🇨🇱 Chile · Geoglyph
Azapa La Portada Geoglyphs (Eastern Extension)
Formative to Late Intermediate (Alto Ramírez–San Miguel) · Azapa–Cabuza agropastoralists
Eastern Azapa extension at La Portada pass: 18 additive cobble figures beyond Cerro Sombrero.
🇨🇱 Chile · Geoglyph
El Médano – Los Médanos Geoglyphs (Copiapó Dune Field)
El Molle to Copiapó Culture · Copiapó Atacameño–Diaguita caravaneers
Dune-plinth geoglyphs south of Copiapó: 14 trench-revetted figures resisting barchan burial.
🇨🇱 Chile · Geoglyph
Camarones North Terrace Geoglyphs (Northern Camarones Bluff)
Early Intermediate (Alto Ramírez 400 BCE–350 CE) with Archaic midden · Camarones Alto Ramírez valley fishers–farmers (Chinchorro descendant)
18 north bluff figures 200 m above Camarones gorge: round-head giants + llama and 62 m trapezoid to coastal springs.
🇨🇱 Chile · Geoglyph
Cerro Unita South Geoglyph Extension (Gigante S Sur)
Late Intermediate (Tarapacá) · Tarapacá interior oasis people
South spur of Atacama Giant hill: 19 figures including lizard and raptor framing Giant viewshed.
🇨🇱 Chile · Geoglyph
Azapa Cerro Moreno Geoglyphs (Mid-Valley Headland Figures)
Formative to Middle Horizon (Alto Ramírez–Tiwanaku 400–1000 CE) · Azapa Tiwanaku–Cabuza–San Miguel valley oasis
26 mid-A with plumed giants + feline on Cerro Moreno 420 m, above Azapa fertile oasis 18 km from Pacific.
🇨🇱 Chile · Geoglyph
Salar de Llamara Geoglyphs
Late Intermediate Pica-Charcollo · Pica-Charcollo and Atacameno traders
80+ horizontal salt-flat geoglyphs (1000-1350 CE) on Salar de Llamara halite crust, caravan staging road.
🇵🇪 Peru · Geoglyph
La Leche Valley Pampa Geoglyphs (Lambayeque)
Middle Horizon to Late Intermediate (Sicán / Lambayeque) · Sicán / Lambayeque
Seasonal desert pampa (85 m) in lower La Leche basin (6°00′-6°40′S 79°10′-80°00′W) between the Sican capital Batan Grande and Túcume adobe pyramids, georeferenced by UNESCO tentative 6419 (Ceremonial…
🇯🇴 Jordan · Geoglyph
Wadi Rashid North Meander Kites (Northern Loop Meander Field)
PPNB Late–PN · Wadi Rashid meander peninsula trappers
1 peninsula meander kite 700 m: only 500 m artificial walls (220+280) closing 320° natural cliff loop peninsula with star pen 24 m.
🇨🇱 Chile · Geoglyph
Azapa Valley Geoglyphs
Formative Alto Ramirez to Late Intermediate San Miguel · Azapa (Alto Ramirez, Cabuza, San Miguel)
40+ Azapa Valley terrace geoglyphs (500 BCE-1350 CE) viewed at short range, bridging Formative to Late Intermediate.
🇵🇪 Peru · Geoglyph
Majes-Sihuas Valley Pampa Geoglyphs (Quilcapampa)
Middle Horizon (Wari expansion) with Early Horizon pathways · Wari / Majes rock-art / Sihuas valley agro-pastoral
Large hill-figure and circle geoglyph field on the inter-valley pampa between Río Majes and Río Sihuas (1,450 m), centered near Quilcapampa Wari town (Middle Horizon). Jennings et al.
🇨🇱 Chile · Geoglyph
Lluta Mid-Valley Geoglyphs (Molinos – Rosario Sector)
Late Intermediate (Cabza) · Lluta–Azapa agriculturalists
Mid-Lluta terrace geoglyphs between Poconchile and Molinos: 27 figures on fluvial benches below Alto Ramírez.
🇨🇱 Chile · Geoglyph
Alto Ramírez Geoglyphs (Lluta Valley)
Formative to Middle Horizon (Alto Ramírez to Cabuza-Tiwanaku) · Alto Ramírez / Cabuza / Tiwanaku valley interface
50+ Alto Ramírez–Cabuza hillside figures (800 BCE–1000 CE) in Lluta Valley Precordillera.
