🇲🇳 Mongolia · Tumulus
Bayan-Ula Khirigsuur & Deer Stone Valley – Khentii
Late Bronze to Early Iron · Deer Stone–Khirigsuur / Ulaanzuukh
45 khirigsuurs + 9 deer stones (1350–750 BCE) in Khentii sacred valley — double satellite circles.
🇱🇾 Libya · Ancient city
Bu Njem (Gholaia)
Severan Roman (201–259 CE) · Roman
201 CE polygonal limes fort 138 m with 146 wax tablets and ostraca archive documenting Legio III vicus.
🇲🇽 Mexico · Pyramid
Chicanná Structure II Pyramid — Bec Valley
Late Classic Maya, c.600-830 CE (Río Bec–Chenés, Late Classic) · Maya (Río Bec–Chenés)
Chicanná (House of Serpent Mouth, Bec Valley, Campeche) Structure II: 4-crown Río Bec pyramid (12 m high) with steep false stair, twin pseudo-temples and central monster-mouth portal (Chenés witz…
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
Meroe North Cemetery Pyramid Field — Begarawiya
Meroitic, c.300 BCE–350 CE (Meroitic Kushite) · Kushite / Meroitic
Meroe North Cemetery at Begarawiya ridge north of Meroe city: 44 steep-sided Meroitic pyramids 8-15 m base, 10-20 m high, with pylon chapels, stelae and offering tables.
🇯🇵 Japan · Tumulus
Mozu Kofun Cluster (Mozu-Furuichi)
Middle–Late Kofun 350–600 CE (Yamato mature) · Yamato Mozu–Furuichi Kofun tradition
Mozu Kofun Cluster — dense kofun cemetery (49 kofun inscribed, 160,000+ total in Japan, 4th–6th c CE) across Mozu and Furuichi plains 10 km south Osaka, excavated 1970s–2019 Shiraishi et al.
🇯🇵 Japan · Ancient village
Nabatake (Saga)
Jomon Final 1000 BCE → Yayoi Incipient 930–600 BCE → Yayoi Early 600 BCE–100 CE · Jomon–Yayoi rice transition (Saga plain)
Japan's earliest rice contender (930–600 BCE) at Nabatake Karatsu — paddy bunds 2×1.5 m with incipient rice and ard-marks vs Itatsuke debate.
🇮🇶 Iraq · Pyramid
Nippur Ekur Ziggurat — Nuffar
Sumerian Ur III to Kassite (2112–1200 BCE) · Sumerian (Ur III, Isin-Larsa, Kassite)
Nippur Ekur Ziggurat — Nuffar in Qadisiyah Governorate, Afak District (ancient Nippur, T. Nuffar), Iraq is a Sumerian Ur III to Kassite (2112–1200 BCE) pyramid/mound site attributed to Sumerian (Ur…
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
Soleb Temple & Pyramid Field (Amenhotep III)
New Kingdom (18th Dynasty) to Napatan · Egyptian / Kushite
Greatest Nubian temple of Amenhotep III c.1400 BCE at Soleb with 30 small Napatan pyramids and ram avenue south of 3rd Cataract.
🇯🇵 Japan · Tumulus
Teraji
Kofun Middle–Late 400–600 CE (Kibi culture) · Kofun Kibi (Seto Inland-Kibi chiefdom)
Kibi keyhole tumulus (400–600 CE) at Teraji near Soja — 65 m yokoana corridor with Sue ware and Gaya bronze horse gear.
🇯🇴 Jordan · Geoglyph
Wadi al-Qattafi Central Mesa Interfluve Kites (Mesas M-7–M-9 Interfluve)
PPNB–Late Neolithic (7000–5500 BCE) · Black Desert hunters
Interfluve plateau between north and south arms of Wadi al-Qattafi 5 km north of Qa' al-Qattafi playa (680 m).
🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Bottle Creek Indian Mounds
Mississippian Pensacola phase (1250–1550 CE) · Mississippian (Pensacola culture)
Pensacola-Mississippian island capital (1250–1550 CE) on low swamp island (0.4 sq km) in Mobile-Tensaw Delta: 18 platform and burial mounds (largest Mound A 11 m high 90×60 m) enclosing 5 plazas on…
🇨🇳 China · Ancient city
Erligang (Zhengzhou Shang City)
Early Shang Erligang 1600–1400 BCE (Xia→Shang transition) · Early Shang (Erligang culture, Zhengzhou phase)
Erligang (Zhengzhou Shang City) — Early Shang walled capital (c.1600–1400 BCE, Erligang culture) under modern Zhengzhou old city, excavated 1950s–80s An Jinhuai and Zou Heng (Henan Institute).
