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CategoriesFortresses
Walls, citadels and hill forts.
🇸🇩 Sudan · Fortress
Abu Nafisa fort is a ruin located on the left bank of the Nile, in Khartoum Province (Sudan). It was built by the rulers of Alwa.
Palestinian National Authority · Fortress
Hisham's Palace (Arabic: قصر هشام Qaṣr Hishām), also known as Khirbat al-Mafjar (Arabic: خربة المفجر), is an important early Islamic archaeological site in the city of Jericho, in the West Bank in…
🇱🇧 Lebanon · Fortress
The Barsbay Tower (Arabic: برج برسباي, romanized: Burj Barsbay), also known as Lions Tower (Arabic: برج السباع, romanized: Burj es-Sibaa), is a small Mamluk military fortress located at the far…
🇦🇲 Armenia · Fortress
Baghaberd (Armenian: Բաղաբերդ;) a fortress in the Dzork province of the historical Syunik province of Greater Armenia.
🇱🇧 Lebanon · Fortress
The Citadel of Tripoli (Arabic: قَلْعَة طَرَابُلُس ALA-LC: Qalʻat Ṭarābulus) is a 12th-century fortress in Tripoli, Lebanon.
🇮🇷 Iran · Fortress
Iron Age III (900–600 BCE) · Mannaean–Scythian
Iron Age III (900–600 BCE) fortress of Mannaean–Scythian in Kurdistan Province, Saqqez (c.750 BCE).
🇮🇶 Iraq · Ancient city
Iron Age (1000–714 BCE) · Hurro-Urartian
Iron Age (1000–714 BCE) ancient-city of Hurro-Urartian in Sulaymaniyah Governorate, Sidekan (c.1000 BCE).
🇮🇱 Israel · Fortress
Cafarlet or Capharleth (Crusader name) or Kafr Lam (Arabic name) is an Early Muslim coastal fortress of the Roman castrum type.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Fortress
Urartian (810–730 BCE) · Urartian (Menua)
Urartian (810–730 BCE) fortress of Urartian (Menua) in Ağrı Province, Patnos Plain (c.800 BCE).
🇮🇹 Italy · Fortress
The Castello della Magione (also Magione di San Giovanni al Ponte or Spedale di San Giovanni in Gerusalemme alla Magione) is a medieval castle in Poggibonsi (province of Siena, central Italy) that…
🇴🇲 Oman · Fortress
Bahla Fort (Arabic: قلعة بهلاء, romanized: Qalʿat Bahlāʿ) is one of four historic fortresses situated at the foot of the Jebel Akhdar highlands in Oman and was the country's first UNESCO-listed fort…
Mandatory Palestine · Fortress
Kafr Lam (Arabic: كفر لام) was a Palestinian Arab village located 26 kilometres (16 mi) south of Haifa on the Mediterranean coast.
🇸🇩 Sudan · Ancient city
Middle Kingdom to New Kingdom (1950–1070 BCE; fort peak 1860 BCE) · Ancient Egyptian occupier of Nubia (Wawat)
Second Cataract fortress Buhen — Sesostris III's 5-m bastioned walls now 40 m under Nasser.
🇦🇱 Albania · Fortress
Dajti Castle (Albanian: Kalaja e Dajtit) is a 1.12 hectares (2.8 acres) archaeological site in Albania, comprising the ruins of a Roman fortification and several dwellings.
🇸🇪 Sweden · Fortress
Medieval Gotland 12th c (1132) early Christian–Gotlandic Ting · Medieval Gotlandic chieftains (Gutar Christian early)
Bulverket — unique Scandinavian lake pile fortress (c.1132 CE dendro-dated, Medieval 12th c) on Tingstäde Träsk lake, central Gotland, 18 km northeast Visby.
🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia · Fortress
Dhat al-Hajj is an archaeological site in the Tabuk Province of Saudi Arabia, located north of Tabuk and 16 kilometers (9.9 mi) south of the border with Jordan.
🇸🇪 Sweden · Fortress
Migration Period → Viking Age 400–1100 Gotland fornborg · Gotlandic Iron Age Gutar → Viking Age
Torsburgen (Thors Burg) — largest Gotland hillfort (fornborg) Migration–Viking Age (c.400–1100) on Tors limestone plateau 71 m a.s.l., Kräklingbo, eastern Gotland.
🇮🇱 Israel · Fortress
Ein Hemed is a national park and nature reserve in Israel, in the hills seven kilometres west of modern Jerusalem and some 12 kilometres west of the Old City.
🇩🇰 Denmark · Fortress
Gamleborg, also known as Gamleborg Viking Fortress, was the first fortification on the Danish island of Bornholm.
🇸🇩 Sudan · Ancient city
Middle Kingdom to New Kingdom (1900–1070 BCE) · Ancient Egyptian occupier
Twin customs forts Semna–Kumma bracketing Second Cataract with Sesostris III's negro-ship decree.
🇸🇩 Sudan · Ancient city
Middle Kingdom to X-Group (1860–500 BCE peak 1850 BCE) · Ancient Egyptian occupier
Mid-Nile island kite-fort Askut guarding Second Cataract channel.
🇹🇯 Tajikistan · Fortress
Sogdian 5th–8th c → Samanid–Karakhanid 10th–13th c · Sogdian → Samanid Islamic (Zeravshan valley)
Chilhudzhra (Fortress of Forty Daughters) — Sogdian–Islamic mountain fortress (5th–13th c CE) 60 km east Panjakent, Zeravshan valley Fann foothills, excavated 1960s–80s Negmatov and Pulatov.
🇩🇪 Germany · Fortress
The Heidenmauer ("heathen wall") near the Palatine county town of Bad Dürkheim in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate is a circular rampart or ringwork, two and a half kilometres long, which was…
🇮🇷 Iran · Fortress
Gerdkooh ancient hills (Persian: تپه باستان گردکوه) consists of three hills, the tallest of which is 26 m in height. Their history has been estimated to date back to the Iron Age.