🇨🇱 Chile · Geoglyph
Salar de Huasco East Ridge Geoglyphs (Eastern Ignimbrite Spur)
Formative to Late Intermediate (Tarapacá 400 BCE–1400 CE) · Tarapacá caravan (Alto Ramírez–Pica)
East-ridge geoglyphs 1.8 km east of Salar de Huasco: 22 ignimbrite figures including caravan llamas and solstice avenue at 3,835 m.
🇵🇪 Peru · Geoglyph
Vitor Valley Pampa Geoglyphs (Corire–La Cano Sector)
Sihuas–Wari to Late Intermediate · Vitor–Sihuas valley people
Vitor pampa geoglyphs between Arequipa and Majes: 21 etched figures with radial avenues to spring wetland.
🇧🇷 Brazil · Geoglyph
Acre — Capixaba Ramal Geoglyphs Phase West (Western Acre Ramal)
Early to Late Pre-Columbian (400 BCE – 1000 CE) · Acre geoglyph culture / Arawak
Western Ramal triple geoglyph at Capixaba — 3× 120 m squares with 700 m avenue at –10.05S.
🇦🇷 Argentina · Geoglyph
Sierra Pintada Geoglyphs
Late pre-Hispanic Agrelo-Viluco · Huarpe-Pehuenche
30 austral basalt geoglyphs (900-1500 CE) on Sierra Pintada, southernmost Andean desert lines at 37S.
🇵🇪 Peru · Geoglyph
Toro Muerto Geoglyphs
Middle Horizon to Late Intermediate Wari-Chuquibamba · Wari-influenced Chuquibamba/Majes
60+ volcanic-pavement geoglyphs (600-1200 CE) beside Toro Muerto petroglyphs, Majes Valley ritual plateau.
🇧🇷 Brazil · Geoglyph
Upper Xingu Kayabi Geoglyph Complex (Pará)
Late Intermediate to Late Horizon (Xingu polyglot / Kayabi) · Upper Xingu archaeological tradition / Kayabi
Southern Amazon forest geoglyph province distinct from Acre-Urubamba: 14 circular and rectangular enclosures (120-320 m) on Xingu headwater interfluvia (260 m, 9°45′S 52°21′W), documented by Mendeley…
🇨🇱 Chile · Hydraulic works
Pica Oasis Socavones and Geoglyphs
Formative to Modern (Alto Ramírez to Colonial) · Tarapacá / Pica-Tarapacá / Hispanic oasis
Pica (1,350 m, 20°29′21″S 69°19′46″W) is the only living oasis of the Atacama with active filtration galleries (socavones) tapping the Pica Aquifer; study by Lictevout et al.
🇨🇱 Chile · Geoglyph
Salar de Huasco Geoglyphs (Huasco Salt Flat Lines)
Late Archaic to Formative (Late Archaic–Alto Ramírez–Tarapacá) · Tarapacá caravan / Alto Ramírez
30+ altiplano caravan geoglyphs (1000 BCE–600 CE) at 3,800 m around Salar de Huasco, Tarapacá.
🇵🇪 Peru · Geoglyph
Chinchaysuyo Ceque Lines (Greater Cusco)
Late Horizon (Inca Imperial) · Inca (Quechua)
High-altitude (3,400 m) radial sacred geography of the Inca capital: 41 ceque lines radiating from Coricancha/Qorikancha to huaca shrines bounding Sacsayhuamán pampa and Chinchaysuyo suyu.
🇧🇴 Bolivia · Geoglyph
Salar de Uyuni Hill Figures & Salt-Flat Geoglyphs
Formative to Middle Horizon (Lípez–Intersalar) · Lípez / Intersalar–early Tiwanaku
25+ hill and salar-margin geoglyphs (800 BCE–800 CE) guiding Lípez salt caravans at 3,656 m.
🇨🇱 Chile · Geoglyph
Pampa Dos Palmas Geoglyphs (Pica – Matilla Corridor)
Late Intermediate (Pica–Tarapacá) · Pica–Tarapacá oasis farmers
Pampa between Pica and Matilla: 24 rhombus and avenue figures aligned to puquio water galleries.
🇯🇴 Jordan · Geoglyph
Jabal Ithnayn East Col Kites (Twin Peaks Eastern Pass)
PPNB Late to LN (7000–5500 BCE) · Ithnayn twin-cone pass trappers (Maitland–Kheshabiyeh fringe)
6 pass-straddling kites 740 m: 900 m walls ascend 38° cone slopes to dual opposing pens in 420 m col — only ridge-break kite system.