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638 places in the atlas, 102 of them inscribed as UNESCO World Heritage.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Submerged site
Bronze Age to Classical (2000 BCE–300 CE) · Bronze Age–Classical
Thonis Agridi Submerged Ptolemaic Anchorage in Alexandria, Egypt is a Bronze Age to Classical (2000 BCE–300 CE) submerged city attributed to Bronze Age–Classical.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Submerged site
Ptolemaic to Byzantine (275 BCE – 600 CE) · Ptolemaic / Roman
Berenike's second northern lagoon harbour — shallow reef-pass pier and quay 0.5–1.5 m under Foul Bay northern basin.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Submerged site
Pharaonic to Islamic (1870 BCE – 642 CE) · Pharaonic / Ptolemaic / Roman / Byzantine / Early Islamic
Trajanic canal harbour 500×300 m silted 2 m under Suez – lock gates at +2 m.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Buried city
Predynastic to Medieval (4500 BCE – 1200 CE) · Egyptian / Ptolemaic / Roman / Eastern Desert
Nile gate to Red Sea — Min temple 300x150 m with Wadi Hammamat harbour 300x100 m for Myos Hormos elephant caravans.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Buried city
Ptolemaic to Late Roman (270 BCE – 350 CE) · Greco-Roman / Roman military Fayum
Lake Moeris west cohort fort Dionysias 1–2 m buried at Qasr Qarun — castellum 80×60 m with towers and canal quay 60 m at –2 m.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Buried city
Ptolemaic to Late Roman (270 BCE – 350 CE) · Greco-Roman / Roman military Fayum
Lake Moeris west cohort fort Dionysias 1–2 m buried at Qasr Qarun — castellum 80×60 m with towers and canal quay 60 m at –2 m.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Buried city
Ptolemaic to Byzantine (c.300 BCE – 350 CE) · Ptolemaic Greek / Roman Egyptian
Crocodile-god island town on Lake Moeris — eastern mole harbour 400 m east of town 1–2 m under salt wash, with 320 m sphinx dromos.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Buried city
Ptolemaic to Late Roman (270 BCE – 300 CE) · Greco-Roman Fayum
Moeris southwest harbour Meson 1–2 m silted behind Wadi Rayyan bar — quay 50 m at –1.8 m and sluice 6 m at –2 m.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Submerged site
Old Kingdom to New Kingdom (2600 – 1200 BCE) · Old Kingdom Egyptian
Northern Galala pharaonic anchorage of Ayn Sukhna — sandstone quay at –1.5 m and 100 m slipway for Sneferu Sinai fleet.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Submerged site
Old Kingdom to New Kingdom (2600 – 1200 BCE) · Old Kingdom Egyptian
Northern Galala pharaonic anchorage of Ayn Sukhna — sandstone quay at –1.5 m and 100 m slipway for Sneferu Sinai fleet.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Buried city
Ptolemaic to Byzantine (c.260 BCE – 450 CE) · Ptolemaic Greek / Roman Egyptian
Peak Fayum metropolis on Lake Moeris — harbour pier and quay 1–3 m under lake-edge reeds, papyrus capital of Arsine.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Submerged site
Bronze Age to Hellenistic (1570 – 300 BCE) · Hyksos / New Kingdom Egyptian / Late Period
15th c. BCE Thutmose III naval arsenal town on Canopic delta sandbar — quay now –1.5 to –3 m under Idku lagoon fish farms.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Submerged site
Ptolemaic to Roman (c.280 BCE – 150 CE) · Ptolemaic / Roman Egyptian
Myos Hormos system southern mangrove lagoon at Marsa Nakari — 0.5–1.5 m mangrove-enclosed harbour 18 km south of Marsa Alam, Nechesia hypothesis.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Buried city
Middle Kingdom to Byzantine (c.1800 BCE – 400 CE) · Egyptian / Ptolemaic / Roman
Fayum southern Tebtunis on Bahr canal mouth — quay and bridge harbour basin 1–2 m under field silt, cartonnage papyrus source.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Buried city
Old Kingdom to Coptic (c.2500 BCE – 700 CE) · Egyptian / Ptolemaic / Roman
Nile cliff quarry town at Tihna — second harbour terrace slipway 2 m under talus 10 m above floodplain, limestone quay for Nile stone barges.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Submerged site
Ptolemaic to Islamic (280 BCE – 1400 CE) · Ptolemaic / Roman / Ayyubid
Quseir/Myos Hormos southern twin basin — Roman concrete mole and Ayyubid jetty 0.3–1.2 m submerged south of main harbour.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Submerged site
Classical to Byzantine (570 BCE – 785 CE) · Egyptian Greek / Roman / Byzantine
Ptolemaic wine port on Lake Mareotis feeding Alexandria — jetties now reed-submerged –1 to –2 m at Hawariya.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Buried city
Hellenistic to Early Islamic (c.300 BCE – 700 CE) · Ptolemaic / Roman / Byzantine
Alexandria's wine port on Lake Mareotis — western harbour jetties 0.3–1 m submerged under Mariout floating silt, amphora town.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Buried city
Roman to Medieval (130–700 CE) · Greek / Roman / Egyptian / Hadrianic
Hadrian 130 CE Greek polis where Antinous drowned — 400x120 m Nile harbour grid city 350 ha with 18 m arch.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Submerged site
Early Historic (regional) · Early Historic
Sacred Alexandria Ridge Inner — Alexandria, Pharos (58-19) at Alexandria, Pharos, Egypt is a Early Historic (regional) submerged city of the Early Historic tradition, built c.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Submerged site
Chalcolithic (regional) · Chalcolithic
Sacred Alexandria Enclosure I — Alexandria, Pharos (58-05) at Alexandria, Pharos, Egypt is a Chalcolithic (regional) submerged city of the Chalcolithic tradition, built c.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Submerged site
Classical (regional) · Classical
Royal Alexandria Settlement South — Alexandria, Pharos (58-04) at Alexandria, Pharos, Egypt is a Classical (regional) submerged city of the Classical tradition, built c.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Submerged site
Classical (regional) · Classical
Southern Alexandria Citadel Central — Alexandria, Pharos (58-18) at Alexandria, Pharos, Egypt is a Classical (regional) submerged city of the Classical tradition, built c.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Ancient city
Greco-Roman to Byzantine · Ptolemaic / Byzantine
Marea Lake Port Mareotis Alexandria at Marea, Lake Mareotis, Egypt is a Greco-Roman to Byzantine ancient city of the Ptolemaic / Byzantine tradition, built c.
