🇵🇪 Peru · Geoglyph
Toro Muerto Geoglyphs
Middle Horizon to Late Intermediate Wari-Chuquibamba · Wari-influenced Chuquibamba/Majes
60+ volcanic-pavement geoglyphs (600-1200 CE) beside Toro Muerto petroglyphs, Majes Valley ritual plateau.
🇷🇺 Russia · Rock art
Kalbak-Tash II — Yaloman Chuya Bluff Petroglyphs
Neolithic to Turkic · Afanasievo, Andronovo, Scythian-Pazyryk, Turkic
Yaloman Chuya bluff 8 km north of Kalbak-Tash with 3000 petroglyphs, Afanasievo Deer Mother and tamga alley.
🇦🇲 Armenia · Rock art
Arpa River Petroglyphs — Vayots Dzor
Early Bronze to Medieval (Kura-Araxes to Orbelian) · Kura-Araxes to medieval Armenian–Seljuk caravaneer
Vayots Dzor Arpa gorge 400 leopard–goat and caravan cup-marks 3000 BCE–1332 CE linking Ughtasar high to Silk Road Selim.
🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia · Rock art
Bir Hima Rock Petroglyphs and Inscriptions
Neolithic to Islamic (7000 BCE–1000 CE, peak South Arabian caravan 500 BCE–600 CE) · Neolithic hunter-pastoralists then South Arabian caravaneers (Qataban, Saba, Nabataean)
Caravan UNESCO 2021 on Najran incense route: 550 panels 100k petroglyphs 7000 BCE–Islamic with 28 caravan wells.
🇷🇺 Russia · Rock art
Sayan Canyon Petroglyphs — Great Yenisey
Early Bronze to Medieval (Okunevo to Tagar to Yeniseian Kyrgyz runic) · Okunevo, Andronovo, Karasuk, Tagar Scythian, Yenisei Kyrgyz
Yenisey Sayan Gorge 200 panels Okunevo masks to Tagar scythians 2800 BCE–700 CE, half drowned by Sayano dam.
🇮🇳 India · Archaeological wonder
Bagor
Mesolithic (7000–2800) → Chalcolithic (2800 BCE–500 BCE) · Mesolithic Mewar microlithic → Ahar-Chalcolithic (Mewar)
Type-site for Mewar Mesolithic (c.7000–500 BCE) on the Mahasati dune above the Kothari River west of Bhilwara — India's largest excavated Mesolithic habitation (1967–70 by V.N. Misra and L.S.
🇨🇳 China · Rock art
Helan Mountains South Gorge — Helankou South Rock Art Park II
Bronze Age to Medieval · Xiongnu, Xianbei, Dangxiang Tangut, Mongol
Helankou south branch with 312 panels, Western Xia sun masks and tiger-bharal frieze, 1000 BCE–1200 CE.
🇰🇿 Kazakhstan · Rock art
Tamgaly-Tas II — Ili River South Bank Petroglyphs
Iron Age to Early Modern · Saka (Scythian), Dzungar Oirat Mongol, Kazakh
Ili River south bank continuation of 17th-century Tamgaly-Tas Buddhist carvings with Saka animal style underneath.
🇲🇳 Mongolia · Rock art
Tsagaan Salaa Central Panel
Upper Palaeolithic to Early Bronze · Palaeolithic Kalgutinsky, Afanasievo, Chemurchek, Okunev
Mid-valley of Tsagaan Salaa with Late Pleistocene bulls under Bronze elk on same boulders.
🇱🇾 Libya · Rock art
Jebel Uweinat Satellite Rock Art — Western Libyan Desert
Holocene Pastoral (Neolithic to Iron Age) · Early Pastoral Saharan hunter-pastoralists, later Garamantian fringe
Western Jebel Uweinat satellite wadis with 300 cattle-pastoral panels 5000–3000 BCE.
🇸🇴 Somalia · Rock art
Laas Geel Rock Art Complex
Early to Mid Holocene (7000–3000 BCE) · Early Pastoral Neolithic of the Horn (pre-Cushitic pastoralists)
Somaliland granite shelters 20 panels polychrome longhorn cattle 7000–3000 BCE.
