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CategoriesMounds
Platform and burial mounds of the Americas and beyond.
🇸🇾 Syria · Tell
Neolithic through Old Babylonian (Halaf/Ubaid through Khabur Ware Ašnakkum) · Halaf → Ubaid → Ninevite V → Akkadian → Ur III → Old Babylonian (Ašnakkum)
Tell Chagar Bazar (Ašnakkum / Khabur Ware Capital) is a multi-period tell/ancient village in Hasakah Governorate, Khabur Triangle, Wadi Dara tributary, Syria — Khabur Triangle city-state capital…
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Late Chalcolithic through Roman (Chalcolithic, EB I-III, MBA, Late Bronze, Classical, Roman) · Western Anatolian coastal → Troy I-II contemporary → Mycenaean contact → Ionian Klazomenai
Liman Tepe (Urla-Iskele Prehistoric Harbour) is a multi-period tell/ancient village in İzmir Province, Urla District, Urla-Iskele bay, Turkey — Earliest Aegean harbour town — prehistoric port with…
🇧🇴 Bolivia · Hypothetical site
Hypothetical 1200 CE if mound (unvalidated) or Holocene floating mat natural · Hypothetical Casarabe lagoon islet (unvalidated) or natural floating polder
Hypothetical Moxos central lagoon islet 200 m 2.5 m inside Cedro lagoon with 500 m causeway — ground truth floating camalote mat not mound, levee 0.4 m natural, hippo burrow suspected.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Late Chalcolithic through Iron Age (Chalcolithic, EBA, Hittite, Iron) · Hattian → Hittite (Tapikka) → Phrygian/Kaska contact
Maşat Höyük (Tapigga / Tapikka) is a multi-period tell/ancient village in Tokat Province, Zile District, Yeşilırmak headwaters, Turkey — Hittite northeastern frontier archive town controlling Kaska…
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Early Bronze through Iron Age (EBA, MBA, LB, Neo-Hittite Samʾal, Assyrian) · Neo-Hittite Luwian-Aramaean Samʾal → Assyrian province
Zincirli Höyük (Samʾal) — Iron Age Citadel Northeast is a multi-period tell/ancient village in Gaziantep Province, İslahiye District, Samʾal plain, Turkey — Aramaean-Neo-Hittite kingdom capital with…
🇧🇬 Bulgaria · Tell
Chalcolithic → Early Bronze Ezero culture (4600–3200 BCE) · Chalcolithic → Early Bronze Ezero culture (4600–3200 BCE)
Ezero Tell in Sliven Province, Nova Zagora Plain, Ezero village, Bulgaria is a Chalcolithic → Early Bronze Ezero culture (4600–3200 BCE) settlement attributed to Chalcolithic → Early Bronze Ezero…
🇷🇴 Romania · Tell
Late Neolithic through Eneolithic (Boian → Gumelnița → Cernavodă) · Boian → Gumelnița → Cernavodă I
Bordușani-Popină (Bordușani Island Tell) is a multi-period tell/ancient village in Ialomița County, Bordușani Commune, Balta Ialomiței island, Danube floodplain, Romania — Danube floodplain island…
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Chalcolithic to Early Bronze Age (4500–2000 BCE) · Chalcolithic–EBA
Göbekli Tepe Buried Enclosure D Central Pillars in Şanlıurfa, Göbekli Tepe, Turkey is a Chalcolithic to Early Bronze Age (4500–2000 BCE) tell attributed to Chalcolithic–EBA.
🇷🇴 Romania · Tell
Middle Neolithic through Eneolithic (Boian → Vădastra → Gumelnița) · Boian → Vădastra → Gumelnița
Vădastra Tell (Vădastra Type-Site Terrace) is a multi-period tell/ancient village in Olt County, Vădastra Commune, Danube terrace, Oltenia plain, Romania — Vădastra eponymous type-site — stratified…
🇮🇷 Iran · Tell
Chalcolithic-Early Bronze (4000-2800 BCE) · Proto-Elamite
Tepe Sialk Necropolis B Extension South — Western Terrace in Isfahan, Kashan, Iran is a Chalcolithic-Early Bronze (4000-2800 BCE) tell attributed to Proto-Elamite.
🇮🇷 Iran · Tell
Chalcolithic-Bronze Age (4000-2000 BCE) · Hissar Culture
Tepe Hissar Burned Building Annex West — Eastern Outlier in Semnan, Damghan, Iran is a Chalcolithic-Bronze Age (4000-2000 BCE) tell attributed to Hissar Culture.
