🇺🇦 Ukraine · Ancient city
Talianki – Cucuteni-Trypillia Mega-Settlement
Chalcolithic, Trypillia BII Cucuteni A-B · Cucuteni–Trypillia culture
3850 BCE 450-ha burnt-house proto-city—6,000 inhabitants, Europe's largest Chalcolithic settlement.
🇯🇴 Jordan · Geoglyph
Jabal Ithnayn East Col Kites (Twin Peaks Eastern Pass)
PPNB Late to LN (7000–5500 BCE) · Ithnayn twin-cone pass trappers (Maitland–Kheshabiyeh fringe)
6 pass-straddling kites 740 m: 900 m walls ascend 38° cone slopes to dual opposing pens in 420 m col — only ridge-break kite system.
🇧🇴 Bolivia · Earthwork
Llanos de Mojos — Cotoca Northern Causeway (Beni Causeway North, Mojos)
Casarabe (500–1400 CE) · Casarabe
Northern causeway of Cotoca in Mojos — 1.4 km ×10 m causeway with canals to forest island.
🇺🇸 United States · Geoglyph
Bouse Northern Wash Intaglios (La Posa Plain Extension)
Late Prehistoric (Patayan II–III) · Patayan / Hakataya (Yuman)
9+ Patayan intaglios (880 BP–1500 CE) on La Posa Plain north of Bouse — Colorado River style.
🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Poverty Point Mound B Summit
Formative to Mississippian (1500 BCE–1500 CE) · Woodland–Mississippian
Poverty Point Mound B Summit in Louisiana, West Carroll Parish, United States is a Formative to Mississippian (1500 BCE–1500 CE) earthwork attributed to Woodland–Mississippian.
🇨🇱 Chile · Geoglyph
Lluta Valley Geoglyphs
Late Intermediate Cabuza-San Miguel · Arica (Cabuza, Maytas-Chiribaya)
45+ Lluta Valley terrace geoglyphs (700-1300 CE) facing valley floor, bridging Azapa and Tarapaca traditions.
🇵🇪 Peru · Geoglyph
Toro Muerto Extended Geoglyph Field (La Caldera)
Middle Horizon to Late Intermediate · Wari / Chuquibamba
18 geometric and zoomorphic cleared geoglyphs (800–1200 CE) on La Caldera pampa south of Toro Muerto.
🇵🇪 Peru · Geoglyph
Chaviña Pampa Geoglyphs (Lucanas, Ayacucho)
Early Intermediate (Huarpa–Early Wari) · Huarpa / Rancha–Huarpa transition
18+ high-puna (3,200 m) trapezoids and zoomorphs (200 BCE–600 CE) linking Nazca to Wari highlands.
🇪🇨 Ecuador · Ancient village
Upano — Kilimope Southern Platform at Sangay Valley South (Upano South)
Formative to Regional Development (500 BCE – 600 CE) · Upano (Kilamope–Sangay) / Huapula
Southern platform village of Upano at Sangay South — 8 platforms 40×25 m and 600 m causeway.
🇰🇿 Kazakhstan · Tumulus
Besshatyr Royal Necropolis (Royal Mound 6 — Altyn-Emel, Semirechye)
Early Iron Age (Saka, 600–400 BCE) · Saka of Semirechye (Issyk–Besshatyr, eastern Saka)
31-mound Saka royal necropolis (600–400 BCE) — Ili River's 'Five Tents' with 105-m royal mound and log house.
🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia · Geoglyph
Harrat Rahah Kite Field – Tabuk Volcanic Field
Pre-Pottery Neolithic to Late Neolithic · Northwest Arabian Neolithic
37 high-elevation basalt kites (8000–5000 BCE) on Harrat Rahah — NW Saudi volcanic field.
🇪🇨 Ecuador · Ancient city
Tumaco–La Tolita
Late Formative – Classic (c.600 BCE–400 CE) Tumaco–La Tolita · Tumaco–La Tolita (Tumaco-La Tolita I-II)
Tumaco–La Tolita is the classic Late Formative Pacific lowland tradition spanning the Colombia–Ecuador border from Nariño (Tumaco) to Esmeraldas (Isla La Tolita / Pampa de Oro) at 5 m in…
🇯🇴 Jordan · Geoglyph
Harrat al-Harrah Kite Cluster (Eastern Jordan Highlands)
Neolithic (Late Pre-Pottery Neolithic B) · Late PPNB steppe-hunting tradition
Eastern rim kite chain of the Jordanian Harrat basalt plain (880 m, 31°02′21″N 37°30′00″E) where basalt peneplain meets limestone Hamad: 18 desert kites arrayed along 17 km N-S per Jibal…
🇮🇪 Ireland · Earthwork
Hill of Tara
Neolithic to Early Medieval (c.3400 BCE–1200 CE) · Neolithic → Iron Age La Tène → Early Medieval Gaelic
Ireland's paramount ceremonial landscape (142 ha) — Neolithic tomb, Lia Fáil kingship stone and Iron Age royal enclosure complex.
