🇮🇹 Italy · Rock-cut
Moche (100–800 CE) · Moche
Burgh Rock-Cut Complex in Sicily, Italy is a Moche (100–800 CE) rock_cut attributed to Moche culture.
🇨🇳 China · Rock-cut
Sixteen Kingdoms to Yuan (397 – 1368 CE) · North Asian Buddhist with Tibetan Yugur later
Thousand Buddha northern cliff with 30 caves and horse-hoof imprint 397–1368 CE.
🇫🇷 France · Rock-cut
Classical Antiquity (800 BCE–500 CE) · Bronze Age
Ollantaytambo Fountain Terrace West in Dordogne, France is a Classical Antiquity (800 BCE–500 CE) rock_cut attributed to Bronze Age culture.
🇨🇳 China · Rock-cut
Eastern Wei to Tang (534 – 750 CE) · Buddhist Northern dynasties under Gao Qi and Tang
Cave 8 Manshan Buddha 3.6 m of Northern Qi–Tang on western slope.
🇲🇽 Mexico · Rock-cut
Classical Antiquity (800 BCE–500 CE) · Classical
Kimberley Wandjina Spirit Panel West in Oaxaca, Mexico is a Classical Antiquity (800 BCE–500 CE) rock_cut attributed to Classical culture.
🇿🇦 South Africa · Rock-cut
Late Neolithic (4000–3000 BCE) · Medieval
Anthropomorph Rock Engraving East in Cederberg, South Africa is a Late Neolithic (4000–3000 BCE) rock_cut attributed to Medieval culture.
🇨🇳 China · Rock-cut
Sixteen Kingdoms to Ming ~420–1644 CE · Northwestern Chinese Buddhist (Western Qin to Tibetan)
Yellow River cliff grotto accessible only by boat, bearing China's earliest dated 420 CE inscription.
🇦🇺 Australia · Rock-cut
Early Medieval (500–1000 CE) · Local Neolithic
Pushkarini Tank Steps North in Kimberley, Australia is a Early Medieval (500–1000 CE) rock_cut attributed to Local Neolithic culture.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Rock-cut
Graeco-Roman (300 BCE–300 CE) · Egyptian Greco-Roman (Bahariya mummies)
Bokar Riade? Actually Bir el-Shaghala — Bahariya Greco-Roman Necropolis in Giza Governorate, Egypt is a Graeco-Roman (300 BCE–300 CE) rock_cut attributed to Egyptian Greco-Roman (Bahariya mummies).
🇲🇽 Mexico · Rock-cut
Classical Antiquity (800 BCE–500 CE) · Classical
News Paper Rock Panel East in Oaxaca, Mexico is a Classical Antiquity (800 BCE–500 CE) rock_cut attributed to Classical culture.
🇫🇷 France · Rock-cut
Iron Age (1200 BCE–500 CE) · Bronze Age
Burrup Peninsula Engraving East in Dordogne, France is a Iron Age (1200 BCE–500 CE) rock_cut attributed to Bronze Age culture.
🇺🇸 United States · Rock-cut
Early Medieval (500–1000 CE) · Iron Age
Stepwell Reservoir West in Southwest, United States is a Early Medieval (500–1000 CE) rock_cut attributed to Iron Age culture.
🇮🇹 Italy · Ancient village
Early Bronze Age (2200–1500 BCE) · Castelluccio culture
Castelluccio Di Noto — Bronze Age Site in Sicily, Italy is a Early Bronze Age (2200–1500 BCE) ancient-village attributed to Castelluccio culture.
🇨🇳 China · Rock-cut
Northern Wei to Tang (493 – 750 CE) · Buddhist imperial Luoyang under Empress Dowager Hu
Central Binyang 11 m Buddha of Northern Wei Emperor Xuanwu at Yi Gorge.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Rock-cut
Lycian (5th–4th c. BCE) then Roman · Lycian (Xanthian) Greek
Myra Rock-Tombs Northern Necropolis — Demre Extension in Antalya Province, Turkey is a Lycian (5th–4th c. BCE) then Roman rock_cut attributed to Lycian (Xanthian) Greek.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Rock-cut
Lycian–Roman (500 BCE–200 CE) · Lycian (Tlos was Lycia capital)
Tlos — Rock Tombs Eastern Extension in Muğla Province, Turkey is a Lycian–Roman (500 BCE–200 CE) rock_cut attributed to Lycian (Tlos was Lycia capital).
🇮🇳 India · Rock-cut
Kalachuri (520–550 CE) · Shaivite Hindu
Jogeshwari Caves — Mumbai Cave Temple in Maharashtra, India is a Kalachuri (520–550 CE) rock_cut attributed to Shaivite Hindu.
🇮🇳 India · Rock-cut
Satavahana (100 BCE) · Buddhist Hinayana
Bedse Caves — Maval Hinayana Pair in Maharashtra, India is a Satavahana (100 BCE) rock_cut attributed to Buddhist Hinayana.
🇮🇳 India · Rock-cut
Gupta–Kalachuri (530 CE) · Shaivite Hindu (Brahmanical)
Mandapeshwar Cave — Borivali in Maharashtra, India is a Gupta–Kalachuri (530 CE) rock_cut attributed to Shaivite Hindu (Brahmanical).
🇮🇳 India · Rock-cut
Satavahana (100 BCE) · Buddhist Hinayana
Kondane Caves — Karjat Monastery in Maharashtra, India is a Satavahana (100 BCE) rock_cut attributed to Buddhist Hinayana.
🇮🇳 India · Rock-cut
Early Historic (100 BCE–500 CE) · Buddhist
Ambivali Caves — Kalyan Hinterland in Maharashtra, India is a Early Historic (100 BCE–500 CE) rock_cut attributed to Buddhist. Small Buddhist cave cluster near Ulhas river with 2 viharas and chaitya.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Rock-cut
Lycian (500 BCE–200 CE) · Lycian
Kyaneai — Theatre Hill Outer Necropolis in Antalya Province, Turkey is a Lycian (500 BCE–200 CE) rock_cut attributed to Lycian. Outer sarcophagi field beyond theatre of Kyaneai with 100+ sarcophagi.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Rock-cut
Late Period to Roman (600 BCE–300 CE) · Egyptian / Greco-Roman
Hermopolis necropolis with 1-million ibis catacombs and Petosiris fusion tomb.