🇸🇾 Syria · Tell
Early Bronze through Iron Age (EBA, Mitanni, Aramaean Arpad, Neo-Assyrian) · EB → Hurrian → Aramaean Bit-Agusi → Assyrian
Tell Rifa'at (Arpad / Arpad of Bit-Agusi) is a multi-period tell/ancient village in Aleppo Governorate, az-Zahra plain, north of Aleppo, Syria — Aramaean Bit-Agusi kingdom capital — rival to Samʾal…
🇮🇶 Iraq · Tell
Chalcolithic to Early Bronze Age (4500–2000 BCE) · Chalcolithic–EBA
Hassuna Buried Level I Pit House 3 in Nineveh, Hassuna, Iraq is a Chalcolithic to Early Bronze Age (4500–2000 BCE) tell attributed to Chalcolithic–EBA.
🇸🇾 Syria · Tell
Chalcolithic to Early Bronze Age (4500–2000 BCE) · Chalcolithic–EBA
Tell Afis Buried Iron Age House B in Idlib, Tell Afis, Syria is a Chalcolithic to Early Bronze Age (4500–2000 BCE) tell attributed to Chalcolithic–EBA.
🇸🇾 Syria · Tell
Halaf → Ubaid → Uruk → EJ II–III → Akkadian → Mitanni · Halaf → Ubaid → Uruk → EJ II–III → Akkadian → Mitanni
Tell Arbid in Al-Hasakah Governorate, Khabur triangle near Amuda, Syria is a Halaf → Ubaid → Uruk → EJ II–III → Akkadian → Mitanni settlement attributed to Halaf → Ubaid → Uruk → EJ II–III → Akkadian…
🇷🇸 Serbia · Tell
Early Chalcolithic Vinča culture (c.5400–4500 BCE); Vinča A–D mining camps 5400–4650 BCE · Vinča (early Chalcolithic Danubian–Balkan copper pioneers)
Europe’s earliest copper mine (c.5400–4500 BCE) — 45 shafts with Vinča picks and firesetting on Danube gorge.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Tell
Predynastic → Dynasty 0–1 (3600–2700 BCE) · Predynastic → Dynasty 0–1 (3600–2700 BCE)
Tell el-Farkha in Dakahlia Governorate, Eastern Delta, Ghazala, Egypt is a Predynastic → Dynasty 0–1 (3600–2700 BCE) settlement attributed to Predynastic → Dynasty 0–1 (3600–2700 BCE) culture.
🇲🇽 Mexico · Tell
Classic to Epiclassic (c.300–900 CE); Classic 300–600 CE, Epiclassic fortified 600–900 CE · Central Veracruz–Puebla highland (Cantona sphere) → Epiclassic Tepeyahualco–Totonac fringe
Cantona-linked lava-field fortress town (c.300–900 CE) with obsidian workshops on Malinche flank (García Cook).
🇸🇾 Syria · Tell
Ubaid → Late Chalcolithic Uruk → Nineveh 5 (5000–3000 BCE) · Ubaid → Late Chalcolithic Uruk → Nineveh 5 (5000–3000 BCE)
Tell Mashnaqa in Al-Hasakah Governorate, Khabur, near Kawkab, Syria is a Ubaid → Late Chalcolithic Uruk → Nineveh 5 (5000–3000 BCE) settlement attributed to Ubaid → Late Chalcolithic Uruk → Nineveh 5…
🇵🇪 Peru · Pyramid
Preceramic to Initial Period (5500–1800 BCE), Kotosh tradition overlap · Preceramic Chicama (Huaca Prieta–El Paraíso)
Blackish ash mound north of Chicama mouth forming 14 m Junius Bird 1946 stratigraphic cut that defined Andean Preceramic sequence — preceramic houses with stone-lined pits, twined cotton textiles…
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Late Chalcolithic → EB I–III → MBA (4300–2000 BCE) · Pontic EBA (Kızılırmak Black Sea, Balkan-Caucasus interface)
Black Sea delta cemetery-tell (4300–2000 BCE) — 2400 EBA gifted graves with arsenical copper, Pontic metallurgy nexus.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Late Chalcolithic through Byzantine; EBA II-III, Hittite, Phrygian, Byzantine · Central Anatolian; Late Chalcolithic, EBA, Hittite Empire, Phrygia
Pleiades Bronze-Iron Age plateau tell (240×140 m) with Chalcolithic to Hittite-Phrygian stratigraphy on Kanak Su, Yozgat — type-site for plateau continuity.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Tell
Third Intermediate (21st–22nd Dynasty) capital; Late Period · 21st Dynasty Tanite → Libyan 22nd Dynasty → Saite → Greek
Delta Third Intermediate capital (177 ha) built entirely from Pi-Ramesses spolia — 21st dynasty walled city with intact royal gold burials, biblical Zoan.
🇮🇶 Iraq · Tell
Samarra through Ubaid 3 (c.5500–4100 BCE); Samarra, Hajji Muhammad, Ubaid 3 · Samarra (Choga Mami) → Hajji Muhammad → Ubaid 3 Hamrin facies
Samarra–Ubaid transition village (c.5500–4100 BCE) with tripartite houses and Iran–south assimilation — Hamrin Samarra outpost.
