🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia · Geoglyph
Al-Ghat Mustatil Field – Najd Plateau
Late Neolithic · Central Najd Neolithic pastoralists
29 Najd mustatil platforms (4900–4200 BCE) — easternmost Saudi rectangular ritual field.
🇻🇳 Vietnam · Ancient city
Gò Tháp (Óc Eo–Funan Center)
Funan 2nd–6th c CE → Chenla 6th–9th c → Khmer 9th–12th c · Funan Óc Eo (Mekong Delta) → Chenla → Khmer
Gò Tháp — Funan (Óc Eo culture) port-city centre (2nd–12th c CE) 25 km north Cao Lanh, Thap Muoi Mekong floodplain, excavated 1998–2010s Le Xuan Diem and DAA.
🇰🇬 Kyrgyzstan · Ancient city
Navkat (Krasnaya Rechka)
Sogdian → Western Turkic → Karakhanid 6–12 c. CE · Sogdian–Turkic (Silk Road Sogdian colony, Nestorian–Buddhist)
Major Sogdian–Turkic Silk Road city (c.6–12 c. CE) at Krasnaya Rechka village in the Chu Valley — 45 ha shahristan (700×550 m, walls 10 m high), Buddhist monastery 30×25 m with 5 m Buddha,…
🇮🇳 India · Ancient city
Paithan (Ancient Pratishthana)
Satavahana 2nd c BCE–2nd c CE → Vakataka → Yadava · Satavahana Deccan urban (Godavari)
Paithan (ancient Pratishthana) — Satavahana capital (2nd c BCE–2nd c CE) on Godavari 56 km south Aurangabad, excavated 1970s by Allchin and 1990s Sontheimer.
🇱🇾 Libya · Ancient city
Zinchecra
Iron Age Saharan (900 BCE–200 CE) · Proto-Garamantian / Garamantian
80-m black-capped mesa hillfort 900–400 BCE pre-Garamantian stone rampart enclosing 2-ha citadel.
🇲🇳 Mongolia · Tumulus
Bayan-Ula Khirigsuur & Deer Stone Valley – Khentii
Late Bronze to Early Iron · Deer Stone–Khirigsuur / Ulaanzuukh
45 khirigsuurs + 9 deer stones (1350–750 BCE) in Khentii sacred valley — double satellite circles.
🇱🇾 Libya · Ancient city
Bu Njem (Gholaia)
Severan Roman (201–259 CE) · Roman
201 CE polygonal limes fort 138 m with 146 wax tablets and ostraca archive documenting Legio III vicus.
🇮🇳 India · Ancient village
Chechar
Neolithic–Chalcolithic Narhan (2000–1300) → Early Historic NBPW (700–300 BCE) · Narhan–Chechar Middle Ganga Chalcolithic → Mauryan
Early Ganga Neolithic–Chalcolithic hamlet (c.2000–600 BCE) at Chechar–Kutubpur in Vaishali district on the Ganga north bank — excavated 1977–79 by Ranjit Singh and later BHU teams, yielded buried hut…
🇯🇵 Japan · Tumulus
Mozu Kofun Cluster (Mozu-Furuichi)
Middle–Late Kofun 350–600 CE (Yamato mature) · Yamato Mozu–Furuichi Kofun tradition
Mozu Kofun Cluster — dense kofun cemetery (49 kofun inscribed, 160,000+ total in Japan, 4th–6th c CE) across Mozu and Furuichi plains 10 km south Osaka, excavated 1970s–2019 Shiraishi et al.
🇯🇵 Japan · Ancient village
Nabatake (Saga)
Jomon Final 1000 BCE → Yayoi Incipient 930–600 BCE → Yayoi Early 600 BCE–100 CE · Jomon–Yayoi rice transition (Saga plain)
Japan's earliest rice contender (930–600 BCE) at Nabatake Karatsu — paddy bunds 2×1.5 m with incipient rice and ard-marks vs Itatsuke debate.
🇯🇵 Japan · Tumulus
Teraji
Kofun Middle–Late 400–600 CE (Kibi culture) · Kofun Kibi (Seto Inland-Kibi chiefdom)
Kibi keyhole tumulus (400–600 CE) at Teraji near Soja — 65 m yokoana corridor with Sue ware and Gaya bronze horse gear.
🇨🇳 China · Ancient city
Erligang (Zhengzhou Shang City)
Early Shang Erligang 1600–1400 BCE (Xia→Shang transition) · Early Shang (Erligang culture, Zhengzhou phase)
Erligang (Zhengzhou Shang City) — Early Shang walled capital (c.1600–1400 BCE, Erligang culture) under modern Zhengzhou old city, excavated 1950s–80s An Jinhuai and Zou Heng (Henan Institute).
