🇱🇾 Libya · Ancient city
Old Town of Ghadames
Roman to Modern (19 BCE–present; medieval ksar 7th c CE onward) · Garamantine / Berber Ibadi / Arab / Ottoman
UNESCO saharan ksar Ghadames — whitewashed roof-terrace oasis fed by Ain Al Faras.
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9,978 places to sift through. Narrow by kind, country, period or how firmly each one is established — contested and pseudoarchaeological claims are labelled here, never hidden.
🇯🇵 Japan · Tumulus
Kofun Late 6th c CE Asuka transition · Late Kofun Yamato royal — Ikaruga Horyuji corridor
Fujinoki Kofun Ikaruga — late 6th c CE keyhole kofun (zenpo-koen 50×48 m, two-chamber) 300 m west Horyuji temple at Ikaruga, Nara basin NW, excavated 1985–88 by Kashihara Archaeological Institute…
🇱🇾 Libya · Ancient city
Roman to Modern (19 BCE–present; medieval ksar 7th c CE onward) · Garamantine / Berber Ibadi / Arab / Ottoman
UNESCO saharan ksar Ghadames — whitewashed roof-terrace oasis fed by Ain Al Faras.
🇺🇦 Ukraine · Ancient city
Eneolithic Precucuteni → Cucuteni A (5100–4500 BCE) Western · Precucuteni–Cucuteni A (Western Cucuteni-Trypillia earliest)
Polivaniv Yar III (Polivanov Yar) — Precucuteni → Cucuteni A stratified tell (c.5100–4500 BCE, 2 ha, 6 horizons) on Dniester cape at Khotyn, Chernivtsi, Bessarabia border.
🇸🇾 Syria · Tell
Early Bronze (3100–2300 BCE) · EB Syrian (Early Dynastic contemporary) → Mortuary complex
Tell Banat White Monument South is the southern suburb below the White Monument — a 20-m-high stepped earthen mortuary mound (100 m diam) south of Tell Banat cluster on the Euphrates.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Early Bronze Age II–III through Middle Bronze (c.2600–2200 BCE peak; MBA sparse) · EBA Syro-Mesopotamian urban (Khabur-Euphrates city-state)
43 ha EBA orthogonal planned city (2600–2200 BCE) with 2.5 km wall and suburbs — largest Euphrates east-bank urban centre.
🇮🇳 India · Ancient city
Mahajanapada 600 BCE → Gupta 4th–6th c CE · Northern Panchala Mahajanapada → Mauryan → Gupta
Ahicchatra — capital of Northern Panchala Mahajanapada (c.600 BCE–1100 CE) near Ramnagar, Bareilly district, excavated 1940s–60s by ASI (V.K. Sinha).
🇻🇳 Vietnam · Ancient village
Late Neolithic Bau Tro 3000–1800 BCE (Hoabinhian substrate) · Hoabinhian → Bau Tro Neolithic (central coast)
Đồng Hới Bau Tró dune lake — central-coast Late Neolithic (3000–1800 BCE, slot-tooth ware) on Quang Binh dunes.
🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Middle Woodland Hopewell (50 BCE–350 CE) · Hopewell (Baum phase)
Hopewell rectangular enclosure (120×110 m, 1.3 ha) with habitation village overlapping embankments atPaint Creek terrace—rare instance where Hopewell domestic occupation directly associated with…
🇮🇪 Ireland · Earthwork
Late Bronze Age to Early Medieval (c.1100 BCE–800 CE) · Atlantic Iron Age / Early Medieval Gaelic
Cliff-edge triple stone fort on Inishmore (6 ha) with massive chevaux-de-frise of jagged limestone — Ireland's most dramatic hillfort.
🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Earthwork
Late Neolithic to Early Bronze Age (c.3000–1900 BCE) · British Late Neolithic (Grooved Ware / Beaker)
Grime's Graves (c.3000–1900 BCE, peak c.2600 BCE) is a 36-hectare Neolithic flint-mining pockfield in Breckland heath near Brandon, with 433 shaft pits visible as dimples and one deep public pit 9.5…
🇯🇴 Jordan · Geoglyph
Pre-Pottery Neolithic · PPN pastoralists
58-kite chain (8000–5500 BCE) along Harrat al-Sham — cross-border spine of kite province.
