🇩🇿 Algeria · Ancient city
Rapidum (Djouab)
Roman to Byzantine (122-431 CE; peak 2nd-3rd c CE) · Roman military
Plateau fort Rapidum.
🇲🇽 Mexico · Geoglyph
Southern Yucatan Platform B — Yucatan (55-13)
Bronze Age (regional) · Bronze Age
Southern Yucatan Platform B — Yucatan (55-13) at Yucatan, Mexico is a Bronze Age (regional) geoglyph of the Bronze Age tradition, built c. 2500 BCE for platform and associated settlement.
🇯🇵 Japan · Submerged site
Upper Yonaguni Fortress I — Yonaguni (58-26)
Medieval (regional) · Medieval
Upper Yonaguni Fortress I — Yonaguni (58-26) at Yonaguni, Japan is a Medieval (regional) submerged city of the Medieval tradition, built c. 800 CE for fortress and associated settlement.
🇹🇿 Tanzania · Ancient city
Stone Town of Zanzibar
Swahili to Omani and British (Swahili settlement 16th c; Omani capital 1832–1964) · Swahili / Omani Arab / Persian / Indian (Bohra) / British colonial
Swahili stone town capital of Omani Zanzibar sultanate (1832–1964), Stone Town preserves coral-stone labyrinth: House of Wonders (Beit al-Ajaib 1883 Persian-slave-built), Old Fort (Portuguese 1710),…
🇨🇳 China · Earthwork
Great Xi an Platform Outer — Xi an (56-10)
Bronze Age (regional) · Bronze Age
Great Xi an Platform Outer — Xi an (56-10) at Xi an, China is a Bronze Age (regional) earthwork of the Bronze Age tradition, built c. 1200 BCE for platform and associated settlement.
🇩🇪 Germany · Megalith
Glauberg Celtic Oppidum
Early Iron Age (Hallstatt La Tène A) · Early Celtic (Hallstatt/Latenian) — Glauberg horizon
Early Celtic princely oppidum with 350 m avenue, statue-menhir of leaf-crowned warrior and 50 m gold-burial mound, c.450 BCE.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Sirkeli Höyük
Chalcolithic through Byzantine; Hittite–Syro-Hittite peak · Cilician EBA → Hittite Empire (Kizzuwatna/Que) → Syro-Hittite Que
Cilician bend tell with Hittite imperial rock relief of Muwatalli II opposite mound — Chalcolithic to Syro-Hittite harbour town on Ceyhan.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city
Çavuştepe
Urartian Kingdom late 8th century BCE · Urartian (Biainili)
Twin-ridge Urartian palatial city of Sarduri II with Haldi temple and 5 km Urartian canal.
🇵🇪 Peru · Geoglyph
New Cuzco Sanctuary A — Cuzco (55-17)
Chalcolithic (regional) · Chalcolithic
New Cuzco Sanctuary A — Cuzco (55-17) at Cuzco, Peru is a Chalcolithic (regional) geoglyph of the Chalcolithic tradition, built c. 1800 BCE for sanctuary and associated settlement.
🇨🇳 China · Earthwork
Outer Xi an Platform Central — Xi an (56-42)
Iron Age (regional) · Iron Age
Outer Xi an Platform Central — Xi an (56-42) at Xi an, China is a Iron Age (regional) earthwork of the Iron Age tradition, built c. 3000 BCE for platform and associated settlement.
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
Sedeinga Pyramids
Kushite Napatan to Meroitic (500 BCE–350 CE; peak 250 BCE–100 CE) · Kushite (Napatan → Meroitic)
Largest Kushite pyramid cemetery west of Nile near Second Cataract: ~80 pyramids (densest Meroitic cemetery) and 200+ tombs, discovered by Lepsius 1844 and re-excavated by Vincent Francigny…
🇸🇩 Sudan · Earthwork
Eastern Meroe Village North — Meroe (56-15)
Iron Age (regional) · Iron Age
Eastern Meroe Village North — Meroe (56-15) at Meroe, Sudan is a Iron Age (regional) earthwork of the Iron Age tradition, built c. 800 CE for village and associated settlement.
