🇦🇺 Australia · Hillfort
Sahara Kite V-Shaped Wall West
Late Neolithic (4000–3000 BCE) · Bronze Age
Sahara Kite V-Shaped Wall West in Pilbara, Australia is a Late Neolithic (4000–3000 BCE) hillfort attributed to Bronze Age culture.
🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Hillfort
Crug Hywel Hillfort and Cairn — Llangorse
Bronze Age cairn; Iron Age hillfort · Welsh Bronze Age to Iron Age
Crug Hywel Hillfort and Cairn — Llangorse in Powys, Wales, United Kingdom is a Bronze Age cairn; Iron Age hillfort hillfort attributed to Welsh Bronze Age to Iron Age.
🇸🇪 Sweden · Hillfort
Geoglyph Hill Figure North — Lapland (Jokkmokk)
Early Bronze Age (3000–2000 BCE) · Iron Age
Geoglyph Hill Figure North in Lapland, Sweden is a Early Bronze Age (3000–2000 BCE) hillfort attributed to Iron Age culture.
🇱🇾 Libya · Fortified city
Zinchecra — Garamantian Ridge Citadel above Germa
Garamantian Early (900–500 BCE pre-Garma) · Early Garamantian hillfort → Garamantian state origin
Zinchecra excavated by Mattingly 1990s, earliest Garamantian fort prior to valley Garama.
🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Hillfort
Danebury Hillfort
Iron Age (550 BCE–100 CE) · Iron Age Wessex (Atrebates)
Type-site Iron Age hillfort (c. 550 BCE) covering 5 hectares on a chalk ridge north-west of Winchester.
🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Hillfort
Chûn Castle Hillfort — Penwith
Iron Age (300 BCE) · Dumnonii
Chûn Castle Hillfort — Penwith in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom is a Iron Age (300 BCE) hillfort attributed to Dumnonii.
🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Hillfort
Dodman Point Cliff Fort
Iron Age (300 BCE) · Dumnonii
Dodman Point Cliff Fort in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom is a Iron Age (300 BCE) hillfort attributed to Dumnonii.
🇸🇰 Slovakia · Ancient city
Nitra Castle and Martin's Hill – Princely Seat
Early Middle Ages (7th–12th c. Principality of Nitra; Great Moravian 833–907) · Principality of Nitra / Great Moravia (Pribina, Svatopluk)
Nitra Castle and Martin's Hill – Princely Seat in Nitra Region, Nitra city, Castle Hill and Martin's Hill, Slovakia is a Early Middle Ages (7th–12th c.
🇵🇱 Poland · Earthwork
Sopot Grodzisko Early Medieval Stronghold
Early Middle Ages (8th–10th c., Pomeranian Slavs) · Pomeranian Slavs (Wieclet tribe) / Piast expansion
Sopot Grodzisko Early Medieval Stronghold in Pomeranian Voivodeship, Sopot city, Grodzisko hill, Haffnera street, Poland is a Early Middle Ages (8th–10th c., Pomeranian Slavs) Pomeranian Slavs…
🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Earthwork
Carn Ingli Hillfort
Iron Age (c.500 BCE–100 CE) with Bronze Age cairn · Iron Age Welsh (Demetae) / Early Medieval
Rocky tor-top hillfort (343 m) above Newport — stone-rampart contour fort with hut circles on Mynydd Carningli.
🇱🇹 Lithuania · Earthwork
Asveja Lake Hillfort and Dubingiai Castle Complex
Middle Ages (14th–17th c. with Iron Age hillfort predecessor) · Grand Duchy of Lithuania (Vytautas, Radvila family)
Asveja Lake Hillfort and Dubingiai Castle Complex in Vilnius County, Molėtai–Dubingiai, Asveja lake bridge area, Lithuania is a Middle Ages (14th–17th c.
🇱🇻 Latvia · Hillfort
Sēlpils
Late Iron Age Selian 9th–13th c Selonia (Baltic) Livonian horizon · Selian Baltic (Sēļi) — Selonia tribe between Latgals and Semigals
Sēlpils (Selburg, Selian *Sēlija*) — Selian tribal hillfort (Late Iron Age 9th–13th c, Livonian 1208 burning, Order stone castle 1373) on Daugava right bank 15 km south Jēkabpils opposite Staburags…
🇪🇸 Spain · Ancient village
Castro de Baroña Coastal Annex Terrace — Northern Annex
Iron Age (800 BCE-100 CE) · Castro Culture
Castro de Baroña Coastal Annex Terrace — Northern Annex in Galicia, A Coruna, Spain is a Iron Age (800 BCE-100 CE) ancient village attributed to Castro Culture.
