🇨🇳 China · Hydraulic works
Karez of Turpan
Han dynasty 142 BCE to Qing · Han, Uyghur, Hui oasis communities
2000-year karez underground qanat network (5,000 km, 1,100 lines) feeding Turpan Depression vineyards from Tian Shan snowmelt.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Buried city
Theadelphia — Bat el-Harun Buried Village at Fayum West-Central (Theadelphia)
Ptolemaic to Late Roman (275 BCE – 350 CE) · Greco-Roman Fayum
West-central Fayum vineyard village Theadelphia 1–2 m buried at Bat el-Harun — Psenpheros temple 15×12 m at –1 m and canal quay 50 m.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Buried city
Bakchias — Kom el-Atl Buried Settlement at Fayum Central (Umm el-Atl)
Ptolemaic to Late Roman (270 BCE – 300 CE) · Greco-Roman Fayum
Central Fayum vineyard port Bakchias 1–2 m buried at Kom el-Atl — Soknobkonneus temple at –1 m and wine press.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Buried city
Marea — Southern Vineyard and Press Complex at Lake Mareotis South
Ptolemaic to Early Arab (300 BCE – 800 CE) · Ptolemaic / Byzantine
Southern vineyard of Marea — 4 presses and saqiya canal 4.5 m linking to harbour, now 1.8 m silted south chora.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Buried city
Bakchias — Kom el-Atl Eastern Buried Settlement (Fayum Central-East)
Ptolemaic to Roman (300 BCE – 400 CE) · Ptolemaic Greek / Roman Egyptian
Eastern vineyard sector of Bakchias at Kom el-Atl — 280 m estate wall and canal at –2.5 m.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Buried city
Philadelphia — Kom el-Kharaba Western Buried City (Fayum East West)
Ptolemaic to Roman (256 BCE – 400 CE) · Ptolemaic Greek
Western estate of Philadelphia at Kom el-Kharaba — 85 m vineyard wall and 70 m granary quay.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Buried city
Theadelphia — Bat el-Harun Buried Village at Fayum West-Central (Theadelphia) — v2
Ptolemaic to Late Roman (275 BCE – 350 CE) · Greco-Roman Fayum
West-central Fayum vineyard village Theadelphia 1–2 m buried at Bat el-Harun — Psenpheros temple 15×12 m at –1 m and canal quay 50 m.
🇺🇦 Ukraine · Submerged site
Nymphaion — Northern Vineyard Terrace Submerged Harbour
Archaic to Late Antiquity (580 BCE – 400 CE) · Milesian Greek / Bosporan
Northern drowned vineyard-harbour of Nymphaion — rock-cut quay and vine trenches 1.8–3.2 m in Geroevka Bay.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Buried city
Bakchias — Kom el-Atl Buried Settlement at Fayum Central (Umm el-Atl) — v2
Ptolemaic to Late Roman (270 BCE – 300 CE) · Greco-Roman Fayum
Central Fayum vineyard port Bakchias 1–2 m buried at Kom el-Atl — Soknobkonneus temple at –1 m and wine press.