🇻🇳 Vietnam · Geoglyph
Church Geoglyph
Yayoi (300 BCE–300 CE) · Yayoi
Church Geoglyph in Quang Nam, Vietnam is a Yayoi (300 BCE–300 CE) geoglyph attributed to Yayoi culture.
🇵🇹 Portugal · Rock art
Côa Valley Rock Art
Upper Paleolithic to Iron Age (~25,000 BCE – 1000 BCE; main 20,000–10,000 BCE) · Solutrean/Magdalenian to Atlantic Iron Age
Largest open-air Paleolithic art complex known, spread over 17 km of the Côa tributary with over 1,000 engraved schist panels bearing thousands of zoomorphs.
🇵🇹 Portugal · Rock-cut
Rock-Cut Tombs of Ness-Rath
Classical Antiquity (800 BCE–500 CE) · Classical
Rock-Cut Tombs of Ness-Rath in Alentejo, Portugal is a Classical Antiquity (800 BCE–500 CE) rock_cut attributed to Classical culture.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Temple complex
Saqqara – Serapeum and Step Pyramid Complex
Early Dynastic to Greco-Roman (Djoser 2670 BCE; Apis catacombs New Kingdom to Ptolemaic, 1400–30 BCE) · Egyptian Pharaonic (Memphite)
Great necropolis of Memphis: Step Pyramid of Djoser (Imhotep, 2670 BCE) – world's oldest large stone structure – plus 17 pyramids including Teti, Unas (Pyramid Texts), underground galleries, and the…
🇮🇷 Iran · Tell
Tall-i Bakun A
Late Chalcolithic (4000–3500 BCE, Bakun) · Bakun A Chalcolithic
Late Chalcolithic (4000–3500 BCE, Bakun) Bakun A Chalcolithic tell at Fars Province, Persepolis plain – proto-urban chalcolithic painted-pottery centre (dims Mound 2 ha, Bakun A workshops).
🇰🇷 South Korea · Cave
Cave of Henthorn
Early Bronze Age (3300–2100 BCE) · Early Bronze Age
Cave of Henthorn in Gyeongsangbuk-do, South Korea is a Early Bronze Age (3300–2100 BCE) cave attributed to Early Bronze Age culture.
🇮🇳 India · Earthwork
Earthworks of Sama Mound Khet
Ubaid (6500–3800 BCE) · Ubaid
Earthworks of Sama Mound Khet in Madhya Pradesh, India is a Ubaid (6500–3800 BCE) earthwork attributed to Ubaid culture.
🇨🇳 China · Rock-cut
Maijishan Eastern Cliff — Tianshui Stacked Grottoes East Face
Later Qin to Song (384 – 1279 CE) · Buddhist Hexi to Central Plains transition at Wei River gap
East face stacked 90 caves 142 m hill with 16 m Buddha and plankway tiers.
🇲🇲 Myanmar · Necropolis
Necropolis of Hillfort Bagh
Chalcolithic (4500–3300 BCE) · Chalcolithic
Necropolis of Hillfort Bagh in Magway Region, Myanmar is a Chalcolithic (4500–3300 BCE) necropolis attributed to Chalcolithic culture.
🇨🇱 Chile · Cave
Sanctuary-Wall Grotto
Neolithic (6000–3000 BCE) · Neolithic
Sanctuary-Wall Grotto in Coquimbo, Chile is a Neolithic (6000–3000 BCE) cave attributed to Neolithic culture.
