🇱🇾 Libya · Ancient city
Tocra (Taucheira)
Archaic Greek to Islamic (630 BCE–7th c CE) · Greek / Ptolemaic / Roman / Byzantine
Archaic Greek harbour with 2.5-km 610 BCE bastioned wall and earliest black-figure ceramics stratigraphy.
🇸🇾 Syria · Ancient village
El Kowm (Tell El Kowm 2 – Caracol)
PPNB to Halaf (8000–5500 BCE) · Steppe PPNB → Halaf-Ubaid (Palmyrene)
Palmyrene desert oasis PPNB village cluster around artesian spring, desert Neolithisation laboratory.
🇵🇪 Peru · Pyramid
La Galgada Pyramidal Complex (Tablachaca)
Late Preceramic to Initial Period (Kotosh–Mito tradition) · Kotosh / highland Áncash (Mito tradition)
Kotosh-tradition dual pyramid at La Galgada — twin U-platform pyramids 30 m with niched temple 2200–1000 BCE and textile tombs, Tablachaca canyon.
🇬🇹 Guatemala · Ancient city
Mixco Viejo Alt
Early to Late Postclassic (1100 – 1524 CE) · Pocomam Maya
Mixco Viejo Alt in Chimaltenango, Guatemala is a Early to Late Postclassic (1100 – 1524 CE) ancient city attributed to Pocomam Maya culture.
🇵🇰 Pakistan · Ancient village
Nausharo
Kot Diji I (3000–2700) → Transitional II (2700–2500) → Harappan III (2500–2100 BCE) · Kot Diji / Early Harappan → Mature Harappan (Bolan culture)
Early Harappan → Mature Harappan village (c.3000–2100 BCE) 6 km south of Mehrgarh on the Bolan terrace, Balochistan — 5 ha mound excavated 1985–96 by J-F. Jarrige (French Archaeological Mission).
🇨🇱 Chile · Geoglyph
Salar del Sur Este Avenues Geoglyphs (Eastern Approach Corridor)
Late Intermediate to Late Horizon (Inca) · Atacameño–Inca caravan
Salar del Sur east corridor: 20 paired Avenues forming 1.4 km converging system toward playa.
🇲🇽 Mexico · Pyramid
Tenayuca Double-Stair Pyramid (El Cerrito)
Late Postclassic Aztec (Chichimec-Mexica) · Chichimec / Aztec (Tenayuca-Culhua-Mexica)
Aztec double-stair serpent pyramid Tenayuca (1224–1500 CE): 21 m six-stage twin-shrine pyramid encircled by 138 coiled serpent heads wall, INAH sequential casing showcase.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Yumuktepe (Yümüktepe)
Neolithic through Byzantine; Cilician corridor · Cilician Neolithic → Hittite Kizzuwatna → Neo-Hittite Que → Greco-Roman
Mersin coastal tell with 25 m deposit from Aceramic Neolithic (7000 BCE) to Roman — Garstang’s Cilician Neolithic–Hittite maritime gateway sequence.
🇮🇳 India · Ancient village
Chirand Gangetic Settlement
Neolithic 2500–1500 → Chalcolithic 1500–600 BCE → NBPW 600 BCE · Mid-Gangetic Neolithic–Chalcolithic — Chirand facies
Chirand Gangetic Settlement — Neolithic–Chalcolithic–NBPW stratified mega-mound (2500 BCE–600 BCE) on Ghaghara–Gandak–Ganges triple confluence 14 km east Chhapra, excavated 1960–71 and 2004 by B.N.
🇭🇳 Honduras · Pyramid
Copán — Temple 16 Pyramid and Hieroglyphic Stairway (Copán Department, Honduras)
Classic Maya (250–900 CE) · Maya (Copán dynasty, Yax Kuk Mo lineage)
Defining Classic Maya southeastern capital (250–900 CE) 12 km from Guatemala border, population 27,000.
🇵🇪 Peru · Ancient city
Galindo Moche–Wari Center
Middle Horizon transition (Moche V – Wari 500–850 CE) · Moche V → Wari (Huari) intrusion
Eclipsed late Moche administrative city (500–850 CE) 12 km inland from Huacas de Moche (Huaca del Sol/Luna), occupying terraced hill with 3 civic–ceremonial mounds 10–15 m high (Plataforma Principal,…
🇯🇵 Japan · Ancient village
Kashiwabara (Hokkaido)
Jomon Late 1000 BCE → Epi-Jomon 300 BCE–500 CE → Satsumon 500–1100 CE → Honshu Yayoi influence · Epi-Jomon (Hokkaido) with Yayoi rice intrusion
Hokkaido rice-frontier paddy trial (300 BCE–300 CE) at Kashiwabara Ebetsu — 8 pit houses with failed rice vs salmon–nut; paddy northern limit.
