🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city
Ani
Bagratuni Armenian Kingdom · Armenian
Medieval Armenian capital (961–1045) at peak 100,000 inhabitants, Bagratuni palaces, Cathedral of Ani (1001), Tigran Honents church with frescoes, double city walls.
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The catalogue
9,978 places to sift through. Narrow by kind, country, period or how firmly each one is established — contested and pseudoarchaeological claims are labelled here, never hidden.
🇲🇽 Mexico · Pyramid
Preclassic to Postclassic (300 BCE – 1200 CE) · Mix: Cholulteca, Teotihuacan, Olmeca-Xicallanca
Largest pyramid by volume in world: 450 m sided adobe brick pyramid with successive construction phases, now hill topped by Spanish church of Nuestra Señora de los Remedios.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city
Bagratuni Armenian Kingdom · Armenian
Medieval Armenian capital (961–1045) at peak 100,000 inhabitants, Bagratuni palaces, Cathedral of Ani (1001), Tigran Honents church with frescoes, double city walls.
🇱🇾 Libya · Ancient city
Garamantian to Islamic (5th c. BCE–present) · Garamantian / Berber / Islamic
Herodotean palm grove oasis with foggaras and ksour granaries (200 chambers).
🇱🇾 Libya · Fortress
Roman Tripolitania (2nd–7th c. CE) · Roman (Tripolitanian Lim.
Tarhouna centenarium fort (60×40 m) controlling olive terraces.
🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Archaeological wonder
Literary 12th c. (Geoffrey) – 15th c. Malory · Cornish-Welsh Celtic / Anglo-Norman
Geoffrey of Monmouth 1136 Otherworld isle where Excalibur forged, Arthur taken after Camlann to be healed by Morgan le F...
🇮🇳 India · Submerged site
Claimed 7500 BCE (dated wood not architecture) · Unknown claimed
2001 NIOT sonar detection of putative paleo-river channel structures and rectangular blocks at 20–40 m depth, announced as 9,000-year city; follow-up coring disputed.
🇪🇹 Ethiopia · Temple complex
Sabaean–D‘MT (c. 700 BCE – 300 CE; Great Temple c. 700 BCE) · Sabaean–Ethiopian (D‘MT kingdom, South Arabian influence)
Best-preserved pre-Axumite monument, Yeha's Great Temple (18.5×15 m, 14 m high) in ashlar with Sabaean inscription and Ethiopian–South Arabian altar, beside Grat Beal Gebri palace...
🇲🇹 Malta · Megalith
Late Neolithic – Chalcolithic · Maltese Temple culture (Żebbuġ to Tarxien)
Three-level underground necropolis/sanctuary carved in limestone, 10.6 m deep, halls including Oracle Room with acoustic resonance. Only prehistoric underground temple in world.
🇬🇷 Greece · Temple complex
Hellenistic to Roman · Greek/Hippocratic
Asclepieion of Kos in Dodecanese, Kos, Greece is a Hellenistic to Roman temple complex attributed to Greek/Hippocratic culture.
🇱🇾 Libya · Ancient city
Roman (Augustan–7th c. CE) · Roman (Tripolitania)
Syrtic frontier fort at Bu Grada lagoon terminus of limes road.
🇳🇬 Nigeria · Rock art
Iron Age to Kagoro Kingdom (500 BCE–present) · Nok / Kagoro (Southern Kaduna)
Quartzite gong field (6 slabs) with Kpop fort walls (2 km).
🇺🇸 United States · Ancient village
Pueblo I–III (600–1300 CE) · Ancestral Puebloan (Anasazi)
Ancestral Puebloan cliff dwellings (600–1300 CE) with 600 sites including Cliff Palace (150 rooms, 23 kivas) under sandstone alcoves, transitioning from pithouses to masonry pueblos before…
🇱🇾 Libya · Ancient city
Greek / Roman · Greek (Cyrenean)
Agrarian interior capital of Pentapolis founded 560 BCE by Cyrene exiles, mother of Ptolemais port. Agora terrace, Amun temple, theatre and Hellenistic walls.
🇵🇰 Pakistan · Ancient village
Mesolithic to Harappan (7000–1900 BCE) · Mesolithic to Harappan (Sindh lithic tradition)
Rohri Hills is a 1200×850 m chert quarry complex (7000 BCE–2000 BCE) atop the Sukkur limestone plateau, 40 ha of Harappan blade mines with 200+ pits (6 m deep) and debitage cones (10 m high)…
🇹🇳 Tunisia · Ancient city
Numidian to Byzantine (3rd c. BCE–7th c. CE) · Numidian / Roman
Ridge municipium controlling Dougga plain with triple arch and capitol.
🇫🇷 France · Megalith
Late Neolithic · Armorican Late Neolithic
Gallery dolmen (allée couverte) at Trégastel, Côte de Granit Rose (c. 3200–2600 BCE), 11 m long gallery in pink granite with 16 orthostats and capstones, entrance flanked by portal stones, tumulus…
🇫🇷 France · Megalith
Neolithic · Morbihan Neolithic
Er Grah Tumulus & Grand Menhir Brisé in Brittany, Morbihan, France is a Neolithic megalithic attributed to Morbihan Neolithic culture.
🇳🇵 Nepal · Temple complex
Mauryan Ashokan (244 BCE) to early historic Buddhist · Mauryan Ashokan (Kapilavastu Sakya)
Gotihawa is an Ashokan pillar site (244 BCE) and early Buddhist stupa 20 km west of Lumbini, marking Kakusandha Buddha's birthplace with cracked brick stupa (12 m) and pillar stump (2.1 m) with…
🇯🇴 Jordan · Ancient city
Nabataean to Roman (312 BCE–363 CE earthquake) · Nabataean / Arab
Nabataean caravan city (312 BCE–106 CE) carved into sandstone cliffs: Al-Khazneh Treasury, Theatre, Monastery Ad-Deir, Royal Tombs, and hydraulic system capturing desert flash floods.
🇫🇷 France · Rock shelter
Upper Palaeolithic (Gravettian) · Gravettian / Noailles
Rock shelter at Brassempouy, Landes, famous for Gravettian occupation (29,000–22,000 BP) yielding the Dame de Brassempouy ivory Venus (23,000 BP) and eight other ivory figurines, with rich Gravettian…
🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Megalith
Late Neolithic · Late Neolithic Peak District
Arbor Low in Derbyshire, England, United Kingdom is a Late Neolithic megalithic attributed to Late Neolithic Peak District culture.
🇳🇬 Nigeria · Ancient village
Chad Basin Late Stone Age · Gajiganna culture
Urn-field mound complex defining Gajiganna culture bridging Saharan and sub-Saharan pastoralism before Kanem.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Ancient city
Old to Middle Kingdom / Late Period · Egyptian
Capital of Heracleopolitan dynasty (Dyn 9–10, 2160–2055 BCE) whose 'Instruction for Merikare' defines First Intermediate Period.
🇵🇰 Pakistan · Tell
Mature Harappan (2600–1900 BCE) · Harappan
Judeirjo-Daro — Sindh Harappan Walled Town in Sindh, Pakistan is a Mature Harappan (2600–1900 BCE) tell attributed to Harappan. Walled Harappan town 14 ha with citadel.
