🇸🇾 Syria · Archaeological wonder
Ancient City of Kala Rampart
Iron Age (1200 BCE–500 CE) · Iron Age
Ancient City of Kala Rampart in Homs Governorate, Syria is a Iron Age (1200 BCE–500 CE) archaeological wonder attributed to Iron Age culture.
🇸🇾 Syria · Archaeological wonder
Ingoldisthorpe-Low Archaeological Complex
Middle Bronze Age (2100–1550 BCE) · Middle Bronze Age
Ingoldisthorpe-Low Archaeological Complex in Homs Governorate, Syria is a Middle Bronze Age (2100–1550 BCE) archaeological wonder attributed to Middle Bronze Age culture.
🇸🇾 Syria · Hydraulic works
Qasr al-Hayr Water Management System
Umayyad c.728–729 CE (Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik) · Umayyad (Syrian desert)
Qasr al-Hayr al-Sharqi (728–729 Caliph Hisham) – Umayyad desert castle double enclosure whose hydraulic system re-used Byzantine aqueduct (40 km Harbaka dam canal) to store in birka (70m reservoir),…
🇸🇾 Syria · Hydraulic works
Hama Norias — Orontes River Water Wheels (Hama Historic Hydraulic System)
Byzantine to Ayyubid–Ottoman palimpsest (Roman origins 4th c BCE–14th c CE continuity) · Byzantine / Ayyubid (Norias mainly Ayyubid 12th–14th c)
Seventeen surviving norias (river-driven water wheels) on Orontes River through Hama (285 m), largest Al-Muhammadiya 21 m diameter (largest noria in world, 1207 Ayyubid), lifting Orontes water 15–21…
🇸🇾 Syria · Archaeological wonder
Citadel of Aleppo
3rd millennium BCE to present (Yamhad Bronze Age peak; current fortress 12th–13th c CE) · Amorite (Yamhad) / Hittite / Neo-Hittite / Hellenistic / Ayyubid / Mamluk / Ottoman
One of the oldest continuously fortified mounds in the world, Aleppo citadel occupies a 45 m-high tell (Yamhad kingdom capital c.1800 BCE).
🇸🇾 Syria · Archaeological wonder
Dederiyeh Cave
Lower to Upper Palaeolithic (250–12 ka; peaks Middle Palaeolithic 70–50 ka) · Yabrudian → Levantine Mousterian (Neanderthal) → Upper Palaeolithic modern human
Afrin karst cave with two Neanderthal infant burials demonstrating deliberate funerary ritual.
🇮🇱 Israel · Archaeological wonder
Kfar Giladi
Kfar Giladi (Hebrew: כפר גלעדי, lit. 'Giladi Village') is a kibbutz in the Galilee Panhandle of northern Israel.
🇸🇾 Syria · Archaeological wonder
Krak des Chevaliers
Crusader to Mamluk (11th c Kurdish fort; Hospitaller 1142–1271; Mamluk after 1271) · Kurdish / Frankish (Hospitaller) / Mamluk
Paradigmatic concentric Crusader castle, Krak des Chevaliers was built by Kurdish emir and expanded by Knights Hospitaller 1142–1271.
🇱🇧 Lebanon · Archaeological wonder
Al-Hebbariyah
Al-Hebbariyah, Hebbariyeh, Hebbariya or Hebariya (Levantine Arabic: الهبّارية, romanized: al-Hebbāriyeh) is a municipality situated in the Hasbaya District of the Nabatieh Governorate in Lebanon.
🇯🇴 Jordan · Archaeological wonder
Al-Karak
Al-Karak (Arabic: الكرك), in English sources often simply Karak, is a city in Jordan known for its medieval Kerak Castle, which is one of the three largest in the region, the other two being in Syria.
🇱🇧 Lebanon · Archaeological wonder
Berytus
Berytus (; Phoenician: 𐤁𐤀𐤓𐤕, romanized: Beʾerūt; Ancient Greek: Βηρυτός, romanized: Bērytós; Latin: Bērȳtus; Arabic: بَيرُوتَ), briefly known as Laodicea in Phoenicia (Ancient Greek: Λαοδίκεια ἡ…
🇱🇧 Lebanon · Archaeological wonder
Deir al-Ashayer
Deir al-Ashayer (Arabic: دير العشائر) is a village located in the Rashaya District of the Beqaa Governorate in Lebanon.
🇮🇱 Israel · Archaeological wonder
Helam
Helam (Hebrew: חֵילָם / חֵלָאם, ḥêlām; meaning "stronghold", or "place of abundance") is a Hebrew Bible place name.
🇯🇴 Jordan · Archaeological wonder
Iraq ed-Dubb
Iraq ed-Dubb, or the Cave of the Bear, is an early Neolithic archeological site 7 km (4.3 mi) northwest of Ajlun in the Jordan Valley, in modern-day Jordan.
🇮🇶 Iraq · Archaeological wonder
Kashkar
Kashkar, also known as Kaskar, (Classical Syriac: ܟܫܟܪ), was a city in southern Mesopotamia. Its name appears to originate from Syriac ܟܪܟܐ karḵa meaning "citadel" or "town".
🇹🇷 Turkey · Temple complex
Oracle of Claros
Hellenistic to Late Roman ~300 BCE–395 CE · Greek (Colophonian) then Roman Ionian
Underground water-oracle of Apollo where prophet drank sacred pool to versify prophecies.