🇯🇴 Jordan · Hydraulic works
Rai Jawa North Canal Hydraulic System
Early Bronze Age IA · Proto-Jawa
1.8-km spate canal feeding 12-ha bunded fields north of Jawa town.
🇲🇽 Mexico · Ancient city
Culhuacan
Epiclassic–Postclassic (Coyotlatelco–Aztec) · Toltec–Colhua / Basin Postclassic
Toltec-Colhua capital (600–1400 CE) on Lake Xochimilco — 8 pyramids beneath Cerro de la Estrella, Mexica legitimacy ancestor.
🇾🇪 Yemen · Hydraulic works
Sadd al-Arim Secondary North Dam Marib
Sabaean to Himyarite · Kingdom of Saba
210-m saddle subsidiary dam 4 km NE of Great Marib storing Jufaynah tributary.
🇧🇯 Benin · Ancient city
Birnin Lafiya
Medieval (12th–18th c) · Songhai / Hausa / Niger bend trade
65-ha double-rampart Niger entrepôt 12th–18th c linking Bura-Gao ceramic chain with Hausa–Songhay frontier.
🇺🇦 Ukraine · Submerged site
Pantikapaion — Submerged Quay North (Kerch, Bosporan)
Bronze Age to Classical (2000 BCE–500 CE) · Bronze–Iron Age maritime
Pantikapaion — Submerged Quay North (Kerch, Bosporan) in Crimea, Kerch, Pantikapaion, Ukraine is a Bronze Age to Classical (2000 BCE–500 CE) submerged city…
🇮🇳 India · Submerged site
Bet Dwarka — North Bastion (Saurashtra, Gujarat)
Bronze Age to Classical (2000 BCE–500 CE) · Bronze–Iron Age maritime
Bet Dwarka — North Bastion (Saurashtra, Gujarat) in Gujarat, Bet Dwarka, India is a Bronze Age to Classical (2000 BCE–500 CE) submerged city attributed to …
🇲🇽 Mexico · Pyramid
Calakmul — Structure II North Facade Mask (Campeche)
Old to Middle Kingdom (2700–1800 BCE) · Old Kingdom / Middle Kingdom; Maya
Calakmul — Structure II North Facade Mask (Campeche) in Campeche, Calakmul, Mexico is a Old to Middle Kingdom (2700–1800 BCE) pyramid attributed to Old Kin…
🇺🇸 United States · Mound
Rowan Mounds
Mississippian (Wolf Lake–Douglas) · Mississippian (Southern Illinois)
Southern IL Mississippian hamlet (1000–1300 CE) on Cache River — two platforms at Cairo Lowlands margin.
🇺🇸 United States · Mound
Hayes Mounds
Late Mississippian (Dyer phase) · Mississippian (Reelfoot)
Late Mississippian hamlet mound (1250–1500 CE) on Forked Deer River — palisaded 1-ha village at Dyer County.
🇸🇩 Sudan · Archaeological wonder
Wadi Hawar (Wadi Howar) – Yellow Nile
Early Holocene to Late Antiquity (9500 BCE–500 CE) · Holocene Saharan pastoral / Nubian
1000-km Yellow Nile former tributary with 400 Holocene pastoral scatters 9500–2000 BCE.
🇱🇧 Lebanon · Hydraulic works
Hydraulic System at Bala Cairn
Andean Formative (1800–200 BCE) · Andean Formative
Hydraulic System at Bala Cairn in Bekaa Valley, Lebanon is a Andean Formative (1800–200 BCE) hydraulic attributed to Andean Formative culture.
🇹🇳 Tunisia · Ancient city
Thuburbo Parvum
Carthaginian to Byzantine (4th c. BCE–7th c. CE) · Punic / Roman
Sister city to Thuburbo Majus with olive press park (15 presses).
🇲🇽 Mexico · Cave
Cave of Mela
Jōmon (14000–300 BCE) · Jōmon
Cave of Mela in Chiapas, Mexico is a Jōmon (14000–300 BCE) cave attributed to Jōmon culture.