🇵🇪 Peru · Geoglyph
Quebrada Santo Domingo Geoglyphs
Late Formative to Early Intermediate (Salinar–Recuay) · Salinar / Recuay (Pashash)
40+ Salinar–Recuay cleared-pavement geoglyphs (500 BCE–400 CE) on Santa Valley quebrada fans.
🇮🇪 Ireland · Earthwork
Grianan of Aileach
Iron Age to Early Medieval (c.1000 BCE–1100 CE) · Iron Age Gaelic → Early Medieval Uí Néill
Donegal hilltop royal cashel (23.5 m diameter) on Greenan Mountain — northern Uí Néill kingship inauguration fort.
🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Leake Mounds
Middle Woodland to Early Mississippian (Swift Creek–Cartersville) · Woodland (Swift Creek) / Early Mississippian
Moated Swift Creek town (300 BCE–650 CE) with 3 mounds and circular ditch on Etowah River, Georgia.
🇨🇱 Chile · Geoglyph
Azapa Alto de Azapa Geoglyphs (Upper Azapa Precordillera)
Early Formative Alto Ramírez I–II · Alto Ramírez upper-valley
Upper Azapa precordillera: 18 steep-slope figures at 980 m marking valley bottleneck to highlands.
🇰🇿 Kazakhstan · Tumulus
Kyrykoba Kurgan Field — Sarmatian Royal Cemetery (Aktobe, West Kazakhstan)
Early to Middle Sarmatian (Sauromatian–Early Sarmatian, 500–350 BCE) · Sauromatian–Early Sarmatian (Prokhorovka transitional)
40+ Sarmatian royal mounds (5th–4th c BCE) with 820-g gold torque and Amazon warrior — West Kazakh Ural steppe.
🇯🇴 Jordan · Geoglyph
Wadi Rum Kite Corridor – Hisma Desert
Late Neolithic · Hisma Neolithic pastoralists
21 Late Neolithic sandstone kites (6000–4500 BCE) against Wadi Rum inselbergs — southernmost Levantine corridor.
🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Earthwork
Grime's Graves — Thetford, Norfolk
Late Neolithic to Early Bronze Age (c.3000–1900 BCE) · British Late Neolithic (Grooved Ware / Beaker)
Grime's Graves (c.3000–1900 BCE, peak c.2600 BCE) is a 36-hectare Neolithic flint-mining pockfield in Breckland heath near Brandon, with 433 shaft pits visible as dimples and one deep public pit 9.5…
🇲🇳 Mongolia · Tumulus
Bayan-Ula Khirigsuur & Deer Stone Valley – Khentii
Late Bronze to Early Iron · Deer Stone–Khirigsuur / Ulaanzuukh
45 khirigsuurs + 9 deer stones (1350–750 BCE) in Khentii sacred valley — double satellite circles.
🇵🇪 Peru · Geoglyph
Pampa Colorada Geoglyphs (Caravelí — Ayla Bridge)
Early Intermediate to Middle Horizon (Nazca-Caravelí / Huari) · Nazca-Caravelí desert pampa tradition
Broad, crimson deflation plain (890 m, 15°52′11″S 74°05′23″W per Maplandia 15.8697S 74.0897W) north of the Atico drainage, bearing 30+ linear geoglyphs: 90-310 m cleared lines, 45 m trapezoid, and…
🇬🇹 Guatemala · Pyramid
San Bartolo — Las Pinturas Pyramid and Temple of the Murals (Petén, Guatemala)
Preclassic (1000 BCE–250 CE), Late Preclassic 400–100 BCE · Maya (Lowland Preclassic)
Revolutionary Preclassic centre (400 BCE–200 CE) with 7-m-tall Late Preclassic murals — earliest Maya polychrome mythology preserved inside 10 m-high Las Pinturas pyramid (90x60 m base) beneath later…