🇺🇿 Uzbekistan · Ancient city
Kampir Tepe
Hellenistic 330–145 BCE → Yuezhi–Kushan 145 BCE–350 CE → Sasanians 350–500 CE · Greco-Bactrian → Kushan–Sogdian (Oxus trade)
Oxus port fortress (330 BCE–500 CE) at Kampir hill 30 km west Termez — Hellenistic gate, Kushan quay and Alexander port contender.
🇱🇾 Libya · Rock art
Slonta
Iron Age to Hellenistic (700 BCE–200 CE) · Libyan (Berber) / Greek
30+ artificial underground caves 4 m deep with Libyan silhouette art and Greek votive 700 BCE–200 CE.
🇨🇳 China · Rock art
Yinshan West Wulashan Rock Art
Bronze Age to Early Medieval · Ordos, Xiongnu, Xianbei, Turkic (Yinshan frontier)
West mesa of Wulashan with naturalistic tiger and chariot rut petroglyphs.
🇯🇵 Japan · Megalith
Oshoro
Jomon Mid–Late 2500–1800 BCE (Hokkaido) · Jomon Hokkaido (Oshima–Shakotan)
Hokkaido Jomon stone circle (2500–1800 BCE) at Oshoro Otaru — 30 m with 47 boulders and Fusen rock art above Oshoro Bay.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Temple complex
Kom Ombo Temple
Ptolemaic to Roman (2nd c BCE–1st c CE) · Ptolemaic Egyptian / Roman
Symmetrical double temple on Nile bluff dedicated jointly to Haroeris (falcon) and Sobek (crocodile) with duplicate courts and surgical relief.
🇱🇾 Libya · Ancient city
Tocra (Taucheira)
Archaic Greek to Islamic (630 BCE–7th c CE) · Greek / Ptolemaic / Roman / Byzantine
Archaic Greek harbour with 2.5-km 610 BCE bastioned wall and earliest black-figure ceramics stratigraphy.
🇵🇰 Pakistan · Ancient village
Nausharo
Kot Diji I (3000–2700) → Transitional II (2700–2500) → Harappan III (2500–2100 BCE) · Kot Diji / Early Harappan → Mature Harappan (Bolan culture)
Early Harappan → Mature Harappan village (c.3000–2100 BCE) 6 km south of Mehrgarh on the Bolan terrace, Balochistan — 5 ha mound excavated 1985–96 by J-F. Jarrige (French Archaeological Mission).
🇨🇱 Chile · Geoglyph
Salar del Sur Este Avenues Geoglyphs (Eastern Approach Corridor)
Late Intermediate to Late Horizon (Inca) · Atacameño–Inca caravan
Salar del Sur east corridor: 20 paired Avenues forming 1.4 km converging system toward playa.
🇯🇵 Japan · Ancient village
Kashiwabara (Hokkaido)
Jomon Late 1000 BCE → Epi-Jomon 300 BCE–500 CE → Satsumon 500–1100 CE → Honshu Yayoi influence · Epi-Jomon (Hokkaido) with Yayoi rice intrusion
Hokkaido rice-frontier paddy trial (300 BCE–300 CE) at Kashiwabara Ebetsu — 8 pit houses with failed rice vs salmon–nut; paddy northern limit.
🇮🇳 India · Ancient city
Kausambi (Ancient Kosambi)
Mahajanapada 600 BCE → Mauryan → Gupta 4th c CE · Vatsa Janapada → Mauryan → Sunga–Gupta (Middle Ganga)
Kausambi (Kosambi) — capital of Vatsa Mahajanapada (c.600 BCE–300 CE) on Yamuna 56 km SW Prayagraj, excavated 1949–56 by G.R. Sharma (Allahabad University).
🇳🇬 Nigeria · Archaeological wonder
Samun Dukiya (Nok satellite)
Nigerian Iron Age (1500 BCE–500 CE) · Nok
Waterlogged pit yielding 25 in-situ Nok heads 900 BCE–500 CE and early 550 BCE iron knives.
🇹🇭 Thailand · Archaeological wonder
Spirit Cave (Tham Lod Rockshelter)
Late Pleistocene to Early Holocene Hoabinhian 12000–7500 BCE · Hoabinhian (northwest Thailand hunter-gatherer, proto-Austroasiatic?)
Hoabinhian hunter-gatherer cave (c.12000–7500 BCE) in the Shan Hills karst near Pang Mapha, Mae Hong Son — type-site where Chester Gorman (1966) defined Hoabinhian.