🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia · Buried city
Buried City of Marsh
Classical Antiquity (800 BCE–500 CE) · Classical
Buried City of Marsh in Asir Province, Saudi Arabia is a Classical Antiquity (800 BCE–500 CE) buried city attributed to Classical culture.
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CategoriesBuried cities
Settlements sealed under ash, sand or silt and excavated centuries later.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient village
Late Chalcolithic to EBA III (4200–2000 BCE) · Pontic Chalcolithic–EBA (Bafra horizon; Maikop affinities)
Pontic coastal necropolis 4200–2000 BCE — 600 graves, arsenical bronze.
🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia · Buried city
Classical Antiquity (800 BCE–500 CE) · Classical
Buried City of Marsh in Asir Province, Saudi Arabia is a Classical Antiquity (800 BCE–500 CE) buried city attributed to Classical culture.
🇸🇾 Syria · Buried city
Hellenistic (323–31 BCE) · Hellenistic
Moss Cairn Buried Settlement in Homs Governorate, Syria is a Hellenistic (323–31 BCE) buried city attributed to Hellenistic culture.
🇧🇬 Bulgaria · Tell
Early Neolithic to Chalcolithic (5700–4300 BCE) · Karanovo II–VI → Kodžadermen–Gumelniţa
Ritual house tell 5700 BCE — plaster floor with 13 inhumations (Todorova).
🇸🇾 Syria · Tell
Early Jazira I–V (3100–2100 BCE) · Early Jazira Hurrian precursor → Akkadian
EJ II Nabada planned insula 2420 BCE — tablet sealings & kiln quarter (Lebeau).
🇱🇾 Libya · Buried city
Chalcolithic (4500–3300 BCE) · Chalcolithic
Cist Port Buried Settlement in Fezzan, Libya is a Chalcolithic (4500–3300 BCE) buried city attributed to Chalcolithic culture.
🇸🇾 Syria · Ancient village
Pre-Pottery Neolithic B (8700–7500 BCE; phases I–III) · PPNB Levantine (Ghuta facies)
PPNB Ghuta village 8700 BCE — plastered skulls & earliest barley (Stordeur).
🇮🇱 Israel · Ancient city
Chalcolithic to Iron Age / Persian · Canaanite → Egyptian → Israelite
Strategic tell commanding Via Maris (Egypt-Mesopotamia road) through Jezreel, occupied 7000 BCE–586 BCE with 26 strata, Thutmosis III 1457 BCE battle (first battle in recorded history), Canaanite…
🇮🇶 Iraq · Buried city
Middle Bronze Age (2100–1550 BCE) · Middle Bronze Age
Buried City of Brown in Dhi Qar, Iraq is a Middle Bronze Age (2100–1550 BCE) buried city attributed to Middle Bronze Age culture.
🇺🇸 United States · Ancient city
Pueblo II–III (1050–1140 CE) · Ancestral Pueblo (Chacoan)
Cliff-point Great House 1050 CE — oval arc & solstice pictograph.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Neolithic to Iron; Amuq A-B emphasis · Amuq A/B Neolithic → Ubaid → EBA → Iron Syro-Hittite
Amuq A Neolithic type mound (18 ha) — earliest Amuq painted village (c.6000 BCE) through Iron, defining northern Levantine Neolithic base.
🇺🇸 United States · Ancient city
Pueblo II–III Chacoan (1080–1140 CE) · Ancestral Pueblo (Chacoan)
South Road Great House 1080 CE — 120 rooms, kiva & 9 m Chaco road.
🇲🇷 Mauritania · Necropolis
Medieval Ghana Empire (9th–13th c. CE) · Soninke (Ghana Empire) / Sanhaja / Berber
Dune necropolis 800 m west of Koumbi Saleh with 300 tumuli and Kufic qubba.
🇮🇶 Iraq · Tell
Ubaid to Neo-Assyrian (4500 BCE–600 BCE; peak LC 3700 BCE) · Ubaid → Late Chalcolithic → Ninevite 5 → Mitanni → Neo-Assyrian
LC mega-nucleation 3700 BCE — 15 ha then 80 ha hollow-way town.
🇸🇾 Syria · Tell
Late Chalcolithic to Iron Age (3500–600 BCE; peak MBA–Neo-Assyrian) · Uruk → EBA → Middle Assyrian → Neo-Assyrian Aramean (Bit-Adini)
Burmarina Neo-Assyrian tablet town 725 BCE — MBA to cremation cemetery.
🇵🇪 Peru · Buried city
Chimú (1200–1470 CE Chimu Empire; Tschudi palace 1400 CE last Nik An) · Chimú (Chan Chan 9 palaces 100k pop)
Chan Chan excavated by Bennett, Moseley, 1200–1470 Chimú 100k population 20 km².
🇸🇾 Syria · Ancient city
Early Bronze to Late Bronze (Amorite Hurrian) · Amorite then Hurrian-Mitanni Egyptian orbit
Mighty Middle Bronze (c.2800–1340 BCE) kingdom city of Qatna controlling eastern Homs basin, with 1 km-square royal palace (largest Bronze Age palace in Syria, 10,000 m²) and intact royal hypogeum…
🇬🇷 Greece · Buried city
Early Medieval (500–1000 CE) · Bronze Age
Bouldnor Cliff Mesolithic Submerged Floor North in Pavlopetri Coast, Greece is a Early Medieval (500–1000 CE) buried city attributed to Bronze Age culture.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Halaf to EBA III (5600–2000 BCE; main 3100–2000 BCE) · Halaf → Uruk interaction → EBA Karababa and Transcaucasian
EBA terrace tell on Suruç plain — Halaf under EBA jar-burial cemetery.
🇯🇴 Jordan · Ancient city
Late Roman/Byzantine to Umayyad · Roman/Byzantine → Umayyad Arab
Black basalt desert castle (qasr) on the shores of seasonal Burqu Lake and Roman strata — possibly Byzantine Valentinian outpost incorporated into Umayyad qusur (~700 CE) — isolated in Harra basalt…
🇲🇽 Mexico · Buried city
Early Bronze Age (3000–2000 BCE) · Local Neolithic
Yarmouth Roads Submerged Forest West in Yucatán Cenote, Mexico is a Early Bronze Age (3000–2000 BCE) buried city attributed to Local Neolithic culture.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Chalcolithic to EBA II (4900–2300 BCE) · Obed → Late Uruk → EBA Karababa
EBA low mound with Uruk citadel — 4900 BCE to 2300 BCE furnace village.
🇿🇼 Zimbabwe · Ancient city
Iron Age (Zimbabwe Period: Great Zimbabwe 1100–1450 CE) · Ancestral Shona (Karanga)
Capital of Kingdom of Zimbabwe (11th–15th c) with dry-stone walls up to 11 m (Great Enclosure) without mortar, Hill Complex and Valley Enclosures controlling Indian Ocean gold trade.
🇦🇺 Australia · Buried city
Iron Age (1200 BCE–500 CE) · Local Neolithic
Axel Heiberg Lost City North in Bonaparte Shelf, Australia is a Iron Age (1200 BCE–500 CE) buried city attributed to Local Neolithic culture.
