🇬🇹 Guatemala · Rock-cut
Avenue-Tel Kistvaen Rock-Cut Complex
Yayoi (300 BCE–300 CE) · Yayoi
Avenue-Tel Kistvaen Rock-Cut Complex in Petén, Guatemala is a Yayoi (300 BCE–300 CE) rock_cut attributed to Yayoi culture.
🇯🇴 Jordan · Rock-cut
Ed-Deir, Petra
Nabataean kingdom
Ed-Deir (Arabic: الدير, lit. 'The Monastery'), also spelled el-Deir and ad-Deir/ad-Dayr, is a monumental building carved out of rock in the ancient city of Petra in southern Jordan.
🇪🇹 Ethiopia · Rock-cut
Lalibela Biete Qeddus Mercoreos Cliff Cell Annex — Western Terrace
Medieval (1100-1300 CE) · Zagwe
Lalibela Biete Qeddus Mercoreos Cliff Cell Annex — Western Terrace in Amhara, Lalibela, Ethiopia is a Medieval (1100-1300 CE) rock_cut attributed to Zagwe.
🇮🇳 India · Rock-cut
Jogeshwari Caves
Early Medieval (Gupta–Kalchuri) · Shaivite Brahminical after Buddhist vihara phase
Mumbai megalithic 6th-c Hindu cave 47×32 m with 6 pillars, largest Jogeshwari early Shiva adaptation.
🇮🇷 Iran · Rock-cut
Bisotun — Heracles Relief Ancillary Niche (Kermanshah)
Bronze to Iron Age (2000 BCE–300 CE) · Rock-cut tradition
Bisotun — Heracles Relief Ancillary Niche (Kermanshah) in Kermanshah, Bisotun, Iran is a Bronze to Iron Age (2000 BCE–300 CE) rock_cut attributed to Rock-c…
🇸🇾 Syria · Rock-cut
Emesa — South Rock-Cut Tomb Niche (Homs)
Bronze to Iron Age (2000 BCE–300 CE) · Rock-cut tradition
Emesa — South Rock-Cut Tomb Niche (Homs) in Homs, Homs Old City, Emesa, Syria is a Bronze to Iron Age (2000 BCE–300 CE) rock_cut attributed to Rock-cut tra…
🇫🇷 France · Rock-cut
Hypogee des Crottes de Rouaix II — Southern Extension
Chalcolithic (3000-2300 BCE) · Chalcolithic
Hypogee des Crottes de Rouaix II — Southern Extension in Provence, Vaucluse, France is a Chalcolithic (3000-2300 BCE) rock_cut attributed to Chalcolithic.
🇲🇹 Malta · Rock-cut
Hal Tarxien Hypogeum Extension North — Eastern Outlier
Late Neolithic (3600-2500 BCE) · Temple Period
Hal Tarxien Hypogeum Extension North — Eastern Outlier in Malta, Paola, Malta is a Late Neolithic (3600-2500 BCE) rock_cut attributed to Temple Period.
🇨🇳 China · Rock-cut
Kangla Grottoes (Minhe) — Yellow River Tibetan Fringe
Northern Dynasties to Qing (Western Wei to 19th c.) · Han-Tibetan Buddhist communities of Longxi
Yellow River Tibetan fringe 5-cave scarp Western Wei 540 CE seated Buddha with Tibetan repaint.
🇹🇭 Thailand · Rock-cut
Chashma Dara Rock-Cut Complex
Ancestral Pueblo (900–1350 CE) · Ancestral Pueblo
Chashma Dara Rock-Cut Complex in Buriram Province, Thailand is a Ancestral Pueblo (900–1350 CE) rock_cut attributed to Ancestral Pueblo culture.
🇨🇳 China · Rock-cut
Xiangtangshan Northern Grottoes — Fengfeng North Cave
Northern Dynasties (Northern Qi imperial) · Northern Qi Imperial Buddhist (Ye capital Gao clan)
Qi royal 9-cave north cluster 550–577 North Cave Buddha with 1909 Freer looting and 3D reunion.
🇮🇹 Italy · Rock-cut
Pantalica Anaktoron South Necropolis Ridge
Late Bronze Age (1300-800 BCE) · Sicel Culture
Pantalica Anaktoron South Necropolis Ridge in Sicily, Syracuse, Italy is a Late Bronze Age (1300-800 BCE) rock_cut attributed to Sicel Culture.
🇨🇳 China · Rock-cut
Tiantangshan (Weizi Mountain) Grottoes — Quyang Hebei
Northern Dynasties to Tang (Northern Qi 550–577 peak) · North China Buddhist imperial patronage (Qi and Tang)
Quyang white-marble mountain 12 caves 550–750 CE South Cave Vairocana, quarry-monastery.
🇬🇷 Greece · Rock-cut
Armenoi (archaeological site)
Minoan civilization · Minoan civilization
Armenoi is the archaeological site of an ancient Minoan cemetery on the north coast of Crete, roughly 8 kilometres (5 miles) south of the modern town of Rethymnon and close to the Minoan peak…
🇬🇷 Greece · Rock-cut
Moss Cairn Rock-Cut Complex
Moche (100–800 CE) · Moche
Moss Cairn Rock-Cut Complex in Thessaly, Greece is a Moche (100–800 CE) rock_cut attributed to Moche culture.
🇮🇱 Israel · Rock-cut
Monolith of Silwan
the First Temple period
Rock-cut tomb located in Silwan, Jerusalem