🇨🇳 China · Rock art
Zuojiang Huashan North Ningming Rock Art
Warring States to Western Han · Luoyue / Zhuang ancestors
North Mingjiang tributary cliffs with 210 frog-men and scaffold postholes.
🇷🇺 Russia · Rock art
Chuya Steppe — Kosh-Agach Geoglyph Petroglyphs
Iron Age to Medieval · Pazyryk-Scythian, Xiongnu, Turkic, Mongol
Kosh-Agach Chuya steppe 1750 m with 800 petroglyphs, Pazyryk deer-stone stag and 80-ibex super-panel.
🇸🇴 Somaliland · Rock art
Karinhegane Rock Art (Castellated Shelter)
Neolithic pastoral to Recent (2500 BCE–1000 CE) · Pastoral Cushitic → Somali
Gorge system of 10 shelters with Somaliland's most naturalistic pastoral bovines, giraffes and elongated humans.
🇰🇬 Kyrgyzstan · Rock art
Saimaluu-Tash West Valley — Fergana Range High Petroglyphs
Bronze Age to Medieval · Andronovo, Saka, Wusun, Turkic
West cirque of Saimaluu-Tash at 3120 m with 1072 boulders, Andronovo ploughing and shaman processions.
🇨🇱 Chile · Rock art
El Médano Petroglyphs — Atacama Fishing Cult
Archaic to Formative (4000 BCE – 500 CE) · Taltal-Chango maritime foragers (Caleta Huelén) of coastal Atacama
Chilean coastal boulders 2,500 balsa-whale fishing petroglyphs 4000 BCE–500 CE, earliest American mariners.
🇵🇪 Peru · Rock art
Toro Muerto West Extension (Uraca Ravine)
Middle Horizon (Wari) with Early Intermediate roots · Wari / Majes rock-art style
Western periphery (620 m) of the 5 km² Toro Muerto boulder field (Dead Bull), the largest Andean petroglyph complex: ~3,000 volcanic boulders engraved (Wari 500-1000 CE, with earlier Preceramic).
🇺🇦 Ukraine · Rock art
Kamyana Mohyla (Stone Grave)
Late Palaeolithic to Medieval (20 ka BCE – 12th c. CE) · Epipalaeolithic, Sredny Stog, Yamna, Catacomb, Scythian, Sarmatian, Turkic steppe cultures
Azov steppe sandstone hill with 87 grottoes and 3,000 petroglyphs from Palaeolithic to Turkic.
🇨🇳 China · Rock art
Helan Mountains Suyukou South Rock Art
Early Bronze to Yuan · Qiang, Xiongnu, Xianbei, Mongol (Helan corridor pastoralists)
South Suyukou gully 4 km south of Helankou with 600 shamanic mask petroglyphs.
🇷🇺 Russia · Rock art
Ignatievka Cave (Yamazy-Tash)
Upper Palaeolithic to Medieval (18 ka BCE – 15th c. CE) · Upper Palaeolithic South Ural (Mal'ta-related) with Mesolithic and Iron Age ritual visitors
South Ural ice cave with Venus-mammoth charcoal paintings 14 ka and red dot calendar.
🇰🇿 Kazakhstan · Rock art
Tamgaly II — Kungei Gorge Petroglyphs
Bronze Age to Turkic · Andronovo-Fedorovo, Saka, Turkic
Kungei secondary gorge 800 m north of Tamgaly UNESCO site with 400 Middle Bronze sun-head petroglyphs.
🇨🇳 China · Rock art
Dahekou Rock Paintings
Bronze Age to Tibetan Empire (Shang-Zhou to Tubo) · Qiang, Proto-Tibetan, Tibetan Bon
Garzê red cliff 300 figures yak-sun Qiang-Tibetan 1500 BCE–8th c. CE.
🇺🇦 Ukraine · Rock art
Kamennyye Mogily East Sandstone Plateau
Eneolithic to Early Bronze Age · Sredny Stog, Yamnaya
East plateau of Kamyana Mohyla with 18 grottoes, Eneolithic stag and foot-sole pecked slabs.
🇺🇬 Uganda · Rock art
Nyero Rock Paintings
Later Stone Age to Early Iron Age (2000 BCE – 500 CE) · Later Stone Age Twa and early Ateker (Nilotic) groups
Ugandan inselberg 3 panels 16-m concentric circle rain art 2000 BCE–500 CE.