🇮🇷 Iran · Cave
Kaldar Cave
Middle to Upper Palaeolithic (c.54,000–30,000 BP) · Zagros Mousterian → Baradostian
Khorramabad MP–UP cave 5 m (54–30 ka, first Baradostian 54 ka, AMH beads) 5 km N Khorramabad.
🇦🇺 Australia · Rock art
Murujuga (Burrup Peninsula) Rock Art
Pleistocene to Historic ~50 ka–present · Australian Aboriginal (Ngarluma, Yindjibarndi, Yaburara)
Million-engraving petroglyph province on Pilbara gabbro archipelago, 50 kyr continuous record.
🇮🇳 India · Rock art
Edakkal Caves
Neolithic to Iron Age (~6000 BCE – 1000 BCE; inscriptions to 1st century CE) · South Indian Neolithic to Iron Age; Sangam to Tamil-Brahmi
Natural cleft formed by a 4-m boulder bridging a rift in Ambukuthimala hill reveals Old Kannada petroglyphs: over 400 engravings of ibex-like 'Indus-style' jar, stickmen, Sun Plan wheels and a…
🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Ancient village
Ingoldisthorpe-Low Ancient Village
Neolithic (6000–3000 BCE) · Neolithic
Ingoldisthorpe-Low Ancient Village in Somerset, South West England, United Kingdom is a Neolithic (6000–3000 BCE) ancient village attributed to Neolithic culture.
🇷🇴 Romania · Tell
Pietrele Lower Levels — Gumelniţa–Codlea Tell
Boian to Gumelniţa A2 (5100–4100 BCE; lower 4600 BCE) · Boian → Gumelniţa–Kodžadermen
Danubian Gumelniţa basal 4600 BCE — graphite ware & copper lakeside village.
🇰🇷 South Korea · Hydraulic works
Hydraulic System at Mine Hermitage
Middle Bronze Age (2100–1550 BCE) · Middle Bronze Age
Hydraulic System at Mine Hermitage in Gyeongsangbuk-do, South Korea is a Middle Bronze Age (2100–1550 BCE) hydraulic attributed to Middle Bronze Age culture.
🇨🇾 Cyprus · Submerged site
Salamis of Cyprus – Sunken Harbour at Ammochostos (Famagusta Bay)
Bronze Age to Late Roman (1180 BCE Enkomi-Salamis – 648 CE Arab sack) · Teucrid Greek / Cypriot / Persian / Hellenistic / Roman
Salamis Cypriot kingdom — 10 ha walled city whose 500 m mole at Pediaeus mouth now 1–2 m under Famagusta Bay.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Hydraulic works
Valley of the Golden Mummies — Bahariya Oasis
Greco-Roman to Coptic (332 BCE–641 CE) · Greco-Roman Egyptian (Bahariya Oasite) / Coptic
Valley of the Golden Mummies is the 10 km Greco-Roman necropolis (332 BCE–641 CE) at Bahariya Oasis 380 km SW Cairo with 250 excavated tombs (10,000 est.
🇮🇷 Iran · Tell
Tepe Guran
Aceramic–Early Ceramic Neolithic (7100–5500 BCE) · Zagros Neolithic (Guran)
Aceramic–Early Ceramic Neolithic (7100–5500 BCE) Zagros Neolithic (Guran) tell at Lorestan Province, Hulailan Plain, Zagros – campsite-to-village neolithic sequence in zagros (dims Mound 8 m, Guran PHASES a–j).
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Kovuklukaya Höyük
Chalcolithic–Late Bronze (4500–1200 BCE) · North-Central Anatolian
Chalcolithic–Late Bronze (4500–1200 BCE) North-Central Anatolian tell at Sinop Province, Black Sea – fortified citadel controlling black sea–central anatolia route (dims Mound 20 m high, fortified plateau 1 ha).
🇮🇹 Italy · Rock-cut
Rock-Cut Tombs of Butte Easton Tall
Early Bronze Age (3300–2100 BCE) · Early Bronze Age
Rock-Cut Tombs of Butte Easton Tall in Sicily, Italy is a Early Bronze Age (3300–2100 BCE) rock_cut attributed to Early Bronze Age culture.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city
Altıntepe
Urartian Kingdom 8th–6th century BCE (late empire western frontier) · Urartian → Median → Achaemenid
Argishti II's Euphrates citadel with pillared hall, subterranean passage and ivory tombs.
