🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Norşuntepe Village Extension — Keban Plain
Halaf to Urartian (5000 BCE–600 BCE) · Halaf → EBA Trans-Caucasian/Karaz → Urartian
EBA Keban village 2800 BCE — Karaz painted & copper crucible hamlet (Hauptmann).
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Çukuriçi Höyük
Late Neolithic through Early Bronze Age II (c.6700-2750 BCE) · Aegean-Neolithic to Chalcolithic to Western Anatolian EBA
Neolithic-EBA shoreline tell (6680-2750 BCE) at Ephesus — earliest Aegean copper workshop and EBA walled village.
🇷🇸 Serbia · Tell
Rudna Glava
Early Chalcolithic Vinča culture (c.5400–4500 BCE); Vinča A–D mining camps 5400–4650 BCE · Vinča (early Chalcolithic Danubian–Balkan copper pioneers)
Europe’s earliest copper mine (c.5400–4500 BCE) — 45 shafts with Vinča picks and firesetting on Danube gorge.
🇨🇾 Cyprus · Buried city
Enkomi – Buried Bronze Age Harbour of Alashiya, Mesaoria Plain
Late Bronze Age (1600–1050 BCE) · Cypriot-Alashiyan / Mycenaean / Levantine
Alashiya capital 1600 BCE — Pedieos estuary harbour 400x200 m silted 3 km inland with Cyclopean walls 15 m thick and copper oxhide ingots.
🇯🇴 Jordan · Tell
Khirbat en-Nahas
Chalcolithic through Nabataean; Iron Edomite peak · Feinan Chalcolithic → EBA → Edomite Iron → Nabataean
Feinan copper smelting metropolis (10 ha slag fields, Iron Edomite fortress) — Chalcolithic to Nabataean copper metropolis, biblical Punon with 100k tons 10th c. BCE slag.