🇪🇸 Spain · Ancient city
Juliobriga
Juliobriga (Spanish: Julióbriga, Latin: Iuliobriga, Ancient Greek: Ἰουλιόβριγα) was the most important urban centre in Roman Cantabria, as stated by numerous Latin authors including Pliny the Elder.
🇪🇸 Spain · Ancient city
Los Millares Bastion South Gate
Chalcolithic (3200-2300 BCE) · Los Millares Culture
Los Millares Bastion South Gate in Andalusia, Almeria, Spain is a Chalcolithic (3200-2300 BCE) ancient city attributed to Los Millares Culture.
🇪🇸 Spain · Ancient city
Los Millares Bastion South Gate — Southern Extension
Chalcolithic (3200-2300 BCE) · Los Millares Culture
Los Millares Bastion South Gate — Southern Extension in Andalusia, Almeria, Spain is a Chalcolithic (3200-2300 BCE) ancient city attributed to Los Millares Culture.
🇪🇸 Spain · Ancient city
Los Millares Bastion South Gate — Eastern Outlier
Chalcolithic (3200-2300 BCE) · Los Millares Culture
Los Millares Bastion South Gate — Eastern Outlier in Andalusia, Almeria, Spain is a Chalcolithic (3200-2300 BCE) ancient city attributed to Los Millares Culture.
🇪🇸 Spain · Ancient city
Los Millares Bastion South Gate — Northern Annex
Chalcolithic (3200-2300 BCE) · Los Millares Culture
Los Millares Bastion South Gate — Northern Annex in Andalusia, Almeria, Spain is a Chalcolithic (3200-2300 BCE) ancient city attributed to Los Millares Culture.
🇪🇸 Spain · Ancient city
Los Millares Bastion South Gate — Western Terrace
Chalcolithic (3200-2300 BCE) · Los Millares Culture
Los Millares Bastion South Gate — Western Terrace in Andalusia, Almeria, Spain is a Chalcolithic (3200-2300 BCE) ancient city attributed to Los Millares Culture.
🇪🇸 Spain · Ancient city
Aber-Long Ancient City
Ancestral Pueblo (900–1350 CE) · Ancestral Pueblo
Aber-Long Ancient City in Andalusia, Spain is a Ancestral Pueblo (900–1350 CE) ancient city attributed to Ancestral Pueblo culture.
🇪🇸 Spain · Ancient city
Castro de Baroña — Porto do Son
Iron Age to Roman (c.600 BCE–100 CE) · Atlantic Castro (Gallaeci, Celtic)
Castro de Baroña (Iron Age c.600 BCE–100 CE, with 1st c. BCE–CE stone phase) is a spectacular Atlantic castro on a rocky isthmus peninsula cut off by a 50-m isthmus ditch, its 20+ round stone houses…
🇪🇸 Spain · Ancient city
Castro de Santa Trega — A Guarda
Iron Age (c.600 BCE–100 CE) · Castro culture (Gallaeci Bracari, Celtic)
Castro de Santa Trega (Iron Age c.600–0 BCE, revived 100 BCE–100 CE) crowns the 341-m Santa Tegra mountain at the Miño–Atlantic confluence overlooking Portugal, a 7-hectare terraced castro-city of…
🇪🇸 Spain · Ancient city
Atlantis Tartessos Shelf – Huelva Shelf Tartessic Atlantis
Claimed Tartessic Bronze 1000 BCE (rectangle sand ridge Holocene) · Tartessic / Spectral artefact
Huelva shelf Tartessos variant of Doñana rectangle — Hinojos cores show sand ridge not city Recorded context — Period: Claimed Tartessic Bronze 1000 BCE (rectangle sand ridge Holocene); Culture:…
🇪🇸 Spain · Ancient city
La Bastida de Totana — Argaric Fortified City
El Argar Bronze Age (2200–1550 BCE) · El Argar
Totana hill city excavated by Lull & Micó since 2009, type-site of Argaric urbanism, with fortified acropolis and extramural cemeteries.
🇪🇸 Spain · Ancient city
Los Millares Chalcolithic Walled Town
Chalcolithic (3200–2200 BCE) · Los Millares (Iberian Chalcolithic)
Almería's Copper Age capital excavated by L. Siret 1891, with 13 hill forts, 80 tholos tombs with eye-idols and copper tools.
🇪🇸 Spain · Ancient city
Rusadir
Phoenician to Late Antique (7th c. BCE–5th c. CE) · Phoenician / Punic / Roman / Mauri
Punic-Roman cape town beneath Melilla with dye vats and tophet.
🇪🇸 Spain · Ancient city
Russadir (Melilla)
Phoenician to Modern (7th c BCE–present; peak Punic 5th–3rd c BCE and Roman 1st–3rd c CE) · Phoenician / Punic / Roman / Medieval Spanish
Punic–Roman promontory citadel Russadir forming core of Melilla la Vieja.
🇪🇸 Spain · Ancient city
Tartessos and Doñana – Western Atlantis Hypothesis
Late Bronze to Iron Age Tartessian (1200–550 BCE collapse) · Iberian Tartessian with Phoenician Tartessos emporion + Greek
Arganthonios's Tartessian kingdom Guadalquivir — Doñana marsh 'rings' claimed Atlantis 2011, disproved as salinas.
🇲🇱 Mali · Ancient city
Gao-Saney – Trans-Saharan Entrepôt & Tomb of Askia's Pilgrims
Trans-Saharan (c. 600–1300 CE; peak 9th–12th c as Kawkaw) · Songhai–Berber (Gao empire; Almoravid links)
Old Gao's eastern port suburb Gao-Saney with merchant quarter and cemetery of 11th c Arabic stelae (spirals, Kufic) documenting Islamisation and gold trade to Sijilmasa; stelae mar...