🇹🇷 Turkey/Syria · Ancient city
Late Bronze to Neo-Assyrian (c. 1800 BCE – 605 BCE) · Hittite / Mitanni / Neo-Hittite–Aramaean / Assyrian / Babylonian
Euphrates ford harbour capital – quay orthostats 40 m and harbour gate by Euphrates narrows.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Late Chalcolithic to Mitanni (4000 BCE–1350 BCE) · Late Chalcolithic → EBA → MBA → Hittite → Mittani
Korucutepe Keban East Mound is the eastern salvage mound 300 m east of Korucutepe main on the Altınova plain (860 m) — twin mound testing the Keban Altınova Hittite–Mittani frontier.
🇮🇳 India · Pyramid
Early Harappan (4000–2800 BCE, Kunal culture, Hakra ware) · Early Harappan (Kunal–Hakra ware, pre-Kot Diji)
Kunal Mound — Haryana Saraswati in Haryana, Fatehabad District, Saraswati palaeochannel (Kunal), India is a Early Harappan (4000–2800 BCE, Kunal culture, Hakra ware) pyramid/mound site attributed to…
🇹🇷 Turkey · Temple complex
Archaic to Roman · Aiolian Greek
Aliağa dune harbour Apollo 700 BCE with 600-m mole and 20k theatre, largest Aiolian port (Hesiod origin).
🇻🇳 Vietnam · Ancient city
Funan 1st–12th c CE → Chenla → Post-Funan · Funan (Austroasiatic–Indianized) → Mekong–Champa transit
Funan canal city expanded — 11 canals and Ba Thê hill with Roman coin at Óc Eo, An Giang (1st–12th c).
🇺🇦 Ukraine · Submerged site
Archaic to Late Antique (600 BCE – 400 CE) · Milesian Greek / Bosporan
Northern mole of Olbia Pontica on Bug estuary at Parutyne — 120 m mole at –2 m and river quay with pilings.
🇺🇦 Ukraine · Submerged site
Archaic to Late Antique (600 BCE – 400 CE) · Milesian Greek / Bosporan
Northern mole of Olbia Pontica on Bug estuary at Parutyne — 120 m mole at –2 m and river quay with pilings.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Submerged site
Ptolemaic to Islamic (280 BCE – 1400 CE) · Ptolemaic / Roman / Ayyubid
Quseir/Myos Hormos southern twin basin — Roman concrete mole and Ayyubid jetty 0.3–1.2 m submerged south of main harbour.
🇰🇿 Kazakhstan · Kurgan
Early Saka (7th–6th c. BCE) · Early Saka (Shilikty facies)
Shilikty north: 5 early royal kurgans (62 m) 2.2 km north of Golden Ridge, Zaisan valley 820 m.
🇹🇳 Tunisia · Ancient city
Phoenician / Punic / Roman / Late Antique · Phoenician / Roman
Phoenician port 1101 BCE now 12 km inland due to siltation; Roman capital of Africa with waterfall mosaic house.
🇵🇪 Peru · Temple complex
Early Intermediate – Middle Horizon (c.200 BCE–1000 CE) Wari – Wanka · Wari – Wanka
Wari Willka in Huari village 6 km south of Huancayo, Junín, is a Mantaro Valley Wari oracle temple at 3,250 m.
🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia · Hydraulic works
Iron Age to Early Islamic (Assyrian to Islamic) · North Arabian oasis / Assyrian sphere
Al-Jawf depression (580 m, 29°51′N 40°00′E central Sirhan) qanat field tapping western Widyan tributaries (900-1100 m) and basalt plateau 800-900 m to supply Dumat al-Jandal (ancient Adummatu) at…
🇮🇪 Ireland · Earthwork
Early Medieval (8th–14th century CE) over Late Neolithic traces · Gaelic Early Medieval (Eoghanacht / Dalcassian)
Triple-walled Burren cashel on cliff spur above Carran — Early Medieval high-status ringfort with 13 house platforms.
