🇦🇫 Afghanistan · Archaeological wonder
Alexandria in the Caucasus
Hellenistic period
Alexandria in the Caucasus (Ancient Greek: Ἀλεξάνδρεια Alexándreia; medieval Kapisa, modern Bagram) was a colony of Alexander the Great.
🇦🇫 Afghanistan · Ancient city
Begram
Hellenistic 330 BCE → Mauryan 305–180 BCE → Indo-Greek 180–50 BCE → Kushan 50–350 CE · Hellenistic → Indo-Greek–Kushan–Roman Silk Road
Kushan Kapisa capital at Begram (600 BCE–400 CE) — 30 ha Alexandretta with Begram Treasure of 200 Roman glass ivories.
🇷🇺 Russia · Tumulus
Novozavedennoye Kurgan Field – Stavropol Steppe
Maikop to Sarmatian (3600 BCE–300 CE) · Maikop / Yamnaya / Catacomb / Sarmatian
Stratified Maikop–Catacomb–Sarmatian kurgan cemetery (3600 BCE–300 CE) — Caucasus-steppe anchor.
🇦🇲 Armenia · Rock art
Areni-1 Cave Complex
Late Chalcolithic (Areni phase, 4300–3400 BCE) · Areni / Late Chalcolithic South Caucasus (related to Maykop-Leyla Tepe)
Armenian Chalcolithic wine-cave with 3500 BCE shoe, winery and ibex petroglyphs.
🇦🇲 Armenia · Earthwork
Armenian Desert Kites – Mount Aragats & Syunik
Bronze Age to Early Iron Age · Kura-Araxes to Trialeti pastoralists
20 high-altitude kites on Mount Aragats (3000–800 BCE)—Caucasus extension 1,200 km from Levant.
🇷🇺 Russia · Tumulus
Kelermes Royal Kurgan — Ciscaucasian Scythian Chieftain (Adygea, Kuban)
Early Scythian (pre-Kelermes to Kelermes phase, 8th–7th c BCE aftermath of Near Eastern campaign) · North Caucasian Scythian–Meotian (Cimmerian substrate + returning Scythian)
Adygean Scythian–Cimmerian kurgans (670–640 BCE) with Assyrian mirror and earliest gold-scabbard akinakes.
🇷🇺 Russia · Tumulus
Kostromskaya Kurgan – Maikop Iron Canopy Grave
Early Iron Age, Early Scythian (Kuban group) · Early Scythian (Kubano–Chernogorovka) proto-Scythian elite
7th-c. BCE 30-m Maikop-Mounded Scythian tent-canopy grave with iron-shod poles and 22 horse sacrifice.
🇬🇪 Georgia · Archaeological wonder
Dzalisi
Dzalisi (Georgian: ძალისი) is a historic village in Georgia, located in the Mukhrani valley, 50 km northwest of Tbilisi, and 20 km northwest of Mtskheta.
🇬🇪 Georgia · Archaeological wonder
Keselo
Keselo (Georgian: კესელო) is a small medieval fortress just above the village of Omalo in Tusheti (historic geographic area in eastern Georgia).