🇨🇳 China · Hydraulic works
Zhengguo Canal – Jingyang Irrigation Canal (Zheng Guo Qu)
Warring States to Han continuous · Qin with Han engineer Zheng Guo (鄭國)
246 BCE 'sabotage' canal that irrigated 27,000 ha and enabled Qin to unify China.
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Tagsirrigation
12 places carry this tag, across every kind and continent it appears in.
🇹🇿 Tanzania · Earthwork
Iron Age Iraqw / Sonjo (15th–19th c intensive agricultural) · Iraqw / Sonjo (Datoga/Maasai pressure oral)
3,000 ha irrigated stone terrace and furrow system with 500+ compounds and 5 km canals on Rift escarpment – irrigation without state.
🇨🇳 China · Hydraulic works
Warring States to Han continuous · Qin with Han engineer Zheng Guo (鄭國)
246 BCE 'sabotage' canal that irrigated 27,000 ha and enabled Qin to unify China.
🇮🇳 India · Hydraulic works
Early Historic to Medieval · Early Chola, Medieval Chola, Vijayanagara
800-m-east Kallanai east channel with 9-sluice Chola regulator feeding east delta.
🇾🇪 Yemen · Hydraulic works
Sabaean to Himyarite · Kingdom of Saba (Sabaean South Arabian) then Himyar
480-m east rockfill barrage of Great Marib Dam at Balaq Hills gap.
🇮🇷 Iran · Ancient city
Early Village to Islamic (6000 BCE–1000 CE; peaks Ubaid–Uruk and Old Elamite) · Deh Luran Village → Ubaid → Uruk → Proto-Elamite → Elamite → Islamic
Deh Luran's largest tell (15.5 ha) with 6000 BCE-to-Elamite sequence and Amorite seal.
🇯🇴 Jordan · Hydraulic works
Early Bronze Age IA · Proto-Jawa
1.8-km spate canal feeding 12-ha bunded fields north of Jawa town.
🇺🇸 United States · Ancient village
Hohokam Pioneer to Classic (300 BCE–1450 CE) · Hohokam (Sonoran Desert farmers)
Type-site and capital of Hohokam Culture (c.300 BCE–1450 CE, Pioneer to Classic) — 2 km² canal-irrigated village with 2 ballcourts, platform mounds, and 100 km of canals off Gila River irrigating…
🇲🇽 Mexico · Ancient city
Early–Middle Formative 1500–500 BCE (Rosario phase) · Zapotec (Mogote phase)
Earliest Zapotec urban precursor with Monument 3 captive blood glyph, earliest Oaxacan writing 600 BCE.
🇾🇪 Yemen · Hydraulic works
Sabaean Kingdom, Early South Arabian (~1750 BCE – 570 CE) · Sabaean (South Arabian, Kingdom of Saba)
Earthfill diversion dam spanning the Wadi Adhanah and flanked by the limestone North and South Sluices with Sabaean monumental inscriptions.
🇮🇷 Iran · Hydraulic works
Achaemenid to present ~700 BCE–present · Persian (Median/Achaemenid onward)
71 km 2,115-shaft Zarch qanat - world's longest - still feeding Yazd after 3,000 years.
🇮🇳 India · Hydraulic works
Chola Early historic to Medieval (100 – 1030 CE) · Tamil Chola hydraulic statecraft
South Vennar regulator of 2nd-c Chola anicut with Rajendra I inscriptions 1012 CE.
🇩🇿 Algeria · Ancient city
Roman (2nd c. CE–7th c. CE) · Roman (Numidia)
Municipium famed for 220 CE water-law inscription regulating drought rotation.