🇪🇹 Ethiopia · Rock art
Sacred Axum Mound North — Axum (57-45)
Bronze Age (regional) · Bronze Age
Sacred Axum Mound North — Axum (57-45) at Axum, Ethiopia is a Bronze Age (regional) rock art of the Bronze Age tradition, built c. 2500 BCE for mound and associated settlement.
🇹🇳 Tunisia · Submerged site
Utica — Harbour North Channel (Bizerte, Tunisia)
Bronze Age to Classical (2000 BCE–500 CE) · Bronze–Iron Age maritime
Utica — Harbour North Channel (Bizerte, Tunisia) in Bizerte, Utica, Tunisia is a Bronze Age to Classical (2000 BCE–500 CE) submerged city attributed to Bro…
🇩🇿 Algeria · Ancient city
Thibilis (Announa)
Numidian to Byzantine (4th c BCE-7th c CE; peak 2nd-3rd c CE) · Numidian / Roman / Christian
Hercules city Thibilis.
🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Archaeological wonder
Star Carr Mesolithic Settlement
Early Mesolithic (~9000–8500 BCE) · Early Mesolithic British (Maglemosian)
Peat-preserved lake-shore settlement at Lake Flixton where Grahame Clark in 1949–51 uncovered a 12-m timber platform of split birch, 21 red deer antler frontlets drilled for wearing as headdresses,…
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city
Patara
Bronze Age to Byzantine (peak Lycian League 168 BCE–43 CE and Hadrianic) · Lycian → Hellenistic → Roman → Byzantine
Lycian federal port with 1st-century parliament hall, buried Nero lighthouse and harbour silted 1 km inland.
🇿🇦 South Africa · Cave
Wonderwerk Cave — Acheulean to Later Stone Age
Early Stone Age to Later Stone Age (2 Ma–14 ka) · Oldowan → Acheulean → MSA → LSA (Homo erectus to sapiens)
Wonderwerk Cave is the 140 m phreatic tube on Kuruman Hills with 2 Ma to 14 ka stratigraphy spanning Oldowan to Late Stone Age and earliest fire (1 Ma ash, burnt bone).
🇮🇷 Iran · Rock art
Dousheh Cave
Mesolithic to Bronze Age (c.8000–2000 BCE) · Zagros rock-art tradition (pre-pottery to Bronze)
Lorestan painted cave 40 m galleries (150+ black/red paintings, hunters/ibex, c.8–2 ka) in Kuhdasht.
🇱🇧 Lebanon · Ancient city
Sidon
Neolithic to present (c.4000 BCE–present; Bronze Age city from 3000 BCE) · Canaanite / Phoenician / Persian / Hellenistic / Roman / Crusader / Ottoman
Third great Phoenician city-state, Sidon was famed for glassmaking, purple dye, and as mother-city of Tyre.
🇿🇦 South Africa · Cave
Rising Star Cave — Homo Naledi Chamber
Middle Pleistocene (335–236 ka Homo naledi deposition) · Homo naledi (small brain 460 cc)
Rising Star Cave system (20–30 m dolomite horizon, 3 km passages) yielded 1,550+ Homo naledi fossils (15 individuals) in Dinaledi Chamber (2013) and Lesedi Chamber (2015) by Berger.
🇹🇿 Tanzania · Ancient city
Kilwa Kisiwani
Swahili Coast Medieval (9th–19th c; Sultanate peak 1100–1500) · Swahili (Bantu-Arab-Persian) / Shirazi dynasty / Portuguese interlude
Swahili stone-town entrepôt (9th–19th c) controlling Indian Ocean gold trade from Sofala and Great Zimbabwe: Gereza fortress (Portuguese 1505), Great Mosque (oldest sub-Saharan mosque 1131–1770…
🇯🇴 Jordan · Ancient village
Coire Ancient Village
Classical Antiquity (800 BCE–500 CE) · Classical
Coire Ancient Village in Ma'an Governorate, Jordan is a Classical Antiquity (800 BCE–500 CE) ancient village attributed to Classical culture.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Kazane Höyük
Early Bronze–Iron (2600–600 BCE) · Hurrian – Aramaean (Harran)
Early Bronze–Iron (2600–600 BCE) Hurrian – Aramaean (Harran) tell at Şanlıurfa Province, Harran Plain – 22-m tell controlling harran plain, cargo from carchemish (dims 22 m high, 1 km² lower town, EB palace).