🇱🇾 Libya · Fortified city
Old Jarma — Medieval Citadel over Garama
Garamantian to Early Islamic (500 BCE–1500 CE layered) · Garamantian → Arab Jarma
Jarma excavated by Daniels, Islamic layered above Garamantian capital mound.
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3 places to sift through. Narrow by kind, country, period or how firmly each one is established — contested and pseudoarchaeological claims are labelled here, never hidden.
🇱🇾 Libya · Fortified city
Garamantian to Early Islamic (500 BCE–1500 CE layered) · Garamantian → Arab Jarma
Jarma excavated by Daniels, Islamic layered above Garamantian capital mound.
🇱🇾 Libya · Ancient city
Garamantian (500 BCE–600 CE) capital; foggara peak 200 BCE · Garamantian (Berber Saharan state)
Germa excavated by Daniels 1970s and Mattingly 1990s, foggaras 5th c. BCE, 100k tumuli field nearby.
🇱🇾 Libya · Ancient village
Garamantian (500 BCE–600 CE) · Garamantian oasis farmers
Fewet excavated by di Lernia 2000s, 100 tumuli satellite to Garama.