🇸🇩 Sudan · Ancient city
Midden Dolmen Ancient City
Mississippian (800–1600 CE) · Mississippian
Midden Dolmen Ancient City in River Nile State, Sudan is a Mississippian (800–1600 CE) ancient city attributed to Mississippian culture.
🇸🇪 Sweden · Ancient city
Helgö Trading Island
Migration to Viking Age (c.200–1050 CE) · South Scandinavian Iron Age / Vendel–Viking
Small island (48 ha) in Lake Mälaren's Helgö, 5 km long, excavated 1954–74 (Holmqvist, Lundström) revealing 800 years of craft (bronze, iron, jewel, glass) and long-distance imports: Coptic bronze…
🇮🇱 Israel · Ancient city
Megiddo
Chalcolithic to Iron Age / Persian · Canaanite → Egyptian → Israelite
Strategic tell commanding Via Maris (Egypt-Mesopotamia road) through Jezreel, occupied 7000 BCE–586 BCE with 26 strata, Thutmosis III 1457 BCE battle (first battle in recorded history), Canaanite…
🇦🇲 Armenia · Ancient city
Armavir (Argishtikhinili)
Urartian 776 BCE to Orontid Hellenistic (to 2nd c. BCE) · Urartu → Orontid Armenia → Hellenistic
Two citadels (D-A Mound): Argishti I fortress Argishtikhinili built atop Metsamor EB hill, rock-cut canal from Araxes still visible, later Hellenistic wall with Aramaic ostraca of Erivan, mythic…
🇲🇽 Mexico · Pyramid
Chiapa de Corzo Archaeological Zone
Formative 1400 BCE–300 CE (Escalera phase) · Mixe-Zoque (Chiapa de Corzo tradition) / Olmec–Maya bridge
Zoque Olmec–Maya capital with Mound 5 22 m and Stela 2 Long Count 36 BCE, earliest date in Mesoamerica.
🇺🇸 United States · Ancient city
Peñasco Blanco — Chaco Canyon Outer Great House West
Pueblo II–III (1050–1140 CE) · Ancestral Pueblo (Chacoan)
Cliff-point Great House 1050 CE — oval arc & solstice pictograph.
🇸🇾 Syria · Tell
Tell Bderi
Late Bronze to Neo-Assyrian (c.1600–600 BCE) · Mitanni Hurrian → Middle Assyrian
Stratified 7-m Khabur village documenting Mitanni–Assyrian agrarian collapse and recovery; Pfälzner exposed Mitanni granary with barley, then Middle Assyrian canal-side settlement with large storage…
🇦🇷 Argentina · Ancient city
Necropolis Quay Ancient City
Moche (100–800 CE) · Moche
Necropolis Quay Ancient City in Catamarca, Argentina is a Moche (100–800 CE) ancient city attributed to Moche culture.
🇬🇹 Guatemala · Ancient city
Kirk Dock Ancient City
Iron Age (1200 BCE–500 CE) · Iron Age
Kirk Dock Ancient City in Petén, Guatemala is a Iron Age (1200 BCE–500 CE) ancient city attributed to Iron Age culture.
🇺🇸 United States · Ancient city
Kin Bineola — Chaco Outlier Great House South
Pueblo II–III Chacoan (1080–1140 CE) · Ancestral Pueblo (Chacoan)
South Road Great House 1080 CE — 120 rooms, kiva & 9 m Chaco road.
🇵🇪 Peru · Ancient city
Pueblo de los Muertos
Late Intermediate 1100–1470 CE Chachapoya cliff-house · Chachapoyas
Most dramatic Chachapoyas cliff village: 30 structures (houses and mausoleums) fused to vertical sandstone wall via timber beams slotted into cliff, accessed via rope ladders 200 m above cloud forest…
🇹🇷 Turkey · Temple complex
Stratonikeia Hekate Temple — Lagina Sanctuary of Hekate
Hellenistic to Roman (200 BCE – 250 CE) · Seleucid foundation to Rhodian to Roman Karian
Largest Hekate temple 8×11 with Gigantomachy frieze linked via 9 km Sacred Way to city.
🇮🇶 Iraq · Tell
Tell al-Hawa — Mosul Plain Mega-Tell
Ubaid to Neo-Assyrian (4500 BCE–600 BCE; peak LC 3700 BCE) · Ubaid → Late Chalcolithic → Ninevite 5 → Mitanni → Neo-Assyrian
LC mega-nucleation 3700 BCE — 15 ha then 80 ha hollow-way town.
