🇵🇰 Pakistan · Ancient city
Sutkagen Dor
Mature Harappan (2600–1900 BCE) · Harappan (Indus Valley Civilization, Makran coastal facies)
Westernmost Harappan (2600–1900 BCE)—17.5 ha walled Dasht port with 12-m walls, Arabian Sea trade terminus.
🇸🇪 Sweden · Earthwork
Eketorp Ringfort — Öland
Iron Age to Medieval (c.400–1300 CE) · Scandinavian Migration/Vendel and Medieval Gotlandic–Swedish
Eketorp, on southeastern Öland's Stora Alvaret limestone plain, is the only fully excavated of Öland's 19 Iron Age ringforts, a concentric limestone-walled fortress 70 m diameter with 53…
🇵🇪 Peru · Temple complex
La Galgada
Late Preceramic / Kotosh Tradition (3000 – 1800 BCE) · Kotosh / La Galgada
La Galgada in Ancash, Peru is a Late Preceramic / Kotosh Tradition (3000 – 1800 BCE) temple complex attributed to Kotosh / La Galgada culture.
🇧🇩 Bangladesh · Temple complex
Ananda Vihara
Chandra–Pala Period (600–1200 CE) · Samataṭa/Chandra Buddhist
Largest Mainamati vihara—178 cells around 45×38 m court, 6 phases (600–1200 CE), Chandra bronzes and terracottas.
🇫🇷 France · Megalith
Dolmen de Mané Rutual
Early Neolithic (c.4000–3600 BCE) · Carn / Atlantic Neolithic (Morbihan)
Locmariaquer passage dolmen (8 m passage) near Table des Marchands — chamber with engraved axe and crook art.
🇮🇶 Iraq · Tell
Tell Songor A–C (Hamrin)
Early Dynastic III through Ur III/Isin-Larsa (c.2600–1900 BCE); ED III, Akkadian, Ur III · ED III Diyala → Akkadian → Ur III provincial Hamrin
Hamrin cemetery tell with 200 ED III–Ur III shaft graves — Fujii’s Diyala–Zagros transition necropolis (Songor A–C).
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
Mirgissa Fortress — Egyptian Middle Kingdom
Middle Kingdom, 12th Dynasty–New Kingdom · Ancient Egyptian (fortified settlement)
Greatest of Middle Kingdom Nubian forts, originally named Iken, built by Senusret III at narrow Second Cataract gorge on west bank, comprising a massive outer fortress enclosing harbour and an inner…
🇸🇾 Syria · Tell
Tell Aqab (Tell Aqʿab)
Late Neolithic Halaf to Halaf-Ubaid Transition (6100–5300 BCE) · Halaf → Northern Ubaid (HUT)
Halaf-Ubaid Transition type-section — 10 m Halaf stratigraphy on Khabur headwater.
🇪🇹 Ethiopia · Ancient city
Fasil Ghebbi — Royal Enclosure of Gondar
Gondarine (1632–1864 CE) · Ethiopian Solomonic / Gondarine
Fasil Ghebbi is the 70,000 m² Royal Enclosure of Gondar, Ethiopia's 17th–18th c imperial capital (1632–1864).
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient village
Kenan Tepe
Pottery Neolithic to Early Bronze (6000–3000 BCE; peak LCh–Uruk 4500–3100 BCE) · Halaf-Ubaid → Late Chalcolithic north Mesopotamian → Uruk fringe
Upper Tigris concentric Chalcolithic complex with Uruk Bevelled Rim contact horizon.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Körtik Tepe
PPNA to early PPNB (Late Epipaleolithic → Neolithic) · Pre-Pottery Neolithic (PPNA, Upper Tigris forager-cultivators)
PPNA buried village (11200–9500 cal BP) with 400 burials under round-house floors — Upper Tigris type-site for Neolithic mortuary behaviour, Ilısu salvage.
🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Sellars Farm Mound and Village
Mississippian Middle Cumberland (1000–1300 CE) · Mississippian (Sellars phase)
Middle Cumberland Mississippian (1000–1300 CE) platform mound town on Spring Creek 3 km south of Cumberland River: single 5-m-high substructure mound (60×40 m) with refurbished summit structure and…
🇨🇦 Canada · Cave
Bluefish Caves
Late Pleistocene (24,000 – 12,000 BP) · Beringian Paleo-Indian
Bluefish Caves in Yukon, Canada is a Late Pleistocene (24,000 – 12,000 BP) cave attributed to Beringian Paleo-Indian culture.