🇵🇪 Peru · Ancient city
Gran Vilaya – Chachapoya Citadel Network
Late Intermediate Period – Late Horizon (800–1536 CE, Chachapoya → Inca 1470) · Chachapoya (Luya) → Inca (mitma occupation)
Vast Chachapoya hilltop conurbation (800–1470 CE, Inca conquest 1470) 7 km north of Kuelap, comprising 30+ registered citadels on 15 km2 ridge: massive circular stone houses 10 m diameter with…
🇺🇿 Uzbekistan · Ancient city
Kampir Tepe
Hellenistic 330–145 BCE → Yuezhi–Kushan 145 BCE–350 CE → Sasanians 350–500 CE · Greco-Bactrian → Kushan–Sogdian (Oxus trade)
Oxus port fortress (330 BCE–500 CE) at Kampir hill 30 km west Termez — Hellenistic gate, Kushan quay and Alexander port contender.
🇲🇽 Mexico · Ancient city
Río Bec
Late Classic (Río Bec style florescence) · Maya (Río Bec)
Type site for Río Bec architectural phenomenon (c.550–900 CE) — most dispersed large Classic Maya city 50 km², 6 km² core with 6+ plaza groups (A–F, Central Group Structure V-N 13...
🇬🇹 Guatemala · Pyramid
San Bartolo — Las Pinturas Pyramid and Temple of the Murals (Petén, Guatemala)
Preclassic (1000 BCE–250 CE), Late Preclassic 400–100 BCE · Maya (Lowland Preclassic)
Revolutionary Preclassic centre (400 BCE–200 CE) with 7-m-tall Late Preclassic murals — earliest Maya polychrome mythology preserved inside 10 m-high Las Pinturas pyramid (90x60 m base) beneath later…
🇨🇳 China · Rock art
Yinshan West Wulashan Rock Art
Bronze Age to Early Medieval · Ordos, Xiongnu, Xianbei, Turkic (Yinshan frontier)
West mesa of Wulashan with naturalistic tiger and chariot rut petroglyphs.
🇬🇹 Guatemala · Ancient city
Holmul
Preclassic–Late Classic · Maya (Snake/Tikal sphere)
Borderland trading city (800 BCE–900 CE) on Holmul River near Belize, famed for Building A 8-m-wide Witz monster stucco frieze (590 BCE La Sufricaya mural earliest Maya mural) on s...
🇮🇶 Iraq · Pyramid
Larsa Ziggurat — Tell Senkereh
Isin-Larsa / Old Babylonian (2025–1763 BCE) · Amorite / Sumerian continuity (Larsa dynasty)
Larsa Ziggurat — Tell Senkereh in Dhi Qar Governorate, Tell as-Senkereh (ancient Larsa), Iraq is a Isin-Larsa / Old Babylonian (2025–1763 BCE) pyramid/mound site attributed to Amorite / Sumerian…
🇨🇳 China · Temple complex
Mati Temple South Grotto
Sixteen Kingdoms to Yuan · Hexi Buddhist (Northern Liang, Northern Wei, Sui, Tang, Uyghur, Tibetan, Yuan)
800-m-south Mati grotto cluster with 7-m Shakyamuni and horse-hoof legend slab.
🇯🇵 Japan · Megalith
Oshoro
Jomon Mid–Late 2500–1800 BCE (Hokkaido) · Jomon Hokkaido (Oshima–Shakotan)
Hokkaido Jomon stone circle (2500–1800 BCE) at Oshoro Otaru — 30 m with 47 boulders and Fusen rock art above Oshoro Bay.
🇷🇸 Serbia · Tell
Gomolava (Hrtkovci)
Neolithic through Medieval (c.6000 BCE–15th c. CE); Starčevo, Vinča, Vučedol, Vatin–Belegiš, La Tène, Roman–Medieval · Starčevo–Koros → Vinča → Kostolac–Vučedol → Vatin–Belegiš (Bronze) → Hallstatt–La Tène Scordisci
6th-mill.–15th-c. Srem tell (45 ha survey) with Vinča–Vučedol–Scordisci sequence — 10 m stratigraphy on Sava (Garašanin).
🇪🇬 Egypt · Temple complex
Kom Ombo Temple
Ptolemaic to Roman (2nd c BCE–1st c CE) · Ptolemaic Egyptian / Roman
Symmetrical double temple on Nile bluff dedicated jointly to Haroeris (falcon) and Sobek (crocodile) with duplicate courts and surgical relief.
🇲🇽 Mexico · Ancient city
Palenque
Late Classic 226 BCE–800 CE (apogee 615–800 CE Early–Late Classic) · Maya (B'aakal / Palenque dynasty; Western Maya lowlands)
Maya Classic capital of B'aakal on Chiapas foothills with low jungle: Temple of Inscriptions (22 m pyramid with 69-step Hieroglyphic Stair recording dynastic history and Pakal's vault; Pakal the…