🇲🇱 Mali · Temple complex
Gao – Tomb of Askia
Medieval Songhai (9th–17th c; peak Imperial 1464–1591) · Songhai / Tuareg (Songhai Empire)
Songhai Empire capital's 17 m pyramidal earthen tomb of Askia Mohammad I (1495) east-bank Niger assembly ground.
🇳🇪 Niger · Archaeological wonder
Bura Culture (Bura-Asinda-Sikka)
Late Iron Age (3rd–13th c CE) · Bura
834-tomb iron funerary field 3rd–13th c with equestrian terra-cotta sculptures and urn spears.
🇧🇯 Benin · Ancient city
Birnin Lafiya
Medieval (12th–18th c) · Songhai / Hausa / Niger bend trade
65-ha double-rampart Niger entrepôt 12th–18th c linking Bura-Gao ceramic chain with Hausa–Songhay frontier.