🇱🇾 Libya · Ancient city
Cyrene
Archaic Greek to Byzantine (631 BCE–643 CE) · Greek / Hellenistic / Roman / Byzantine
100-ha Theran Greek metropolis with Apollo and Zeus sanctuaries, agora and 1000+ sarcophagus tombs.
🇱🇾 Libya · Ancient city
Leptis Magna — Severan Basilica North Apse
Bronze Age to Classical (3000 BCE–500 CE) · Bronze Age urban
Leptis Magna — Severan Basilica North Apse in Al-Murgub, Leptis Magna, Libya is a Bronze Age to Classical (3000 BCE–500 CE) ancient city attributed to Bron…
🇱🇾 Libya · Ancient city
Artamis
Garamantian-Roman (1st c. BCE–5th c. CE) · Garamantian / Roman
Syrtis caravan bir station with Garamantian qanat interface.
🇱🇾 Libya · Ancient city
Germa (Garama) - Garamantian Capital
Iron Age Saharan to Islamic (900 BCE–600 CE) · Garamantian (Saharan Berber)
6-ha foggara-irrigated Garamantian capital with 500 qanat and 250 tombs in Fezzan heartland.
🇱🇾 Libya · Ancient city
Ghirza Romano-Libyan Tomb South A
Bronze Age (3000–1200 BCE) · Bronze Age
Ghirza Romano-Libyan Tomb South A in Misrata, Ghirza, Libya is a Bronze Age (3000–1200 BCE) ancient city attributed to Bronze Age.
🇱🇾 Libya · Ancient city
Apollonia of Cyrenaica
Archaic Greek to Byzantine (630 BCE–7th c CE) · Greek / Hellenistic / Roman / Byzantine
Cyrene's port with double submerged harbour at -2.5 m, theatre and Governor's mosaics.
🇱🇾 Libya · Ancient city
Antipyrgos (Tobruk / Tubruq)
Greek / Roman / Byzantine · Greek / Roman
Natural rock-harbour of Marmarica, fortress-emporion of Cyrene facing Egypt, later Justinianic fort guarding Via Maris. Classical mole at -1.5 m visible snorkelling; WWII overlays.
🇱🇾 Libya · Ancient city
Boreum (Buerat / Bū Grādah) – Syrtic Frontier
Roman / Byzantine · Roman
Customs fort marking Tripolitania–Cyrenaica boundary at Syrtis Major where road hugged sea past Arae Philaenorum. Fortlet with bath and cisterns praised by Sallust.
🇱🇾 Libya · Ancient city
Boreum
Roman (Augustan–7th c. CE) · Roman (Tripolitania)
Syrtic frontier fort at Bu Grada lagoon terminus of limes road.
🇱🇾 Libya · Submerged site
Bernice – Berenice / Euesperides Harbour of Benghazi
Archaic Greek to Early Islamic (560 BCE – 643 CE) · Greek Cyrenean / Ptolemaic / Roman
Overlapping Greek harbours of Euesperides (560 BCE) and Berenice (247 BCE) preserved as lagoon moles and fish-tanks under Benghazi lagoon.
🇱🇾 Libya · Submerged site
Ptolemais – Sunken Harbour of the Cyrenaican Pentapolis, Tolmeita
Hellenistic to Early Islamic (247 BCE – 642 CE) · Greek Ptolemaic / Roman / Byzantine
Ptolemy III foundation 247 BCE — Pentapolis harbour drowned 2 m off Tolmeita with 100 m breakwater and 6,000 m³ cisterns.
🇱🇾 Libya · Ancient city
Ptolemais of Cyrenaica (Tolmeita)
Archaic Greek to Early Islamic (7th c BCE–7th c CE; Hellenistic–Roman peak) · Greek / Ptolemaic / Roman / Byzantine
Hellenistic Pentapolis capital with 45×38 m grid, Villa of Columns 55 m peristyle and Diocletian circuit wall.
🇱🇾 Libya · Ancient city
Garama Central Garamantian Qasr 1
Bronze Age (3000–1200 BCE) · Bronze Age
Garama Central Garamantian Qasr 1 in Fezzan, Garama, Libya is a Bronze Age (3000–1200 BCE) ancient city attributed to Bronze Age.
