🇬🇷 Greece · Temple complex
Kamiros Temple of Athena Polias — Rhodes Hilltop Terrace
Archaic to Hellenistic · Dorian Rhodian
NW Rhodes hilltop Doric Athena Polias above Hellenistic fountain agora with 200-m aqueduct, 6th BCE–408 synoecism.
🇦🇲 Armenia · Ancient city
Metsamor Fortress Citadel North Bastion — Western Terrace
Early Bronze Age (3500-2500 BCE) · Early Bronze Age Kura-Araxes
Metsamor Fortress Citadel North Bastion — Western Terrace in Armavir Province, Armenia is a Early Bronze Age (3500-2500 BCE) ancient city attributed to Early Bronze Age Kura-Araxes.
🇲🇷 Mauritania · Ancient city
Koumbi Saleh Market Enclosure East Wall Annex — Eastern Outlier
Medieval (800-1200 CE) · Ghana Empire
Koumbi Saleh Market Enclosure East Wall Annex — Eastern Outlier in Hodh Ech Chargui, Nema, Mauritania is a Medieval (800-1200 CE) ancient city attributed to Ghana Empire.
🇵🇹 Portugal · Ancient city
Castro of Zambujal
Chalcolithic – Early Bronze Age (c.3000–1700 BCE) · Vila Nova de São Pedro / Bell Beaker (Estremadura)
Atlantic Copper Age hilltop proto-town (3000–1700 BCE) with walls, bastions, barbican and Bell Beaker metallurgy.
🇩🇪 Germany · Ancient city
Hedeby (Haithabu) Viking Town — Schleswig
Viking Age (c.770–1066 CE) · Danish Viking (later German Ottonian)
Hedeby (Heiðabýr, 8th–11th century CE), on the Haddebyer Noor inlet at the base of the Jutland Peninsula, was the largest Viking Age emporium in Scandinavia, a 27-hectare semicircular…
🇬🇷 Greece · Hydraulic works
Perachora Peninsula Hydraulic Aqueduct (Lechaion to Heraion)
Archaic to Hellenistic · Corinthian Greek
Perachora peninsula (45 m, 38°01′48″N 22°57′00″E 38.03,22.95) Classical to Hellenistic gravity aqueduct (5.2 km) tapping Penteskouphia springs behind Acrocorinth to supply Heraion of Perachora…
🇷🇺 Russia · Submerged site
Porthmion — Chushka Spit Harbour at Chushka North (Kerch Strait Chushka)
Classical to Late Antique (5th c. BCE – 370 CE) · Bosporan Greek
Chushka Spit ferry harbour of Porthmion at Kerch Strait — 100 m rubble causeway at –2 m with wheel ruts and customs quay 60 m.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city
Carchemish (Karkemish)
Bronze–Iron Age · Hittite viceroy, Neo-Hittite Suhi dynasty, Assyrian
Straddling Euphrates ford metropolis: Hittite viceroy-capital with King’s Gate hieroglyphs and 605 BCE battlefield.
🇱🇾 Libya · Ancient city
Germa (Garama) - Garamantian Capital
Iron Age Saharan to Islamic (900 BCE–600 CE) · Garamantian (Saharan Berber)
6-ha foggara-irrigated Garamantian capital with 500 qanat and 250 tombs in Fezzan heartland.
🇮🇱 Israel · Ancient city
Tel Kabri Palace Storage Annex West — Western Terrace
Middle Bronze Age (2000-1550 BCE) · Canaanite
Tel Kabri Palace Storage Annex West — Western Terrace in Galilee, Western Galilee, Israel is a Middle Bronze Age (2000-1550 BCE) ancient city attributed to Canaanite.
🇺🇦 Ukraine · Submerged site
Pantikapaion — Mithridates Harbour North Mole (Kerch Bay) — v2
Archaic to Late Antique (600 BCE – 370 CE) · Milesian Greek / Bosporan Kingdom
North mole of Bosporan capital Pantikapaion at Kerch Bay — 140 m ashlar-concrete mole at –2 m.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Buried city
Bakchias — Kom el-Atl Buried Settlement at Fayum Central (Umm el-Atl)
Ptolemaic to Late Roman (270 BCE – 300 CE) · Greco-Roman Fayum
Central Fayum vineyard port Bakchias 1–2 m buried at Kom el-Atl — Soknobkonneus temple at –1 m and wine press.
