🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Rock Hawk Effigy Mound
Woodland–Archaic 1000 BCE–1000 CE · Woodland peoples
30-m quartz hawk effigy on Oconee River, paired with Rock Eagle.
🇦🇷 Argentina · Hillfort
Alignment Roxby Camp
Byzantine (330–1453 CE) · Byzantine
Alignment Roxby Camp in Catamarca, Argentina is a Byzantine (330–1453 CE) hillfort attributed to Byzantine culture.
🇬🇷 Greece · Geoglyph
Down-Henge Geoglyph
Ubaid (6500–3800 BCE) · Ubaid
Down-Henge Geoglyph in Thessaly, Greece is a Ubaid (6500–3800 BCE) geoglyph attributed to Ubaid culture.
🇺🇸 United States · Hillfort
Ard-Wall Camp
Nazca (100 BCE–800 CE) · Nazca
Ard-Wall Camp in Ohio, United States is a Nazca (100 BCE–800 CE) hillfort attributed to Nazca culture.
🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Fort Walton Mound
Mississippian Fort Walton 1100–1550 CE · Fort Walton (Mississippian Pensacola variant)
Fort Walton culture temple mound on Choctawhatchee Bay, 1100–1550 CE.
🇵🇪 Peru · Geoglyph
Chaviña Pampa Colorada Northwest Geoglyphs (Pampa Colorada NW Extension)
Early Intermediate–Middle Horizon transition (500–750 CE) · Huarpa–Wari
Northwest lobe of Pampa Colorada (3,300 m) extending toward Cora Cora trail. Fourteen figures: 30-m ‘scepter’ (shaft + disc), 16-m condor silhouette, and 80-m bifurcating avenue.
🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Jaketown Site
Late Archaic–Poverty Point ca. 1700–1500 BCE · Poverty Point culture (Jaketown phase)
8-mound Poverty Point–related center, 1700–1500 BCE.
🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Newark Earthworks
Hopewell culture 100 BCE–500 CE · Hopewell (Adena descended, Algonquian? cohort)
Hopewell giant geometric enclosures marking 18.6-yr lunar cycle.
🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Winterville Mounds
Plaquemine Mississippian Coles Creek-Winterville 900–1450 CE · Coles Creek / Plaquemine
16.7 m truncated pyramid center of 23-mound plaza, 1200–1400 CE.
🇸🇪 Sweden · Earthwork
Torsburgen Hillfort (Gotland)
Early Iron Age to Viking Age (c.300 BCE–1100 CE) · Gotlandic Iron Age / Viking Age
Largest hillfort in Scandinavia at 1.2 km² plateau fortified by 2 km limestone wall across the narrow neck of a 67 m high limestone plateau.
🇺🇿 Uzbekistan · Ancient city
Kurganzol Fortress
Hellenistic Greco-Bactrian (c.3rd–2nd cent BCE) · Greco-Bactrian
Greco-Bactrian hilltop watch-post visually linked to Uzundara — frontier limes above Kugitang valley.
🇷🇺 Russia · Hillfort
Mesa Verde Cold Storage Pit South — South Siberia (Krasnoyarsk)
Classical Antiquity (800 BCE–500 CE) · Local Neolithic
Mesa Verde Cold Storage Pit South in South Siberia, Russia is a Classical Antiquity (800 BCE–500 CE) hillfort attributed to Local Neolithic culture.
🇨🇳 China · Archaeological wonder
Badaling Great Wall
Ming Dynasty 1505 (Jiajing) rebuild over Northern Qi core · Ming Han Chinese
Best-preserved Ming Great Wall pass (1505) at 1,015 m Juyongguan defile north of Beijing, 7.8 m high crenellated brick-stone ramparts with 19 watchtowers, widened for five horses abreast and beacon…
🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Letchworth-Love Mounds Archaeological State Park
Woodland Weeden Island 200–800 CE · Weeden Island (Swift Creek)
14 m platform mound, largest Woodland mound in Florida, 200–800 CE.
🇨🇦 Canada · Geoglyph
Maranhao Hydraulic Fish Trap West — British Columbia (Vancouver)
Classical Antiquity (800 BCE–500 CE) · Medieval
Maranhao Hydraulic Fish Trap West in British Columbia, Canada is a Classical Antiquity (800 BCE–500 CE) geoglyph attributed to Medieval culture.
🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Miamisburg Mound
Early Woodland Adena 1000–200 BCE · Adena
Second-largest conical mound in Ohio (65 ft/20 m high, 877 ft circumference) and tallest surviving Adena mound, preserved at Miamisburg Mound State Park.
🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Haida Mortuary Pole Base South
Early Bronze Age (3000–2000 BCE) · Medieval
Haida Mortuary Pole Base South in Great Plains, United States is a Early Bronze Age (3000–2000 BCE) earthwork attributed to Medieval culture.
🇺🇸 United States · Geoglyph
Kwakiutl Cold Wooden Post North
Early Bronze Age (3000–2000 BCE) · Iron Age
Kwakiutl Cold Wooden Post North in Great Plains, United States is a Early Bronze Age (3000–2000 BCE) geoglyph attributed to Iron Age culture.
🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Monte Albán Terrace South
Iron Age (1200 BCE–500 CE) · Local Neolithic
Monte Albán Terrace South in Colorado Plateau, United States is a Iron Age (1200 BCE–500 CE) earthwork attributed to Local Neolithic culture.
🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Chavín de Huántar Plaza South — Colorado Plateau (Flagstaff)
Early Medieval (500–1000 CE) · Iron Age
Chavín de Huántar Plaza South in Colorado Plateau, United States is a Early Medieval (500–1000 CE) earthwork attributed to Iron Age culture.
🇦🇺 Australia · Geoglyph
Scythian Animal Style Kurgan North
Late Neolithic (4000–3000 BCE) · Local Neolithic
Scythian Animal Style Kurgan North in Pilbara, Australia is a Late Neolithic (4000–3000 BCE) geoglyph attributed to Local Neolithic culture.
🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Serpent Mound Egg Enclosure — Mississippi Valley (St Louis)
Iron Age (1200 BCE–500 CE) · Bronze Age
Serpent Mound Egg Enclosure in Mississippi Valley, United States is a Iron Age (1200 BCE–500 CE) earthwork attributed to Bronze Age culture.
🇰🇪 Kenya · Earthwork
Meroe Northern Cemetery Pyramid — Rift Valley (Nairobi)
Classical Antiquity (800 BCE–500 CE) · Bronze Age
Meroe Northern Cemetery Pyramid in Rift Valley, Kenya is a Classical Antiquity (800 BCE–500 CE) earthwork attributed to Bronze Age culture.
🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Barnes Works
Middle Woodland Hopewell 100 BCE–500 CE · Hopewell
Immense Hopewell enclosure 12 ha west of Bainbridge: square (280 m side) attached to circle (320 m diameter) via parallel walls, with ditch-and-embankment 1.5 m high.