🇨🇾 Cyprus · Hillfort
Dun Great Hill Fort
Yayoi (300 BCE–300 CE) · Yayoi
Dun Great Hill Fort in Paphos District, Cyprus is a Yayoi (300 BCE–300 CE) hillfort attributed to Yayoi culture.
🇷🇴 Romania · Tell
Trușești Cucuteni Settlement on the Jijia
Precucuteni to Horodiștea, peak Cucuteni A–B (4800–3800 BCE) · Cucuteni–Trypillia
One of Moldova's largest Cucuteni tells — Țuguieta mound 9 m stratigraphy (Precucuteni III to Cucuteni B1, Horodiștea) at Trușești, excavated by M. Petrescu-Dîmbovița 1951–61.
🇱🇻 Latvia · Hillfort
Tērvete Hillfort
Iron Age to 1286 CE (Semigallian) · Semigallian
Zemgale's greatest Semigallian hillfort complex at Tērvete — three hillforts (Wooden Castle Hill 35 m, Swede Hill, Kloster Hill) plus 1000+ barrow cemetery.
🇨🇿 Czech Republic · Hillfort
Libice nad Cidlinou Slavník Stronghold
Early Medieval (9th–995 CE) · Slavník / Přemyslid Bohemia
Great Slavník hillfort capital at Libice (Libice nad Cidlinou) on Elbe–Cidlina confluence (25 ha inner 10 ha) with triple ramparts (7 m high, 40 m base), stone church and palace hall.
🇺🇦 Ukraine · Hillfort
Motronyn Hillfort
Scythian (7th–4th century BCE, peak 500 BCE) · Scythian Forest-Steppe
Massive Scythian hillfort (205 ha) deep in Kholodnyi Yar oak forest near Chyhyryn, with massive earthen ramparts 8 m high enclosing sacred settlement and cemetery. Excavated by M.
🇪🇨 Ecuador · Pyramid
Cochasquí Pyramids
Quitu-Cara / Integration Period · Caranqui / Quitu
15 earthen truncated pyramids with ramps, 10–20 m high, built by Quitu-Cara (Caranqui) people astride equatorial line, aligning to volcanoes Cayambe and Cotacachi with solar/astronomical purpose.
🇨🇿 Czech Republic · Hillfort
Levý Hradec Přemyslid Stronghold
Early Medieval (c.882–955) · Přemyslid Bohemia (Great Moravian echo)
Earliest Přemyslid stronghold (Levý Hradec) on Vltava promontory at Roztoky 10 km north of Prague — circular rampart 100×80 m, wooden hall and the 884 St.
🇨🇿 Czech Republic · Hillfort
Stará Kouřim Hillfort
Early Medieval (9th–early 12th century) · Zličan / Přemyslid
Prominent Zličan tribal hillfort at Stará Kouřim (44 ha plateau with double ramparts, gate complex) above Kouřim valley 50 km east Prague, mentioned in Dalimil Chronicle.
🇸🇰 Slovakia · Hillfort
Ducové–Kostolec Great Moravian Hillfort
Great Moravian (9th century, 830–907) · Great Moravian Slavic
Great Moravian hillfort on Kostolec hill (290 m) above Váh valley at Ducové, with double ramparts (6 m) enclosing 1.8 ha, stone rotunda church (discovered 1968) and magnate hall. Slovak-T.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Temple complex
Horomos Monastery — Ani Ghost City Rival South Canyon
Bagratid (10th c. Horomos main church St John 1038; Ani near) · Armenian Bagratid Ani kingdom (King Abas 930, Gagik I 989 Ani rival)
Horomos Ani 930, excavated by Marr 1904, 1038 Zhamatun 400 m from Ani walls cross gorge.
🇺🇦 Ukraine · Ancient village
Fedorivka Trypillia Settlement
Trypillia BI (c.4400–4100 BCE) · Cucuteni–Trypillia
Mid-size Trypillia BI settlement near Fedorivka on the Ros basin interfluve, ca.25 ha with dense house clusters revealed by survey. Part of the early BI expansion northward.