🇮🇳 India · Rock-cut
Elephanta Caves
Late Gupta to Early Chalukya 5th–8th century CE · Hindu (Shaiva) and Buddhist under Kalachuri/Chalukya patronage
Rock-cut Shaiva cave complex on Elephanta Island with colossal Trimurti sculpture, 5th–8th c. CE.
🇮🇳 India · Temple complex
Brihadeeswarar Temple, Thanjavur
Chola 1003–1010 CE · Hindu (Shaiva, Tamil Chola)
Chola granite imperial vimana 66 m still tallest pre-modern; capstone ramp mystery.
🇮🇳 India · Rock art
Bhima Footprints Rock Art - Chhattisgarh
Mesolithic to Historic (8000 BCE–1500 CE) · Central Indian rock art tradition (Raigarh)
Bhima Bharos / Raigarh-Onakona – Chhattisgarh rock art province (Singhanpur, Kabra Pahad, Chitwa Dongri) with cupules, giant footprint petroglyphs ('Bhima footprints'), hunting scenes, geometric…
🇮🇳 India · Rock art
Adamgarh Hill North Rock Shelters
Mesolithic to Chalcolithic (9000–2000 BCE paintings) · Central Indian Mesolithic hunter-gatherer
Adamgarh Hill North – Narmada valley quartzite ridge south of Hoshangabad with 11+ Mesolithic rock shelters paintings (9000–3000 BCE) paralleling Bhimbetka 40km west.
🇮🇳 India · Megalith
Utnur — Mahbubnagar Ash Mound
South Indian Neolithic (2900–1800 BCE) · South Indian Neolithic cattle pastoralists
Utnur — Mahbubnagar Ash Mound in Telangana, India is a South Indian Neolithic (2900–1800 BCE) megalithic attributed to South Indian Neolithic cattle pastoralists.
🇮🇳 India · Rock-cut
Pitalkhora Caves — Aurangabad Basalt Vihara
Satavahana (200 BCE–300 CE) · Buddhist Hinayana and Mahayana
Pitalkhora Caves — Aurangabad Basalt Vihara in Maharashtra, India is a Satavahana (200 BCE–300 CE) rock_cut attributed to Buddhist Hinayana and Mahayana.
🇮🇳 India · Rock-cut
Kailasa North Mandapa — Ellora Cliff Terrace
Rashtrakuta (756–773 CE Krishna I) · Hindu Shaivite
Kailasa North Mandapa — Ellora Cliff Terrace in Maharashtra, India is a Rashtrakuta (756–773 CE Krishna I) rock_cut attributed to Hindu Shaivite.
🇮🇳 India · Ancient city
Champaner-Pavagadh Archaeological Park
Early Hindu 8th–11th c + Gujarat Sultanate 1484–1535 CE · Rajput / Chalukya Hindu + Gujarat Sultanate Islamic
Concentrated ensemble of 8th–16th c heritage within 1,329 ha: Chalukya hill fort and Lakulisa temples on Pavagadh (737 m cone), and Sultanate Champaner – pre-Mughal Islamic city (1484–1535) of Mahmud…
🇮🇳 India · Temple complex
Sarnath
Mauryan 3rd c BCE to Gupta 12th c CE (original 528 BCE) · Indian Buddhist (Mauryan, Gupta)
Sacred Buddhist deer park where Buddha gave first sermon Dhammacakkappavattana 528 BCE setting Wheel of Dharma in motion.
🇮🇳 India · Rock-cut
Jogeshwari Caves — Mumbai Cave Temple
Kalachuri (520–550 CE) · Shaivite Hindu
Jogeshwari Caves — Mumbai Cave Temple in Maharashtra, India is a Kalachuri (520–550 CE) rock_cut attributed to Shaivite Hindu.
🇮🇳 India · Tomb
Sultan Garhi — Qutb Outskirts Tomb
Delhi Sultanate (1231 CE Iltutmish) · Delhi Sultanate (Islamic)
Sultan Garhi — Qutb Outskirts Tomb in Delhi, India is a Delhi Sultanate (1231 CE Iltutmish) tomb attributed to Delhi Sultanate (Islamic).
