🇺🇸 United States · Cave
Gatecliff Shelter
Great Basin Archaic (6300 BCE – 1300 CE) · Great Basin Archaic
Gatecliff Shelter in Nevada, United States is a Great Basin Archaic (6300 BCE – 1300 CE) cave attributed to Great Basin Archaic culture.
🇮🇳 India · Rock art
Chandra Shila — Rock Shelter West Face (Mizoram)
Upper Palaeolithic to Iron Age (30000 BCE–500 CE) · Palaeolithic to Iron Age
Chandra Shila — Rock Shelter West Face (Mizoram) in Mizoram, Lunglei, Chandra Shila, India is a Upper Palaeolithic to Iron Age (30000 BCE–500 CE) rock art …
🇬🇷 Greece · Cave
Franchthi Cave — Paralia Lower Terrace Niche
Middle to Upper Palaeolithic (100000–12000 BP) · Mousterian / Upper Palaeolithic
Franchthi Cave — Paralia Lower Terrace Niche in Peloponnese, Argolis, Kilada, Greece is a Middle to Upper Palaeolithic (100000–12000 BP) cave attributed to…
🇨🇳 China · Cave
Xianrendong Cave
Paleolithic to Early Neolithic (20000–7500 BCE; pottery 12000 BCE) · Xianrendong–Diaotonghuan culture (world's earliest pottery)
Xianrendong Cave is the type site for the world's earliest pottery (12000 BCE) — 20 000-year stratigraphy with oldest pottery sherds, wild rice phytoliths (12000 BCE), and Paleolithic tools in…
🇺🇸 United States · Cave
Dust Cave
Paleo-Indian to Middle Archaic (10,500 – 4000 BCE) · Southeast Paleo-Indian / Early Archaic
Dust Cave in Alabama, United States is a Paleo-Indian to Middle Archaic (10,500 – 4000 BCE) cave attributed to Southeast Paleo-Indian / Early Archaic culture.
🇺🇸 United States · Cave
Russell Cave National Monument
Paleo-Indian to Mississippian (6500 BCE – 1000 CE) · Southeast Archaic to Woodland
Russell Cave National Monument in Alabama, United States is a Paleo-Indian to Mississippian (6500 BCE – 1000 CE) cave attributed to Southeast Archaic to Woodland culture.
🇮🇳 India · Rock art
Bhimbetka — Auditorium Cave Ancillary Panel
Upper Palaeolithic to Iron Age (30000 BCE–500 CE) · Palaeolithic to Iron Age
Bhimbetka — Auditorium Cave Ancillary Panel in Madhya Pradesh, Raisen, Bhimbetka, India is a Upper Palaeolithic to Iron Age (30000 BCE–500 CE) rock art att…
🇬🇷 Greece · Cave
Theopetra Cave — Middle Avra Gate (Thessaly)
Middle to Upper Palaeolithic (100000–12000 BP) · Mousterian / Upper Palaeolithic
Theopetra Cave — Middle Avra Gate (Thessaly) in Thessaly, Trikala, Theopetra, Greece is a Middle to Upper Palaeolithic (100000–12000 BP) cave attributed to…
🇭🇷 Croatia · Cave
Vindija Cave — Upper Layer G (Krapina-Zagorje)
Middle to Upper Palaeolithic (100000–12000 BP) · Mousterian / Upper Palaeolithic
Vindija Cave — Upper Layer G (Krapina-Zagorje) in Krapina-Zagorje, Donja Voća, Croatia is a Middle to Upper Palaeolithic (100000–12000 BP) cave attributed …
🇮🇱 Israel · Cave
Sefunim Cave
Upper Palaeolithic to Natufian (c.35,000–11,000 BP) · Levantine Aurignacian/Ahmarian → Kebaran → Natufian
North Carmel cave (c.35–11 ka, Kebaran–Natufian microliths, Ronen excavations) near Nahal Sefunim.
🇸🇩 Sudan · Cave
Qanat Grotto
Middle Bronze Age (2100–1550 BCE) · Middle Bronze Age
Qanat Grotto in River Nile State, Sudan is a Middle Bronze Age (2100–1550 BCE) cave attributed to Middle Bronze Age culture.
🇨🇱 Chile · Cave
Mound Cave
Mississippian (800–1600 CE) · Mississippian
Mound Cave in Coquimbo, Chile is a Mississippian (800–1600 CE) cave attributed to Mississippian culture.
