🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Megalith
Stanydale Temple
Late Neolithic – Early Bronze Age · Shetland Late Neolithic / Beaker
Shetland's largest Neolithic hall — 12×7 m heel-cairn hall with 3 m thick walls, c.2500 BCE.
🇩🇪 Germany · Megalith
Goseck Circle
Early Neolithic · Stichbandkeramik / Stroke-Ornamented ware
4900 BCE circular ditch and double timber palisade with solstice gates — Europe's oldest solar observatory.
🇮🇷 Iran · Tell
Chogha Golan
Pre-Pottery Neolithic to Chalcolithic (c.11700–3600 BCE) · PPNA → PPNB → Early Chalcolithic (Seimareh Neolithic)
Seimareh 10kyr Neolithic tell 8 m (c.11.7–3.6 ka, 12000 plant samples, pisé) near Seimareh valley.
🇮🇷 Iran · Tell
Sang-e Chakhmaq
Neolithic–Transitional Chalcolithic (c.7500–4500 BCE) · Jeitun-related → Cheshmeh Ali (Northeast Iran Neolithic)
Shahroud two-mound Neolithic tell (c.7500–4500 BCE, West PPN timber, East painted, 1400 m) at Shahrud.
🇷🇺 Russia · Kurgan
Samara Culture (Sokol Povolzhye Sites)
Neolithic–Eneolithic; Samara forager to stock-herder · Samara culture (Volga Neolithic) → Khvalynsk → Yamnaya
Volga Neolithic Samara type sites (5500–4800 BCE) — pit-house villages and Mariupol cemeteries on Sokol bend, defining early steppe pottery and forager transition.
🇮🇪 Ireland · Megalith
Poulnabrone Dolmen
Early Neolithic · Early Neolithic Ireland (Lambay / Burren Neolithic)
Burren's iconic portal dolmen — 3.7 m capstone over 2.5 m chamber holding 33 Neolithic burials in limestone clint landscape.
🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia · Earthwork
Mustatils of Northwest Arabia
Late Neolithic (~5500–3500 BCE) · Neolithic Arabian pastoralist
More than 1,600 elongated rectangular courtyard monuments – Arabic mustatil – stitched across 200,000 km² of Saudi desert between the Nefud and Red Sea, rendered visible only by satellite.
🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Megalith
Jarlshof Prehistoric and Norse Settlement
Multi-period: Neolithic to Medieval (c.2500 BCE–1600 CE) · Neolithic → Bronze Age → Iron Age (Broch) → Pictish → Norse
4,000-year layered settlement mound at Shetland's southern tip with broch, wheelhouses, Viking longhouse and medieval farm.
🇮🇳 India · Rock art
Edakkal Caves
Neolithic to Iron Age (~6000 BCE – 1000 BCE; inscriptions to 1st century CE) · South Indian Neolithic to Iron Age; Sangam to Tamil-Brahmi
Natural cleft formed by a 4-m boulder bridging a rift in Ambukuthimala hill reveals Old Kannada petroglyphs: over 400 engravings of ibex-like 'Indus-style' jar, stickmen, Sun Plan wheels and a…
🇸🇪 Sweden · Ancient village
Alvastra Pile Dwelling
Middle Neolithic (c.3200–2800 BCE) · Funnel Beaker (TRB)
Neolithic pile dwelling (c.3000 BCE) of the Funnel Beaker culture on the former shore of Lake Vättern, with piles preserved in peat, pottery, flint and cemeteries.
🇯🇴 Jordan · Earthwork
Desert Kites of Jordan and Syria
Pre-Pottery Neolithic to Bronze Age (~7000–3000 BCE) · Neolithic–Chalcolithic hunter-pastoralist
Over 5,800 kite structures sprawl across the harraat basalt deserts of Jordan, Syria and Saudi Arabia, each comprising two converging low walls up to 5 km long funneling gazelle herds into a stone…
🇪🇬 Egypt · Ancient village
Merimde Beni Salama
Neolithic Merimde culture (4800–4300 BCE) · Lower Egyptian Neolithic (Merimde)
Merimde Beni Salama is Egypt's largest Neolithic village, 4800–4300 BCE Merimde culture, 44 ha mound with 1.5 m stratigraphy, oval houses 5×3 m wattle-and-daub, burial in settlement, lithics,…
🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Megalith
Dwarfie Stane
Late Neolithic · Orcadian Neolithic
Rock-cut tomb carved from single 8.6 m boulder on Hoy, the only one in Britain, c.3000 BCE.
🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Megalith
Taversoe Tuick Chambered Cairn
Late Neolithic · Grooved Ware / Maeshowe tradition
Rousay's unique two-storey cairn — lower and upper chambers stacked in 15 m round mound.
🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Megalith
Stoney Littleton Long Barrow
Early Neolithic (~3750 BCE) · Cotswold-Severn Neolithic
One of Somerset's finest Severn-Cotswold tombs extending 30 m with a distinctive trapezoidal mound and seven lateral chambers opening from a central passage.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient village
Suberde (Göğrem Su Göleti)
Aceramic Neolithic to Early Pottery Neolithic · Central/West Anatolian Neolithic
Aceramic Neolithic lakeside tell (c.7500–6500 BCE) on terrace of Lake Suğla near Karadağ, excavated 1965–71 by Jacques Bordaz.
🇮🇪 Ireland · Megalith
Creevykeel Court Tomb
Early Neolithic · Court Tomb tradition (Western Neolithic Ireland)
55.5 m court tomb on Sligo coast — 13×10 m oval court to twin gallery, best preserved in northwest.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Hacılar
Late Neolithic to Early Chalcolithic · Burdur Lake Neolithic (Hacılar culture)
Pottery Neolithic to Chalcolithic tell (5700–3500 BCE) in the Burdur Lake District, where James Mellaart uncovered nine aceramic and ceramic Neolithic levels with lime-plaster floors and spectacular…
🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Megalith
Callanish III (Cnoc Fillibhir Bheag)
Late Neolithic · Hebridean Late Neolithic
Concentric double circle (13.7 m outer) with inner 4-stone ring and cairn, 500 m SE of Callanish I.
🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Archaeological wonder
Sweet Track
Early Neolithic (~3807 BCE) · British Early Neolithic
The oldest engineered timber trackway in northern Europe, a 1.8-km raised walkway of oak planks pegged to transverse ash rails, dendro-dated to construction in the winter–spring of 3807 BCE.
🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Megalith
La Hougue Bie
Middle Neolithic (~4000–3500 BCE; medieval chapel atop) · Armorican / Channel Neolithic (Norman Neolithic)
Jersey's paramount Neolithic monument crowns a 12-m artificial mound containing a cruciform passage grave with a 12-m roofed chamber aligned so equinox sunrise illuminates the rear cell.
🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Earthwork
Stonehenge Cursus
Early Neolithic 3800–3600 BCE · Early Neolithic Britons
2.7-km Neolithic processional enclosure predating Stonehenge by 500 years.
🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Megalith
Unstan Chambered Cairn
Early Neolithic · Unstan Ware Neolithic
Eponymous stalled cairn at Stenness — 8.4 m five-compartment chamber where Unstan Ware was first identified.
🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Megalith
Audleystown Court Tomb
Early Neolithic · Irish Court Tomb
Dual court tomb above Strangford Lough narrows, two opposed galleries, eight chambers, 34 burials, c.3900 BCE.