🇸🇰 Slovakia · Fortress
Bojna
Early Medieval Great Moravian frontier 800–950 (830–900 peak) · Great Moravian Slav frontier elite (Mojmirid) + Carolingian Frankish
Bojná-Valy — Great Moravian frontier stronghold system (c.800–950, peak 830–900) at Považský Inovec foothills above Bojňanka stream, comprising Valy 12 ha fort, Bojná I–III forts covering 20 ha, 3…
🇪🇸 Spain · Ancient village
Castro de Baroña Coastal Annex Terrace
Iron Age (800 BCE-100 CE) · Castro Culture
Castro de Baroña Coastal Annex Terrace in Galicia, A Coruna, Spain is a Iron Age (800 BCE-100 CE) ancient village attributed to Castro Culture.
🇮🇪 Ireland · Earthwork
Hill of Tara
Neolithic to Early Medieval (c.3400 BCE–1200 CE) · Neolithic → Iron Age La Tène → Early Medieval Gaelic
Ireland's paramount ceremonial landscape (142 ha) — Neolithic tomb, Lia Fáil kingship stone and Iron Age royal enclosure complex.
🇦🇷 Argentina · Buried city
Pukará de Tastil — Quebrada del Toro–Rosario Extension (Salta)
Late Intermediate to Inca (c.1250 – 1430 CE) · Atacameno / Tastileño / Inca phase
Tastil's northern Quebrada del Toro–Rosario ridge extension — 400 m double wall, terraced fields and chullpa towers linking two valleys 3340 m.
🇮🇪 Ireland · Earthwork
Grianan of Aileach
Iron Age to Early Medieval (c.1000 BCE–1100 CE) · Iron Age Gaelic → Early Medieval Uí Néill
Donegal hilltop royal cashel (23.5 m diameter) on Greenan Mountain — northern Uí Néill kingship inauguration fort.
🇮🇪 Ireland · Earthwork
Dún Aonghasa
Late Bronze Age to Early Medieval (c.1100 BCE–800 CE) · Atlantic Iron Age / Early Medieval Gaelic
Cliff-edge triple stone fort on Inishmore (6 ha) with massive chevaux-de-frise of jagged limestone — Ireland's most dramatic hillfort.
🇱🇻 Latvia · Hillfort
Asote
Late Iron Age Baltic 10th–13th c Livonian Crusade horizon · Latgallian–Semigallian Baltic (Daugava chain, Henry 1208)
Asote — Latgallian–Semigallian hillfort (Late Iron Age 10th–13th c, Livonian Crusade destruction 1208/1215) on Daugava left bank near Gostiņi 10 km west Jēkabpils, Central Latvia.
🇷🇺 Russia · Submerged site
Toricos — Toretae Harbour South of Gorgippia (Anapa Cape)
Archaic to Hellenistic (c.600–100 BCE) · Sindian / Toretae with Greek imports
Toretae promontory harbour on Anapa south cape — small ashlar fort and submerged cove 1–3 m, Sindic coast chain between Bata and Gorgippia.
🇪🇸 Spain · Ancient city
Castro de Santa Trega — A Guarda
Iron Age (c.600 BCE–100 CE) · Castro culture (Gallaeci Bracari, Celtic)
Castro de Santa Trega (Iron Age c.600–0 BCE, revived 100 BCE–100 CE) crowns the 341-m Santa Tegra mountain at the Miño–Atlantic confluence overlooking Portugal, a 7-hectare terraced castro-city of…
🇱🇻 Latvia · Earthwork
Mežotne Hillfort on the Lielupe
Viking Age to Middle Ages (9th–13th c.) · Semigallian / Livonian Order
Mežotne Hillfort on the Lielupe in Zemgale, Bauska Municipality, Mežotne on Lielupe, Latvia is a Viking Age to Middle Ages (9th–13th c.) Semigallian / Livonian Order site built 9th c.
🇩🇪 Germany · Hillfort
Heuneburg Celtic Hillfort
Late Hallstatt to Early La Tène (c.620–450 BCE) · Early Celtic (Hallstatt)
Principal Early Celtic princely seat on the Upper Danube, the Heuneburg is a 10 ha hillfort plateau above the Danube at Hundersingen with a Mediterranean-style mudbrick wall (c.600 BCE, unique north…