🇬🇷 Greece · Rock shelter
Asprochaliko Rock Shelter
Middle to Upper Palaeolithic · Mousterian / Gravettian
Large limestone rock shelter in the Louros River valley, Epirus, excavated by Higgs (1964) revealing Mousterian to Upper Palaeolithic layers spanning 100,000–26,000 years BP.
🇫🇷 France · Rock shelter
Abri du Pape at Brassempouy
Upper Palaeolithic (Gravettian) · Gravettian / Noailles
Rock shelter at Brassempouy, Landes, famous for Gravettian occupation (29,000–22,000 BP) yielding the Dame de Brassempouy ivory Venus (23,000 BP) and eight other ivory figurines, with rich Gravettian…
🇺🇸 United States · Cave
Marmes Rockshelter
Paleo-Indian to Protohistoric (10,000 BCE – 1800 CE) · Columbia Plateau Paleo-Indian to Cayuse
Marmes Rockshelter in Washington, United States is a Paleo-Indian to Protohistoric (10,000 BCE – 1800 CE) cave attributed to Columbia Plateau Paleo-Indian to Cayuse culture.
🇱🇧 Lebanon · Cave
Ksar Akil
Middle to Upper Palaeolithic (c.50,000–20,000 BP) · Levallois-Mousterian → IUP → Levantine Aurignacian → Kebaran
Levantine UP type rockshelter (23 m, 50–20 ka, Egbert, IUP→Aurignacian) 10 km NE Beirut.
🇯🇴 Jordan · Ancient village
Wadi Hammeh
Epipalaeolithic to PPNA (c.15,000–11,000 BP) · Kebaran → Natufian → PPNA
Jordan Valley Natufian–PPNA rock-shelter cluster (c.15–11 ka, Kebaran→Natufian hamster, early barley).
🇭🇷 Croatia · Cave
Grapčeva Cave — Ancillary Niche B (Hvar Island)
Middle to Upper Palaeolithic (100000–12000 BP) · Mousterian / Upper Palaeolithic
Grapčeva Cave — Ancillary Niche B (Hvar Island) in Split-Dalmatia, Hvar Island, Croatia is a Middle to Upper Palaeolithic (100000–12000 BP) cave attributed…
🇮🇱 Israel · Cave
Tabun Cave
Lower to Middle Palaeolithic (c.500,000–40,000 BP) · Acheuleo-Yabrudian → Mousterian (Neanderthal)
Mount Carmel UNESCO cave (500–40 ka, 25 m sequence, Neanderthal Yabrudian–Mousterian, Garrod/Jelinek).
🇮🇷 Iran · Cave
Kunji Cave
Middle to Upper Palaeolithic (c.70,000–30,000 BP) · Zagros Mousterian → Baradostian
Lorestan cave 8 m deposits (70–30 ka, Mousterian→Baradostian, Neanderthal→UP) near Khorramabad.
🇱🇾 Libya · Rock shelter
Uan Muhuggiag Mummy Shelter — Acacus Dune Cave
Pastoral with Uan Muhuggiag mummy (5600 BCE oldest Africa embalmed) — shelter Late Acacus · Acacus Late Acacus hunter-pastoral
Muhuggiag excavated by Mori 1958, 7500 BCE hunter layers and 5600 BCE embalmed infant.
🇱🇾 Libya · Rock shelter
Tadrat Acacus — Ti-n-Torha East Shelter Pastoral
Acacus pastoral (7000–2000 BCE) radiocarboned · Acacus pastoral (Early Pastoral 6300–5400 BCE)
Acacus Ti-n-Torha excavated by Mori & Barich 1980s, 16k Acacus rock art site UNESCO.
🇺🇸 United States · Cave
Lovelock Cave
Lovelock Culture (2500 BCE – 1830 CE) · Lovelock / Paiute-Shoshone
Lovelock Cave in Nevada, United States is a Lovelock Culture (2500 BCE – 1830 CE) cave attributed to Lovelock / Paiute-Shoshone culture.
🇨🇦 Canada · Cave
Bluefish Caves
Late Pleistocene (24,000 – 12,000 BP) · Beringian Paleo-Indian
Bluefish Caves in Yukon, Canada is a Late Pleistocene (24,000 – 12,000 BP) cave attributed to Beringian Paleo-Indian culture.