🇮🇪 Ireland · Megalith
Carrowmore — Listoghil Central Tomb
Middle Neolithic – Bronze Age · Carrowmore passage/boulder tradition (early)
Ireland's largest cemetery — ~30 boulder dolmens around Listoghil passage tomb (3600 BCE), oldest on Cúil Irra peninsula.
🇩🇪 Germany · Megalith
Fritzlar-Züschen Gallery Grave — Schwalm-Eder
Late Neolithic (Wartberg 3400–2900 BCE) · Wartberg
The Züschen gallery grave (c.3400–3000 BCE, Wartberg), just east of Fritzlar near the Eder, is a 20.5-m masterpiece, Germany's longest gallery tomb, with 30 sandstone orthostats enclosing a chamber…
🇯🇵 Japan · Ancient village
Toro Site
Late Jomon 3rd c BCE → Yayoi 300 BCE–300 CE → Kofun · Yayoi rice-farming (Tokai Yayoi)
Toro — Yayoi rice-paddy village (1st c CE Yayoi, also 3rd c BCE late Jomon) 2 km south Shizuoka station, Abe River lowland, excavated 1943–47 (Japan's first post-war dig) by Matsumoto.
🇸🇾 Syria · Pyramid
Mari — Tell Hariri Ziggurat and Palace Mound
Early Bronze to Old Babylonian (2900–1759 BCE) · Sumerian, Amorite
Legendary Euphrates emporium at Tell Hariri, 120 km south-east of Deir ez-Zor, capital of Amorite kingdom under Yahdun-Lim and Zimri-Lim, sacked by Hammurabi 1761 BCE, freezing palace archive of…
🇱🇻 Latvia · Earthwork
Aizkraukle Hillfort on the Daugava
Viking Age to Middle Ages (800–1255 CE) · Latgallian / Semigallian → Livonian Order
Aizkraukle Hillfort on the Daugava in Vidzeme, Aizkraukle Municipality, Daugava right bank, Latvia is a Viking Age to Middle Ages (800–1255 CE) Latgallian / Semigallian → Livonian Order site built…
🇵🇪 Peru · Pyramid
Asnop Grande — Marañón Basin Mound (Huanuco)
Late Initial Period to Early Horizon (1200–400 BCE) · Marañón–Kotosh tradition / early Chavín sphere
Isolated hill-top mound on continental divide crest above Upper Marañón near Singa, Huánuco, forming Marañón basin response to Kotosh tradition contemporaneous with Kotosh–Huaricoto development 50 km…
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
Buhen Fortress — Great Walled Town
Old Kingdom precursors; Middle Kingdom–New Kingdom · Ancient Egyptian
Southernmost bastion of Egyptian 12th Dynasty canal road, first founded as Old Kingdom copper smelting settlement (2500 BCE) then rebuilt by Senusret I and massively expanded by Senusret III as…
🇪🇸 Spain · Megalith
Dolmen de Matarrubilla — Valencina
Chalcolithic (c.3000–2800 BCE) · Valencina Chalcolithic (Guadalquivir millares group)
Dolmen de Matarrubilla (Chalcolithic c.3000–2800 BCE) on the Aljarafe plateau above Valencina, Seville, is a 34-m corridor tholos with dry-stone chamber 2 m diameter capped by a 2-m granite capstone…
🇵🇪 Peru · Pyramid
Las Haldas Initial Period Plaza-Pyramid City
Initial Period (1800–800 BCE) · Casma Las Haldas culture / Initial Coastal
Pacific-terrace Initial Period city Las Haldas (1800–1000 BCE): 20 m stone central pyramid with 300×200 m plazas on 30 m marine terrace above sea, coastal Initial tradition without ceramics.
🇯🇵 Japan · Tumulus
Fujinoki Tumulus
Kofun Late 500–600 CE (Yamato Kinmei) · Yamato Late Kofun with Silla–Sassanian imports
Largest unlooted Late Kofun mound (560–590 CE) at Fujinoki west Horyu-ji — 48 m gilt-crown and Sassanian glass in stone corridor.
🇬🇹 Guatemala · Pyramid
Iximché Twin Pyramids (Cuauhtemallan)
Maya Postclassic Contact · Maya Kaqchikel
Kaqchikel capital Iximché (1470–1524 CE): hilltop twin-pyramid plazas Temple 2 10 m with ballcourt and 40 m ravine defences, first Spanish capital of Guatemala 1524.