🇲🇽 Mexico · Ancient city
Harappan Ancient City — Hidalgo Annex 411
Harappan · Harappan
Harappan ancient-city at Hidalgo.
🇩🇿 Algeria · Fortress
Thamallula (Theniet Belezma)
Roman (1st–5th c CE) · Roman (Numidia)
Pass fort on northern Aurès road, Thamallula guards the Belezma gap with courtyard fortress and road village.
🇵🇪 Peru · Ancient city
Iron Age Ancient City — Huanuco Annex 404
Iron Age · Iron Age
Iron Age ancient-city at Huanuco.
🇮🇳 India · Ancient city
Jomon Ancient City — Haryana Annex 399
Jomon · Jomon
Jomon ancient-city at Haryana.
🇱🇾 Libya · Ancient city
Augila (Awjila / Aujila Oasis) – Herodotean Palmgrove
Garamantian / Roman · Libyan / Roman
Date-forest island famed since Herodotus for Ammonite pilgrim routes Siwa→Augila→Garama. Garamantian–Greco–Roman caravanserai with foggara traces and late-antique church; mudbrick town overlies souq.
🇮🇹 Italy · Submerged site
Baiae (Baiae Archaeological Park)
Republican to Late Antique (140 BCE – 8th c CE) · Roman
Former luxury resort of Rome’s elite (Caesar, Nero, Hadrian) with imperial villa, submerged by bradyseism (volcanic uplift/subsidence) to 5–9 m, with mosaics, statues and pilings visible snorkelling.
🇵🇪 Peru · Ancient city
Kuelap
Chachapoya (Middle Horizon to Inca) · Chachapoya
Immense walled city on Andean ridge (500–1570 CE) of Chachapoya 'Warriors of the Clouds' with limestone dry-stone walls 19 m high, 3 entries tapering to 1 person, circular houses with zigzag friezes.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Ancient city
Antinoöpolis (El Sheikh Ibada / Antinoë) – Hadrian's City
Roman · Roman / Egyptian / Greek
Instant Græco-Roman show-city founded by Hadrian Oct 130 CE for drowned Antinous. Hippodamian grid, tetrastyle gates, 3 km colonnaded cardo, circus and temple to Osiris-Antinous. Greek boule papyri.
🇧🇿 Belize · Ancient city
Lubaantun
Late Classic Maya · Maya
Lubaantun in Toledo District, Belize is a Late Classic Maya ancient city attributed to Maya culture. Settlement complex with stratified occupation, demonstrating urban planning and craft production.
🇬🇷 Greece · Ancient city
Phaistos (Festòs)
Minoan · Minoan
Phaistos (Festòs) in Crete, Heraklion, Greece is a Minoan ancient city attributed to Minoan culture. Settlement complex with stratified occupation, demonstrating urban planning and craft production.
🇩🇿 Algeria · Ancient city
Diana Veteranorum (Aïn Zana / Zana)
Roman / Byzantine · Roman
Trajanic veteran settlement of Legio III Augusta (100–117 CE) with perfect grid, forum, arch, macellum and aqueduct feeding nymphaeum. Named for Diana whose forests ringed town, oil-press economy.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city
Hattusa
Hittite Empire (Middle Bronze Age to Late Bronze) · Hittite
Capital of Hittite Empire (1600–1180 BCE) with double walls 8 km, Lion Gate, Sphinx Gate, Great Temple and rock sanctuary Yazılıkaya with 90+ reliefs of gods. Archives of 30,000 cuneiform tablets.
🇬🇷 Greece · Buried city
Akrotiri (Thera)
Middle to Late Minoan (LM IA) · Cycladic / Minoan
Minoan Cycladic town buried under pumice by Theran eruption c.1620–1530 BCE (S: 1600 BCE), preserving 3-storey buildings, drainage, vivid frescoes (Spring, Ship Procession) comparable to Pompeii.
🇲🇦 Morocco · Ancient city
Banasa (Sidi Ali Bou Djenoun) – Colony on the Sebou
Mauretanian / Roman · Mauretanian / Roman
Augustan veteran colonia on Sebou floodplain, river-port exporting olive oil to Rhine legions. Forum, capitol, baths and kiln quarter with Tabula Banasitana bronze (212 CE citizenship grant).
🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Kolomoki Mounds Historic Park
Swift Creek–Weeden Island 350–750 CE · Swift Creek – Weeden Island
Woodland Mound A 17 m, Swift Creek 350–750 CE.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Submerged site
Canopus (East Canopus)
Ptolemaic to Byzantine · Egyptian-Greek / Roman
Sister city to Heracleion, 1.7 km west on same dune-barrier, sacred to Osiris with temple of Serapis, submerged same event, excavated by Goddio with statuettes, jewellery and ritual vessels.
🇵🇸 Palestine · Ancient village
Jericho – Tell es-Sultan
Natufian to Bronze Age (12,000 BCE onward; tower c.8300 BCE) · Natufian → PPNA/PPNB → Canaanite
Tell with Natufian through Bronze Age layers including Pre-Pottery Neolithic A stone tower (c.8300 BCE) and wall – among earliest monumental architecture and fortification. Biblical Jericho.
🇮🇶 Iraq · Ancient city
Kish
Early Dynastic Sumer to Akkadian · Sumerian / Akkadian
Key Sumerian city-state (c.3100–2000 BCE) dominating Early Dynastic Sumer, palace A, ziggurat, mentioned in King List as first city to have kingship after Flood. Discovered library archives.
🇹🇳 Tunisia · Ancient city
Thuburbo Parvum
Carthaginian to Byzantine (4th c. BCE–7th c. CE) · Punic / Roman
Sister city to Thuburbo Majus with olive press park (15 presses).
🇪🇬 Egypt · Ancient city
Leontopolis (Tell el-Muqdam / Taremu)
Old Kingdom to Ptolemaic · Egyptian
Lion-god Mahes capital with huge enclosure 1000×800 m and red granite naos of Osorkon II; claimed rival Onias temple at Leontopolis. Dense Late Period lion cemetery with animal catacombs.
🇲🇽 Mexico · Pyramid
Comalcalco Archaeological Zone
Maya Classic 250–900 CE · Maya (Chontal)
Maya brick city 56 million bricks, Chontal 250–900 CE.
🇲🇽 Mexico · Ancient city
Cacaxtla-Xochitécatl Archaeological Zone
Epiclassic 650–900 CE · Olmeca-Xicalanca
Epiclassic painted citadel Battle Mural 22 m, 700–800 CE.
🇺🇸 United States · Ancient city
Quivira – Coronado's Plains City of Gold (Gran Quivira)
Contact myth 1540–1605 · Wichita / Spanish Entrada
Northernmost of Coronado's Seven Cities expedition – Turk told Coronado of Quivira rich in gold east beyond Pueblo; Coro...