🇯🇴 Jordan · Tell
Buseirah
Iron to Nabataean (c.800 BCE–200 CE; peak Edom kingdom 800–600, then Nabataean) · Edomite (Bozrah) → Nabataean → Roman Arabah
Buseirah (biblical Bozrah) is the capital of Edom — Isaiah 34 'Bozrah of Edom' — with Iron Age palace-fort, casemate and Edomite pottery (Busayra ware). Bennett...
🇸🇾 Syria · Tell
Tell Shiukh Fawqani South Mound — Middle Euphrates
Late Chalcolithic to Iron Age (3500–600 BCE; peak MBA–Neo-Assyrian) · Uruk → EBA → Middle Assyrian → Neo-Assyrian Aramean (Bit-Adini)
Burmarina Neo-Assyrian tablet town 725 BCE — MBA to cremation cemetery.
🇵🇪 Peru · Pyramid
Túcume Pyramids
Late Intermediate (Lambayeque 1000–1350 → Chimú 1350–1470 → Inca 1470–1532) · Lambayeque (Sicán) → Chimú → Inca
Valley of 26 adobe trunk-pyramids (1000–1532) on plain around eroded Cerro La Raya hill: Lambayeque/Sicán then Chimú then Inca 26 pyramids 12–25 m high (Huaca Larga 700 m long largest adobe pyramid…
🇬🇷 Greece · Ancient city
Thornby Grove Ancient City
Yayoi (300 BCE–300 CE) · Yayoi
Thornby Grove Ancient City in Thessaly, Greece is a Yayoi (300 BCE–300 CE) ancient city attributed to Yayoi culture.
🇵🇪 Peru · Ancient city
Manchan — Casma Polity Mud City Nepeña Casma Pampa
Casma (Sechín Casma culture 1100–1470 Chimú conquer 1350; Inca 1470 Chimu later) · Casma (Sechín) → Chimú → Inca (Manchan 1100 pre-CHimú capital of Casma Sechin polity 63 ha Terraced Sechin Cerro)
Manchan Moore 1981 Casma empire 63 ha planned 200 compounds.
🇸🇾 Syria · Ancient city
Qatna
Early Bronze to Late Bronze (Amorite Hurrian) · Amorite then Hurrian-Mitanni Egyptian orbit
Mighty Middle Bronze (c.2800–1340 BCE) kingdom city of Qatna controlling eastern Homs basin, with 1 km-square royal palace (largest Bronze Age palace in Syria, 10,000 m²) and intact royal hypogeum…
🇲🇦 Morocco · Ancient city
Kouass
Phoenicio-Punic to Roman (6th c. BCE–3rd c. CE) · Phoenician / Mauretanian / Roman
Kouass (near Asilah) is a Phoenician–Mauretanian port and factory on Atlantic estuary, 6th c. BCE–3rd c. CE, with 5th-c.
🇦🇫 Afghanistan · Ancient city
Shortughai — Oxus Harappan Outpost
Mature Harappan (2600–2000 BCE) · Harappan frontier (Shortugai Indus colony)
Shortughai — Oxus Harappan Outpost in Takhar Province, Afghanistan is a Mature Harappan (2600–2000 BCE) ancient-city attributed to Harappan frontier (Shortugai Indus colony).
🇹🇯 Tajikistan · Ancient city
Penjikent (Ancient Panjakent)
Early Medieval Sogdian (5th–8th century CE) · Sogdian (easternmost Sogd)
Easternmost Sogdian Silk Road city — 13.5 ha frescoed shahristan with Rustam murals and Mount Mug letters.
🇩🇿 Algeria · Ancient city
Rusuccuru
Phoenicio-Punic to Medieval (5th c. BCE–16th c. CE; Roman peak 1st–4th c. CE) · Phoenician / Punic / Roman / Byzantine
Rusuccuru (modern Dellys) is a Phoenician–Roman port on Algeria's Kabyle coast, founded 5th c. BCE as Carthaginian fish-salting station.
🇨🇱 Chile · Ancient city
Shallow Ancient City
Moche (100–800 CE) · Moche
Shallow Ancient City in Coquimbo, Chile is a Moche (100–800 CE) ancient city attributed to Moche culture.