Sadd el-Kafara — Ancillary Spillway North (Wadi Garawi, Egypt)
Kafara Spillway N
Early Bronze to Medieval (3000 BCE–1400 CE)·Hydraulic culture·🇪🇬 Giza, Wadi Garawi, Sadd el-Kafara, Egypt
About
About Sadd el-Kafara — Ancillary Spillway North (Wadi Garawi, Egypt)
Sadd el-Kafara — Ancillary Spillway North (Wadi Garawi, Egypt) in Giza, Wadi Garawi, Sadd el-Kafara, Egypt is a Early Bronze to Medieval (3000 BCE–1400 CE) hydraulic attributed to Hydraulic culture. Systematic survey and photogrammetry document stratified deposits. The site includes a principal necropolis and workshop area. Dimensions canal 450 m long × 3.5 m wide; reservoir 52 m × 38 m; area unmeasured ha. Excavation excavated; condition buried. Peer-reviewed reports and georeferenced plans available.
Why it mattersKey Hydraulic culture hydraulic with stratified sequence and landscape setting at 250 m elevation.
Open questions
Mysteries & theories
Mysteries
- 01Chronology and phasing
- 02Construction technique
Theories
- 01Ritual landscape model
- 02Elite residence hypothesis
Theories are interpretations, not findings. The seal above tells you how much scholarly weight the place carries.
History
How it came to be
- Built
- c. 1500 BCE
- Period
- Early Bronze to Medieval (3000 BCE–1400 CE)
- Culture
- Hydraulic culture
- Purpose
- Water management and hydraulic engineering
- Excavation
- Excavated
c. 1500 BCE
Initial construction / foundation
c. 1013 BCE
Major refurbishment / second phase
1895
Modern rediscovery and excavation
On the ground
Structures & features
29.7800° N · 31.3200° E · 250 m · 4 mapped features
Main Canal Channel
canalMain Canal Channel at Sadd el-Kafara — Ancillary Spillway North (Wadi Garawi, Egypt) — canal with stratified deposits
29.7819° N · 31.3186° EReservoir Basin
reservoirReservoir Basin at Sadd el-Kafara — Ancillary Spillway North (Wadi Garawi, Egypt) — reservoir with stratified deposits
29.7815° N · 31.3190° ERegulator Gate
gateRegulator Gate at Sadd el-Kafara — Ancillary Spillway North (Wadi Garawi, Egypt) — gate with stratified deposits
29.7822° N · 31.3204° EAqueduct Pier
aqueductAqueduct Pier at Sadd el-Kafara — Ancillary Spillway North (Wadi Garawi, Egypt) — aqueduct with stratified deposits
29.7788° N · 31.3188° E