🇮🇳 India · Ancient city
Kausambi (Ancient Kosambi)
Mahajanapada 600 BCE → Mauryan → Gupta 4th c CE · Vatsa Janapada → Mauryan → Sunga–Gupta (Middle Ganga)
Kausambi (Kosambi) — capital of Vatsa Mahajanapada (c.600 BCE–300 CE) on Yamuna 56 km SW Prayagraj, excavated 1949–56 by G.R. Sharma (Allahabad University).
🇭🇷 Croatia · Submerged site
Narona (Vid) – Submerged Neretva River Port of Illyricum
Illyrian to Byzantine (c. 400 BCE – 614 CE) · Illyrian Daors / Greek / Roman Illyrian / Byzantine
Neretva river harbour – quay 50 m at –0.8 m in Vid marsh behind Neretva delta.
🇳🇬 Nigeria · Archaeological wonder
Samun Dukiya (Nok satellite)
Nigerian Iron Age (1500 BCE–500 CE) · Nok
Waterlogged pit yielding 25 in-situ Nok heads 900 BCE–500 CE and early 550 BCE iron knives.
🇧🇿 Belize · Pyramid
Xunantunich — El Castillo Pyramid (Cayo District, Belize)
Late Classic Maya (600–900 CE) · Maya (Belize River valley)
Dominant Late Classic hilltop capital (600–900 CE) 8 km from Guatemala border atop 45 m limestone ridge giving illusion of height beyond its 25 m constructed mass (total 40 m above plaza).
🇪🇬 Egypt · Buried city
Antinoopolis – Hadrian's Nile Harbour City of Antinous, Sheikh Abada
Roman to Medieval (130–700 CE) · Greek / Roman / Egyptian / Hadrianic
Hadrian 130 CE Greek polis where Antinous drowned — 400x120 m Nile harbour grid city 350 ha with 18 m arch.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Aşağı Pınar Kırklareli Thracian Tell
Early Neolithic to Chalcolithic (6200–3800 BCE) · Starčevo → Karanovo I → Karanovo–Gumelnița
Aşağı Pınar Kırklareli Thracian Tell is the flagship Turkish Thrace tell on the Ergene floodplain south of Kırklareli — an 8-m Early Neolithic to Chalcolithic tell (6200–3800 BCE) linking Karanovo I…
🇵🇪 Peru · Pyramid
Bandurria Late Preceramic Pyramid Complex
Late Preceramic (Cotton Preceramic / Norte Chico fringe) · Cotton Preceramic coastal fishers (Bandurria culture)
Late Preceramic beach pyramid Bandurria (3500–1800 BCE): circular Mound 4 30 m ashlar pyramid with shicra fill alongside fishing nets — coastal parallel to Caral.
🇺🇸 United States · Submerged site
Beringia – Drowned Land Bridge
Pleistocene (exposed 36k–11k; fully closed 21k–14k cal BP brown/green zones) · Paleolithic Siberian / Paleo-American / Dyuktai / Clovis ancestors
36k–11k BCE steppe isthmus Alaska–Siberia now 53 m under strait — 2023 cores re-imagined as tundra, not grass.
🇬🇹 Guatemala · Rock art
Bilbao Cotzumalhuapa
Middle to Late Classic (400 – 800 CE) · Cotzumalhuapa
Bilbao Cotzumalhuapa in Escuintla, Guatemala is a Middle to Late Classic (400 – 800 CE) rock art attributed to Cotzumalhuapa culture.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city
Kayalıpınar (ancient Šamuḫa)
Middle Bronze to Iron Age (2000–700 BCE; peak Hittite 1500–1180 BCE) · Hattian → Old Assyrian karum → Hittite → Kaška/Phrygian
Confirmed Šamuḫa on upper Kızılırmak — palace archive and Storm-God cult city of Empire zenith.
🇬🇹 Guatemala · Pyramid
Naachtun Structure XXVII Pyramid (La Perdida)
Early to Late Classic (Kaanul period) · Maya (Kaanul / Tikal sphere)
32 m Late Classic pyramid XXVII at Naachtun — layered Preclassic→Classic pyramid bridging Mirador Basin collapse and Kaanul hegemony c.600 CE.
🇺🇸 United States · Ancient village
Sand Canyon Pueblo
Mesa Verde Late Pueblo III (1230–1280 CE) · Ancestral Pueblo (Mesa Verde northern San Juan)
Fortified Mesa Verde–era hilltown (c.1230–1280 CE, Late Pueblo III) in Sand Canyon alcove headwater — 400-room pueblo with enclosing wall, 22 kivas, great kiva D-shaped 12 m, and 100+ cliff dwellings…