🇯🇴 Jordan · Tell
Hesban (Tell Hesban / Esbus)
Iron Age – Byzantine (1200 BCE–600 CE) · Moabite–Ammonite–Roman
Iron Age – Byzantine (1200 BCE–600 CE) tell of Moabite–Ammonite–Roman in Balqa Governorate, Madaba Plains (c.1200 BCE).
🇯🇴 Jordan · Fortified city
Khirbet al-Mudayna ath-Thawr
Iron Age II (1000–600 BCE) · Moabite Iron Age
Iron Age II (1000–600 BCE) fortified-city of Moabite Iron Age in Karak Governorate, Mujib–Karak Plateau (c.1000 BCE).
🇯🇴 Jordan · Tell
Dhiban (Dibon, Tell Dhiban)
Bronze Age – Islamic (3000 BCE–1400 CE) · Moabite
Bronze Age – Islamic (3000 BCE–1400 CE) tell of Moabite in Madaba Governorate, Mujib Plateau (c.3000 BCE).
🇯🇴 Jordan · Hydraulic works
Jawa Dam – World's Oldest Known Dam Network (3000 BCE)
Chalcolithic to Early Bronze IA (Levantine proto-urban) · Levantine Early Bronze proto-urban pastoralists
3000 BCE basalt proto-city with 5 dams and canals—the second-oldest hydraulic network.
🇯🇴 Jordan · Ancient city
Pella (Tabaqat Fahl) – Decapolis Port on Jordan Valley Escarpment
Natufian to Byzantine (c. 10000 BCE – 749 CE) · Natufian / Chalcolithic / Canaanite / Hellenistic Decapolis / Roman / Byzantine
Decapolis wadi harbour city – revetment 30 m at –1 m in Wadi Jirm below escarpment terraces.
🇯🇴 Jordan · Ancient city
Khirbat Hamra Ifdan (KHI) – Faynan Copper Workshop
Chalcolithic to Early Bronze III (3600–2000 BCE; peak EB II–III 3100–2500 BCE) · Faynan Early Bronze (Levantine copper culture) → EB III urban
Wadi Faynan Early Bronze copper factory — 12 ha with furnace strata and 10 t slag mounds.
🇯🇴 Jordan · Archaeological wonder
Wadi Faynan (Feynan)
Chalcolithic – Roman (peaks: Chalcolithic, Iron Age–Roman Edom/Phaino) · Chalcolithic miners to Edomite–Nabataean–Roman (Phaino)
30-km copper valley (4500 BCE–400 CE) — mines, slag heaps and Roman Phaino mining town.
🇯🇴 Jordan · Archaeological wonder
Wadi Feynan and Wadi Arabah Copper Belt
Chalcolithic to Byzantine (c.4100 BCE–600 CE; peak Iron Age II) · Egyptian New Kingdom (eastern Timna sphere) → Edomite/Neo-Assyrian desert polity → Nabataean → Roman chrome convict mines
Jordanian Arabah slag-mountain copper belt — Iron Age Edomite desert industry outweighing Timna.
🇯🇴 Jordan · Ancient city
Umm ar-Rasas (Kastron Mefaa)
Roman to Umayyad (3rd–8th c CE; Byzantine peak 5th–8th c) · Roman / Byzantine / Ghassanid / Umayyad
Desert frontier city on Via Nova Traiana, Umm ar-Rasas contains Roman castrum, five Byzantine churches with superb mosaic floors, and the intact 14×6 m mosaic map in St Stephen's Church (718 CE) –…
🇯🇴 Jordan · Ancient city
Jerash (Gerasa)
Hellenistic to Early Islamic (c.332 BCE–749 CE, peak 1st–3rd c CE) · Graeco-Roman / Nabataean / Byzantine / Umayyad
One of the best-preserved Greco-Roman cities in the Near East, Gerasa was a Decapolis city with colonnaded cardo, two tetrapylons, Hadrian's Arch (129 CE), Oval Plaza, Temple of Artemis and Temple of…
🇯🇴 Jordan · Hydraulic works
Jawa West Reservoir — Wadi Rajil Basalt Dam System West Pool
Late Chalcolithic to Early Bronze I (3500 – 3000 BCE) · Proto-urban pastoralist Jawa (Jordanian black desert)
West pool of world's earliest 3500 BCE basalt dam network 80 m serving 3,000 desert inhabitants.
🇯🇴 Jordan · Ancient city
Qasr Burquʿ
Late Roman/Byzantine to Umayyad · Roman/Byzantine → Umayyad Arab
Black basalt desert castle (qasr) on the shores of seasonal Burqu Lake and Roman strata — possibly Byzantine Valentinian outpost incorporated into Umayyad qusur (~700 CE) — isolated in Harra basalt…
🇯🇴 Jordan · Hydraulic works
Ceys Channel — Jerash (Gerasa) Hadrianic Water Conduit
Roman Hadrianic (129 – 130 CE) with Byzantine reuse · Roman Gerasene Gerasa Decapolis under Hadrian
9 km Hadrianic Ceys Channel 130 CE to Gerasa reservoir above Cardo at 610 m.
🇯🇴 Jordan · Ancient city
Dhra‘ (Wadi Dhra‘)
PPNA (c.9300–8600 BCE) · Sultaniyean PPNA
PPNA village (c.9300–8600 BCE) on the Lisan Peninsula at -200 m beside the Dead Sea, excavated by Bill Finlayson. Rectan...
🇯🇴 Jordan · Ancient city
Petra
Nabataean to Roman (312 BCE–363 CE earthquake) · Nabataean / Arab
Nabataean caravan city (312 BCE–106 CE) carved into sandstone cliffs: Al-Khazneh Treasury, Theatre, Monastery Ad-Deir, Royal Tombs, and hydraulic system capturing desert flash floods.