🇱🇾 Libya · Submerged site
Apollonia of Cyrenaica – Submerged Harbour at Marsa Susa
Archaic to Byzantine (631 BCE inland Cyrene; port 6th c. BCE – 7th c. CE Arab) · Dor Greek / Hellenistic / Roman / Byzantine
Cyrene port on the Libyan limestone coast — moles and shipsheds now 2–4 m under crystal water at Marsa Susa after AD 365 quake.
🇱🇾 Libya · Rock art
Lamluda
Libyan to Roman (500 BCE–300 CE) · Libyan / Greek / Hellenistic
Libyan shaft necropolis with betyl horseman stela and Hooded-figure Karst chambers 500 BCE–300 CE.
🇱🇾 Libya · Submerged site
Phycus (Naustathmos) – Storm Refuge Harbour on Cyrenaica Tip
Archaic to Late Roman (6th c. BCE – 5th c. CE naustathmos) · Greek Cyrenean / Roman
Cyrenaica northern tip storm harbour — twin 120 m moles at 2 m depth on Ras al-Hamama cape refuge.
🇱🇾 Libya · Ancient city
Sabratha
Phoenician to Byzantine (c.500 BCE–643 CE; monumental Roman 1st–3rd c CE) · Phoenician / Punic / Hellenistic / Roman / Byzantine
Tripolitanian Phoenician port (5th c BCE) with Hellenistic and then Roman city: Theatre of Sabratha – most complete Roman theatre in Africa (Marcus Aurelius era 175–200 CE, cavea 92.6 m, three-storey…
🇱🇾 Libya · Ancient port
Sabratha — Roman Harbour Peristyle Seafront Triple-Temple drowned forum
Phoenician (500 BCE) → Punic → Roman Septimian basilica 2nd c. CE urban expansion Severus, 365 Crete quake partially submerged 1 m · Punic → Roman Antonine Severan harbour theatre 108 m diameter with 3-storey scaenae
Sabratha Guidi 1923 Severan theatre of Severus 150.
🇱🇾 Libya · Ancient city
Paliurus (El Agheila) – Syrtic Salt Post
Punic to Roman (5th c BCE – 5th c CE) · Punic / Roman (Tripolitania–Cyrenaica border)
Lonely Syrtis salt post at Syrtis Major's southernmost bay, Paliurus marks the dangerous coastal road's water point between Leptis and Berenice; still salt flats.
🇱🇾 Libya · Ancient city
Zygri
Hellenistic to Roman (3rd c. BCE–5th c. CE) · Greek / Roman
Marmarica dye harbour with Hellenistic tower and cisterns.
🇱🇾 Libya · Ancient city
Augila (Awjila / Aujila Oasis) – Herodotean Palmgrove
Garamantian / Roman · Libyan / Roman
Date-forest island famed since Herodotus for Ammonite pilgrim routes Siwa→Augila→Garama. Garamantian–Greco–Roman caravanserai with foggara traces and late-antique church; mudbrick town overlies souq.
🇱🇾 Libya · Ancient city
Ptolemais — Palace of Columns Cliff Peristyle Hellenistic
Hellenistic (Ptolemy III 246 BCE) → Roman, Palace of Columns 1st c. CE · Hellenistic Ptolemaic port palace and Roman later
Ptolemais Kraeling 1960s, Palace Columns 165 m peristyle.
🇱🇾 Libya · Ancient city
Leptis Magna Market North Portico
Bronze Age (3000–1200 BCE) · Bronze Age
Leptis Magna Market North Portico in Murqub, Leptis Magna, Libya is a Bronze Age (3000–1200 BCE) ancient city attributed to Bronze Age.
🇱🇾 Libya · Submerged site
Tocra (Taucheira) – Cyrenaican Submerged Port
Archaic Greek to Fatimid (620 BCE – 10th c. CE) · Greek Cyrenean / Roman / Byzantine
Cyrenaican grain port founded 620 BCE — ashlar quay and slipways now reef-submerged with Justinian fortress above.