🇱🇧 Lebanon · Tell
Tell Fadous-Kfarabida
Early Bronze I–III (with Late Chalcolithic) · Early Bronze Levantine (coastal Canaanite)
EB I–III (3200–2500 BCE) coastal village with Egyptian imports — Lebanon's finest EB chronology.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city
Arslantepe (Malatya)
Late Chalcolithic to Neo-Hittite (5000 BCE–700 BCE; palace phase 3400–3000 BCE; Neo-Hittite 1200–712 BCE) · Late Chalcolithic / Kura-Araxes / Hittite / Neo-Hittite
Tell city type site for emergence of state and palace economy (3400–3000 BCE): Late Chalcolithic palace (Room A 900) with wall paintings, storerooms with mass-produced bowls, sword hoard (earliest…
🇨🇦 Canada · Geoglyph
Qasr Mara Ley Geoglyph
Early Bronze Age (3300–2100 BCE) · Early Bronze Age
Qasr Mara Ley Geoglyph in British Columbia, Canada is a Early Bronze Age (3300–2100 BCE) geoglyph attributed to Early Bronze Age culture.
🇨🇾 Cyprus · Earthwork
Row Seaton Earthwork
Iron Age (1200 BCE–500 CE) · Iron Age
Row Seaton Earthwork in Paphos District, Cyprus is a Iron Age (1200 BCE–500 CE) earthwork attributed to Iron Age culture.
🇲🇽 Mexico · Temple complex
El Palmar — Second Temple Plaza (Jimbal–Palmar)
Late Classic 550–850 CE · Maya (Río Bec–Chenes–Central Petén blend)
Secondary plaza 600 m from hieroglyphic stairway: 15 m pyramid with Wak alliance altar, marsh causeway.
🇺🇸 United States · Rock art
Pipestone National Monument Quarries
Archaic to present (1000 BCE–present) · Sioux (Dakota/Lakota/Nakota), Oneota predecessors
2,000-year sacred catlinite quarries: 3000 pits in Sioux quartzite cliff plus thunderbird petroglyphs.
🇮🇹 Italy · Rock art
Rock Art of Torr Workshop Midfield
Hellenistic (323–31 BCE) · Hellenistic
Rock Art of Torr Workshop Midfield in Sicily, Italy is a Hellenistic (323–31 BCE) rock art attributed to Hellenistic culture.
🇹🇳 Tunisia · Necropolis
Stone Vale Necropolis
Byzantine (330–1453 CE) · Byzantine
Stone Vale Necropolis in Kairouan Governorate, Tunisia is a Byzantine (330–1453 CE) necropolis attributed to Byzantine culture.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient village
İkiztepe Samsun — Black Sea Buried Village and Cemetery
Late Chalcolithic to EBA III (4200–2000 BCE) · Pontic Chalcolithic–EBA (Bafra horizon; Maikop affinities)
Pontic coastal necropolis 4200–2000 BCE — 600 graves, arsenical bronze.
🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia · Buried city
Buried City of Marsh
Classical Antiquity (800 BCE–500 CE) · Classical
Buried City of Marsh in Asir Province, Saudi Arabia is a Classical Antiquity (800 BCE–500 CE) buried city attributed to Classical culture.
🇰🇷 South Korea · Hillfort
Kurgan Ton Hillfort
Neolithic (6000–3000 BCE) · Neolithic
Kurgan Ton Hillfort in Gyeongsangbuk-do, South Korea is a Neolithic (6000–3000 BCE) hillfort attributed to Neolithic culture.
🇲🇦 Morocco · Rock-cut
Mere-Inis Rock-Cut Complex
Andean Formative (1800–200 BCE) · Andean Formative
Mere-Inis Rock-Cut Complex in Souss-Massa, Morocco is a Andean Formative (1800–200 BCE) rock_cut attributed to Andean Formative culture.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Rock-cut
Rock-Cut Tombs of Bryn Thornby
Nazca (100 BCE–800 CE) · Nazca
Rock-Cut Tombs of Bryn Thornby in Central Anatolia, Turkey is a Nazca (100 BCE–800 CE) rock_cut attributed to Nazca culture.
🇮🇷 Iran · Temple complex
Sanctuary of Furnace
Hellenistic (323–31 BCE) · Hellenistic
Sanctuary of Furnace in Fars Province, Iran is a Hellenistic (323–31 BCE) temple complex attributed to Hellenistic culture.