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The catalogue
4 places to sift through. Narrow by kind, country, period or how firmly each one is established — contested and pseudoarchaeological claims are labelled here, never hidden.
🇵🇹 Portugal · Ancient city
Chalcolithic – Early Bronze Age (c.3000–1700 BCE) · Vila Nova de São Pedro / Bell Beaker (Estremadura)
Atlantic Copper Age hilltop proto-town (3000–1700 BCE) with walls, bastions, barbican and Bell Beaker metallurgy.
🇵🇹 Portugal · Ancient city
Chalcolithic (c.3000–2000 BCE) · Vila Nova de São Pedro (Iberian Chalcolithic / Bell Beaker)
Iberian Chalcolithic type-site (3000–2000 BCE) — three-walled fortified settlement with bastions and copper workshop on Tagus plain.
🇵🇹 Portugal · Ancient city
Late Bronze to Roman (c.900 BCE–100 CE) · Castro culture (Calaici–Bracari coastal)
Cividade de Terroso (Late Bronze Age–Roman, c.900 BCE–100 CE) on a 153-m hill 5 km east of Póvoa de Varzim beach is the coastal anchor of the Ave–Cávado castro system, a 12-hectare walled town with…
🇵🇹 Portugal · Ancient city
Iron Age to Roman (c.800 BCE–300 CE) · Castro culture (Bracari, Celtic Lusitanian transition)
Citânia de Briteiros (Iron Age c.800 BCE–300 CE, peak 200 BCE–100 CE) sprawls 24 ha over Monte São Romão 385 m above the Ave valley, northern Portugal's largest proto-urban castro with three ramparts…
