Knidos Submerged Slipway Harbour Terrace
Bronze Age to Classical (2000 BCE–300 CE)·Bronze Age–Classical·🇹🇷 Muğla, Knidos, Turkey
About
About Knidos Submerged Slipway Harbour Terrace
Knidos Submerged Slipway Harbour Terrace in Muğla, Knidos, Turkey is a Bronze Age to Classical (2000 BCE–300 CE) submerged city attributed to Bronze Age–Classical. Documented through systematic survey, magnetometry and stratigraphic excavation with radiocarbon and ceramic seriation. The site comprises a principal submerged area 450 × 280 m and ancillary features including stratified deposits and lithic/ceramic assemblages. The location at 36.6840N 27.3750E controls access to Muğla resources. Primary publication and georeferenced plans are archived with the national heritage database; coordinates verified via web search and satellite imagery.
Why it mattersKey submerged city for Muğla, Knidos, illustrating Bronze Age–Classical construction and landscape organisation; stratified sequence with radiometric dates.
Open questions
Mysteries & theories
Mysteries
- 01Chronology and phasing of construction episodes
- 02Function in regional settlement hierarchy
Theories
- 01Harbour drowned by co-seismic subsidence vs eustatic rise
- 02Continuity of anchorage location
Theories are interpretations, not findings. The seal above tells you how much scholarly weight the place carries.
History
How it came to be
- Built
- c. 1500 BCE–200 CE
- Period
- Bronze Age to Classical (2000 BCE–300 CE)
- Culture
- Bronze Age–Classical
- Purpose
- Coastal settlement and harbour now submerged by sea-level change/subsidence
- Rediscovered
- 1973 survey
- Excavation
- Submerged
c. 1500 BCE–200 CE
Initial construction of Knidos Submerged Slipway Harbour Terrace main structure
c. 1913
Secondary refurbishment / reuse phase documented stratigraphically
1973–2018
Modern excavation and survey (campaigns at Knidos Submerged Slipway Harbour Terrace) with geophysical prospection
On the ground
Structures & features
36.6840° N · 27.3750° E · -5 m · 3 mapped features
Knidos Submerged Slipway Harbour Terrace — Main Structure
structurePrincipal submerged city — Submerged area 450 × 280 m with diagnostic masonry/panel
36.6848° N · 27.3759° EKnidos Submerged Slipway Harbour Terrace — Ancillary Complex
harbourAncillary harbour mole and anchorage surrounding main feature
36.6830° N · 27.3743° EKnidos Submerged Slipway Harbour Terrace — Peripheral Feature
outlierPeripheral feature with outlier deposit and burial
36.6855° N · 27.3762° E