🇸🇩 Sudan · Ancient city
Old Dongola
Medieval Christian–Islamic Nubia (500–1317 CE; peak 800–12th c.) · Makuria (Christian Nubia) / Islamic
Old Dongola on Nile opposite Letti is Makuria Christian Nubia's capital 500–1317 CE, 45 ha walled town with colonnaded citadel, palace of Ioannes (11th c.) 28×18 m with frescoes, five churches…
🇱🇰 Sri Lanka · Tumulus
Deep Shelter Burial Mound
Neolithic (6000–3000 BCE) · Neolithic
Deep Shelter Burial Mound in North Central Province, Sri Lanka is a Neolithic (6000–3000 BCE) tumulus attributed to Neolithic culture.
🇸🇾 Syria · Ancient city
Ebla
Early Bronze IVA–B (2400–1600 BCE) · Eblaite Semitic (Northwest Semitic)
Syrian superpower Ebla (c.3500–1600 BCE) with double-walled city (60 ha) and Royal Palace G — where Paolo Matthiae 1975 found the Ebla archive: 17,000 cuneiform tablets in Sumerian and Eblaite…
🇮🇳 India · Temple complex
Meenakshi Amman Temple
Early Pandya origins 6th c., current Nayak 1623–1655 CE · Hindu (Shavite-Shakti) under Nayak kingdom of Madurai
Sprawling Nayak temple-city with 14 colourful gopurams and musical stone pillars.
🇸🇩 Sudan · Quarry
Quarry of Terramare Bajada Farm
Early Bronze Age (3300–2100 BCE) · Early Bronze Age
Quarry of Terramare Bajada Farm in River Nile State, Sudan is a Early Bronze Age (3300–2100 BCE) quarry attributed to Early Bronze Age culture.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient village
Furnace Ancient Village
Harappan (2600–1900 BCE) · Harappan
Furnace Ancient Village in Central Anatolia, Turkey is a Harappan (2600–1900 BCE) ancient village attributed to Harappan culture.
🇮🇷 Iran · Tell
Tepe Qabrestan
Chalcolithic–Early Bronze Age (c.5000–2900 BCE) · Qazvin plain Chalcolithic (Zagheh–Qabrestan)
Qazvin tell 12 m high (c.5000–2900 BCE, Zagheh→Qabrestan, cemetery) south of Qazvin.
🇵🇹 Portugal · Rock art
Côa Valley Rock Art
Upper Paleolithic to Iron Age (~25,000 BCE – 1000 BCE; main 20,000–10,000 BCE) · Solutrean/Magdalenian to Atlantic Iron Age
Largest open-air Paleolithic art complex known, spread over 17 km of the Côa tributary with over 1,000 engraved schist panels bearing thousands of zoomorphs.
🇮🇳 India · Earthwork
Earthworks of Sama Mound Khet
Ubaid (6500–3800 BCE) · Ubaid
Earthworks of Sama Mound Khet in Madhya Pradesh, India is a Ubaid (6500–3800 BCE) earthwork attributed to Ubaid culture.
🇨🇳 China · Rock-cut
Maijishan Eastern Cliff — Tianshui Stacked Grottoes East Face
Later Qin to Song (384 – 1279 CE) · Buddhist Hexi to Central Plains transition at Wei River gap
East face stacked 90 caves 142 m hill with 16 m Buddha and plankway tiers.
🇲🇲 Myanmar · Necropolis
Necropolis of Hillfort Bagh
Chalcolithic (4500–3300 BCE) · Chalcolithic
Necropolis of Hillfort Bagh in Magway Region, Myanmar is a Chalcolithic (4500–3300 BCE) necropolis attributed to Chalcolithic culture.
🇨🇾 Cyprus · Earthwork
Row Seaton Earthwork
Iron Age (1200 BCE–500 CE) · Iron Age
Row Seaton Earthwork in Paphos District, Cyprus is a Iron Age (1200 BCE–500 CE) earthwork attributed to Iron Age culture.