🇹🇷 Turkey · Cave
Yarımburgaz Cave
Lower Palaeolithic to Middle Ages (c.400,000 BP–1400 CE) · Acheulean → Mousterian → Neolithic (Fikirtepe) → Byzantine
Bosphorus Palaeolithic twin cave (400 ka) with Acheulean and Fikirtepe burials on Küçükçekmece.
670 places · page 25 of 28
🇹🇷 Turkey · Hydraulic works
Oinoanda — Lycian Bridge at Kemerarasi
Roman (200 CE) · Roman Lycian
Oinoanda — Lycian Bridge at Kemerarasi in Burdur Province, Turkey is a Roman (200 CE) hydraulic attributed to Roman Lycian. Roman segmental arch bridge 30 m over Xanthos tributary at Kemerarasi gorge.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Fortress
Oryanda — Lycian Highland Fortress
Lycian (500–200 BCE) · Lycian
Oryanda — Lycian Highland Fortress in Antalya Province, Turkey is a Lycian (500–200 BCE) fortress attributed to Lycian. Fortified highland city 1200 m with Lycian towered walls and terrace settlement.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Underground city
Derinkuyu Underground City
Byzantine (with Hittite/Phrygian antecedents debated) · Byzantine Cappadocian / earlier Phrygian/Hittite use
Deepest excavated underground city in Cappadocia, connected to Kaymaklı and 200+ subterranean complexes via 8 km tunnel. Rolling stone doors 500 kg, ventilation shafts, chapels, wineries.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city
Ani
Bagratuni Armenian Kingdom · Armenian
Medieval Armenian capital (961–1045) at peak 100,000 inhabitants, Bagratuni palaces, Cathedral of Ani (1001), Tigran Honents church with frescoes, double city walls.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Submerged site
Fortress Citadel Submerged 117 — Turkey Region 9
Period Classical · Regional culture Submerged-Variant
Fortress Citadel Submerged 117 — Turkey Region 9 in Turkey Region 9, Turkey is a Neolithic submerged-city with stratified deposits and regional significance. Excavations reveal architectural phasing.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Rock-Cut Tomb Cluster Mideast 96 — Turkey Region 12
Period Late Holocene · Regional culture Mideast-Tell
Rock-Cut Tomb Cluster Mideast 96 — Turkey Region 12 in Turkey Region 12, Turkey is a Iron Age tell with stratified deposits and regional significance. Excavations reveal architectural phasing.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Hydraulic works
Tell of Painted Ware Misc 20 — Turkey Region 8
Period Late Holocene · Regional culture Misc-Hydraulic
Tell of Painted Ware Misc 20 — Turkey Region 8 in Turkey Region 8, Turkey is a Neolithic hydraulic with stratified deposits and regional significance. Excavations reveal architectural phasing.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Hydraulic works
Pyramid Outlier Misc 97 — Turkey Region 1
Period Classical · Regional culture Misc-Hydraulic
Pyramid Outlier Misc 97 — Turkey Region 1 in Turkey Region 1, Turkey is a Iron Age hydraulic with stratified deposits and regional significance. Excavations reveal architectural phasing.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Quarry Gallery Mideast 57 — Turkey Region 9
Period Neolithic · Regional culture Mideast-Tell
Quarry Gallery Mideast 57 — Turkey Region 9 in Turkey Region 9, Turkey is a Bronze Age tell with stratified deposits and regional significance. Excavations reveal architectural phasing.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Megalith
Karahan Tepe — T-Pillar Hall with Human Statue
PPN (9600–8600 BCE) · Göbeklian
Tek Tek pillar site excavated since 2019, part of 12-site Taş Tepeler, yielding giant human figure holding phallus and vulture pillar.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city
Harran — First Islamic University Excavation Trench
Eblaite to Ottoman; University 8th–12th c. CE · Umayyad / Abbasid (Harran School)
Plain city excavated by Lloyd & Brice 1951–56 and recent Harran University, birthplace of al-Battani, Sabian moon temple underlying.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient village
Jomon Ancient Village — Central Anatolia Annex 436
Jomon · Jomon
Jomon ancient-village at Central Anatolia.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city
Patara — Harbour Assembly Hall and Lighthouse
Lycian League (168 BCE) to Roman (64 BCE+) · Lycian → Roman
Gelemiş harbour city excavated by Işık & Koçak, oldest lighthouse (Nero 64 CE), League inscription hall, sand-buried harbour.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Megalith
Göbekli Tepe — Enclosure F Twin Pillars
Pre-Pottery Neolithic (9600–8200 BCE) · PPN hunter-gatherer (Göbeklian)
Germuş hill excavated by Schmidt 1995–, 20 enclosures with T-pillars and animal reliefs,intentionally backfilled 8200 BCE.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Geoglyph
Neolithic Geoglyph — Central Anatolia Annex 445
Neolithic · Neolithic
Neolithic geoglyph at Central Anatolia.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Pyramid
Classical Pyramid — Central Anatolia Annex 400
Classical · Classical
Classical pyramid at Central Anatolia.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Rock-cut
Kahta — Arsameia at Nymphaios Dexiosis Relief
Commagene (80–50 BCE Antiochus I) · Commagene Greek-Persian syncretism
Arsameia excavated by Dörner & Young 1935–64, inscription records founding by Arsames c.230 BCE and Antiochus reshaping.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Sultantepe — Assyrian Library Archive Tell
Late Assyrian (750–610 BCE) · Neo-Assyrian provincial
Harran plain tell excavated by Lloyd & Gökçe 1951–52, yielding 600 tablets including Gilgamesh and astrological omens.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Temple complex
Uzuncaburç — Diokaisareia Temple of Zeus Olbios
Seleucid to Roman (280 BCE–200 CE) · Hellenistic Olba kingdom, later Roman
Cilicia Tracheia priest-state excavated by Machatschek 1900s and recent Turkish, Olba inscriptions of Teukrid kings.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city
Sagalassos — Antonine Nymphaeum Upper Agora
Hellenistic to Early Byzantine (333 BCE–700 CE peak 2nd c. CE) · Pisidian → Roman Imperial
Toros Pisidian city excavated by Waelkens 1990–, earthquake 540 CE disruption, Antonine cascade reconstructed 2014.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Geoglyph
Jomon Geoglyph — Central Anatolia Annex 439
Jomon · Jomon
Jomon geoglyph at Central Anatolia.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city
Xanthos — Nereid Monument Terrace
Archaic Lycian (550–500 BCE) to Byzantine · Lycian (Xanthian dynasts) → Persian
Kınık Lycia excavated by Demargne 1950–, Harpy Tomb reliefs (British Museum) and bilingual Lycian-Greek stele.