🇮🇳 India · Rock-cut
Badami Cave Temples
Early Chalukya, 6th–7th century CE · Hindu and Jain under Early Chalukya dynasty
Four 6th-c. Chalukya sandstone cave temples at Vatapi with Nataraja and Vishnu iconography.
🇮🇳 India · Tell
Balathal — Banas Valley Settlement
Chalcolithic to Early Historic (3000 BCE–500 BCE) · Ahar-Banas
Balathal — Banas Valley Settlement in Rajasthan, India is a Chalcolithic to Early Historic (3000 BCE–500 BCE) tell attributed to Ahar-Banas.
🇮🇳 India · Cemetery
Farmana — Late Harappan Cemetery Burial Ground
Late Harappan (2000–1600 BCE) · Harappan Late (Cemetery H?)
Rohtak Farmana excavated by Shinde & Osada 2006–09, 42 skeletons with grave goods DNA later.
🇮🇳 India · Rock-cut
Ambivali Caves — Kalyan Hinterland
Early Historic (100 BCE–500 CE) · Buddhist
Ambivali Caves — Kalyan Hinterland in Maharashtra, India is a Early Historic (100 BCE–500 CE) rock_cut attributed to Buddhist. Small Buddhist cave cluster near Ulhas river with 2 viharas and chaitya.
🇮🇳 India · Megalith
Ori — Orsang Valley Megalithic Circle
Iron Age (800–300 BCE) · Chalcolithic–Iron Age transitional
Ori — Orsang Valley Megalithic Circle in Gujarat, India is a Iron Age (800–300 BCE) megalithic attributed to Chalcolithic–Iron Age transitional.
🇮🇳 India · Tell
Rojdi — Saurashtra Harappan Mound
Sorath Harappan (2500–1700 BCE) · Sorath Harappan (Saurashtra Sorath)
Rojdi — Saurashtra Harappan Mound in Gujarat, India is a Sorath Harappan (2500–1700 BCE) tell attributed to Sorath Harappan (Saurashtra Sorath).
🇮🇳 India · Tell
Shikarpur — Kutch Harappan Port Mound
Mature Harappan (2500–1900 BCE) · Harappan
Shikarpur — Kutch Harappan Port Mound in Gujarat, India is a Mature Harappan (2500–1900 BCE) tell attributed to Harappan. Coastal Harappan port mound with Harappan and Sorath ware at Gulf of Kutch.
🇮🇳 India · Tell
Kanmer — Kutch Harappan Fort
Mature Harappan (2600–1900 BCE) · Harappan
Kanmer — Kutch Harappan Fort in Gujarat, India is a Mature Harappan (2600–1900 BCE) tell attributed to Harappan. Fortified Harappan town with 2 m walls and bead workshops near Little Rann.
🇮🇳 India · Megalith
Karkabhat — Chhattisgarh Megalith Circle
Iron Age (700–200 BCE) · Chhattisgarh megalithic
Karkabhat — Chhattisgarh Megalith Circle in Chhattisgarh, India is a Iron Age (700–200 BCE) megalithic attributed to Chhattisgarh megalithic.
🇮🇳 India · Tell
Kuntasi — Phulki River Harappan Port
Mature Harappan (2200–1900 BCE) · Harappan
Kuntasi — Phulki River Harappan Port in Gujarat, India is a Mature Harappan (2200–1900 BCE) tell attributed to Harappan. Harappan port jetty 200 m with stone anchor and warehouses on Phulki creek.
🇮🇳 India · Ancient city
Banawali — Harappan Barracks Site Haryana
Pre-Harappan to Late Harappan (2800–1500 BCE) · Harappan
Banawali excavated by Bisht 1973–, with barracks and seal of unicorn.
🇮🇳 India · Ancient city
Jhusi (Pratishthana)
Neolithic I (7000–4000) → Chalcolithic II (2500–1200) → NBPW III (600 BCE–300 CE) → Gupta IV · Vindhyan–Gangetic Neolithic → Gangetic Chalcolithic → Kuru-Panchala NBPW
Massive Neolithic–Early Historic mound (c.7000 BCE–1200 CE) on the Ganga's east bank opposite Prayagraj Sangam — 4 ha mound with 16 m cultural deposit excavated 1995–2003 by Allahabad University (G.R.