🇮🇱 Israel · Submerged site
Jaffa (Tel Yafo) – Ancient Harbour of the Andromeda Reef
Middle Bronze to Ottoman (c. 1800 BCE – 1917 CE) · Canaanite / Egyptian / Phoenician / Persian / Hellenistic / Roman / Crusader / Ottoman
Biblical reef harbour of Andromeda – Byzantine seawall and Ottoman jetty 1–5 m down in Andromeda Reef gap.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Fortress
Meydancıkkale (Kirshu)
Iron Age to Hellenistic (c.800–100 BCE) · Neo-Assyrian → Neo-Babylonian → Achaemenid
Babylonian-Persian mountain fortress Kirshu on Taurus spur with palace terraces and 30 m tunnel.
🇮🇷 Iran · Ancient city
Shahr-e Sukhteh Workshop Quarter East Annex — Southern Extension
Early Bronze Age (3200-1800 BCE) · Helmand Culture
Shahr-e Sukhteh Workshop Quarter East Annex — Southern Extension in Sistan, Zabul, Iran is a Early Bronze Age (3200-1800 BCE) ancient city attributed to Helmand Culture.
🇮🇶 Iraq · Ancient city
Uruk Anu Ziggurat Terrace North Annex — Southern Extension
Late Chalcolithic (4000-3100 BCE) · Uruk Period
Uruk Anu Ziggurat Terrace North Annex — Southern Extension in Al Muthanna, Warka, Iraq is a Late Chalcolithic (4000-3100 BCE) ancient city attributed to Uruk Period.
🇬🇷 Greece · Submerged site
Abdera — Submerged Archaic Harbour at Avdira (Thrace Bulustra)
Archaic to Hellenistic (656 BCE – 200 BCE) · Clazomenian / Teian Ionian Greek
Clazomenian Archaic harbour of Abdera at Bulustra lagoon — 90 m mole at –2 m and walls 400 m, Thrace intelektual port.
🇬🇷 Greece · Submerged site
Abdera — Submerged Archaic Harbour at Avdira (Thrace Bulustra) — v2
Archaic to Hellenistic (656 BCE – 200 BCE) · Clazomenian / Teian Ionian Greek
Clazomenian Archaic harbour of Abdera at Bulustra lagoon — 90 m mole at –2 m and walls 400 m, Thrace intelektual port.
🇪🇸 Spain · Ancient city
Los Millares Bastion South Gate — Eastern Outlier
Chalcolithic (3200-2300 BCE) · Los Millares Culture
Los Millares Bastion South Gate — Eastern Outlier in Andalusia, Almeria, Spain is a Chalcolithic (3200-2300 BCE) ancient city attributed to Los Millares Culture.
🇮🇷 Iran · Ancient city
Shahr-e Sukhteh Workshop Quarter East Annex — Eastern Outlier
Early Bronze Age (3200-1800 BCE) · Helmand Culture
Shahr-e Sukhteh Workshop Quarter East Annex — Eastern Outlier in Sistan, Zabul, Iran is a Early Bronze Age (3200-1800 BCE) ancient city attributed to Helmand Culture.
🇮🇶 Iraq · Ancient city
Uruk Anu Ziggurat Terrace North Annex — Western Terrace
Late Chalcolithic (4000-3100 BCE) · Uruk Period
Uruk Anu Ziggurat Terrace North Annex — Western Terrace in Al Muthanna, Warka, Iraq is a Late Chalcolithic (4000-3100 BCE) ancient city attributed to Uruk Period.
🇬🇷 Greece · Buried city
Helike — Bouras Plain Borehole Submerged City (Gulf of Corinth)
Early Bronze to Classical (c.2600 – 373 BCE) · Achaean Greek
373 BCE tsunami-lost Helike — Classical city and EBA settlement both buried 3 m under Bouras lagoonal marine silt 60 m inland, originally submerged.
🇪🇸 Spain · Ancient city
Los Millares Bastion South Gate — Western Terrace
Chalcolithic (3200-2300 BCE) · Los Millares Culture
Los Millares Bastion South Gate — Western Terrace in Andalusia, Almeria, Spain is a Chalcolithic (3200-2300 BCE) ancient city attributed to Los Millares Culture.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Submerged site
Rhinocolura (El-Arish) – Submerged Pelusian Harbour of the Sinai Gates
New Kingdom to Roman (c. 1500 BCE – 400 CE) · Egyptian New Kingdom / Philistine / Ptolemaic / Roman
Sinai gate lagoon harbour – Bardawil quay walls and fish-salting vats at –1 m guarding Via Maris.