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CategoriesMounds
Platform and burial mounds of the Americas and beyond.
🇮🇷 Iran · Ancient city
Early Dynastic III–Akkadian (c.2500–1900 BCE) · Halil (Jiroft) / Proto-Elamite late → Early Dynastic sphere
Monumental third-millennium citadel (13 ha, 21 m high mound with 300 m lower town) on the Halil River, excavated by Yous...
🇺🇦 Ukraine · Ancient city
Trypillia C1 (Cucuteni B2) · Cucuteni-Trypillia (Trypillia mega-site phenomenon)
Cucuteni-Trypillia mega-settlement (c.3850–3700 BCE, 450 ha, perhaps 15,000 inhabitants) — largest city in Europe at that time, larger than Uruk contemporary — with concentric burnt houses (2,700…
🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia · Ancient city
Lihyan to Nabataean to Roman Arabia Petraea · Nabataean Arab
Second capital of Nabataean kingdom after Petra (1st c. BCE–106 CE), with 131 rock-cut monumental tombs with decorated façades (Qasr al-Farid loner tomb iconic), Nabataean Aramaic inscriptions…
🇵🇪 Peru · Pyramid
Late Moche (Moche V, 600–750) · Moche (Late Moche Galindo-Pampa Grande)
Latest Moche capital Pampa Grande (600–750 CE): 38 m Huaca Fortaleza mudbrick pyramid (~290k m³) with hilltop fortress and 1200 workshops, final Moche mega-city.
🇮🇷 Iran · Tell
Neolithic to Sasanian (c.5000 BCE–600 CE) · Fars Chalcolithic → Elam → Persian
Mamasani multiperiod tell 8 m high (Neolithic–Sasanian 6k yr, Bakun–Banesh–Kaftari) west Fars.
🇮🇶 Iraq · Tell
Ubaid (5000–4300 BCE) · Ubaid
Ubaid (5000–4300 BCE) Ubaid tell at Diyala Governorate, Hamrin – ubaid village with grain storages (dims 1.1 ha).
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Chalcolithic to Byzantine (4000 BCE–1200 CE; peak EBA–Phrygian) · EBA → Hittite → Phrygian → Lydian → Byzantine
Central Anatolian plateau capital lower town — Hittite karum to Phrygian burn.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Chalcolithic to EBA II (4900–2300 BCE) · Obed → Late Uruk → EBA Karababa
EBA low mound with Uruk citadel — 4900 BCE to 2300 BCE furnace village.
🇮🇪 Ireland · Tell
Nazca (100 BCE–800 CE) · Nazca
Tell Fan-Moss Burgh in County Kerry, Ireland is a Nazca (100 BCE–800 CE) tell attributed to Nazca culture.
🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Early Woodland Adena 1000–200 BCE · Adena
Second-largest conical mound in Ohio (65 ft/20 m high, 877 ft circumference) and tallest surviving Adena mound, preserved at Miamisburg Mound State Park.
🇧🇴 Bolivia · Tell
Ubaid (6500–3800 BCE) · Ubaid
Tell el-Kot-Low Kara in Oruro, Bolivia is a Ubaid (6500–3800 BCE) tell attributed to Ubaid culture.
🇵🇪 Peru · Pyramid
Initial Period 2200–1000 BCE, Sechín-Casma tradition · Casma-Sechín (Initial Period)
Secondary platform south of main Las Haldas pyramid on coastal terrace 20 m above Pacific tidal flat: 9 m high stepped platform 40×35 m with plastered stair facing sea, contemporary with Sechín Bajo…
🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Iron Age (1200 BCE–500 CE) · Bronze Age
Serpent Mound Egg Enclosure in Mississippi Valley, United States is a Iron Age (1200 BCE–500 CE) earthwork attributed to Bronze Age culture.
🇰🇪 Kenya · Earthwork
Classical Antiquity (800 BCE–500 CE) · Bronze Age
Meroe Northern Cemetery Pyramid in Rift Valley, Kenya is a Classical Antiquity (800 BCE–500 CE) earthwork attributed to Bronze Age culture.
🇳🇬 Nigeria · Earthwork
Late Neolithic (4000–3000 BCE) · Local Neolithic
Sine-Saloum Shell Midden South in Nok Valley, Nigeria is a Late Neolithic (4000–3000 BCE) earthwork attributed to Local Neolithic culture.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Halaf → Mitanni → Neo-Assyrian (615 BCE lib) → Hellenistic → Islamic · Halaf → Mitanni Hurrian → Middle & Neo-Assyrian → Islamic
Neo-Assyrian library tell — 400 tablets of Gilgamesh (615 BCE Huzirina).
🇸🇾 Syria · Ancient city
Early Bronze to Old Assyrian · Akkadian → Amorite Assyrian
Akkadian provincial capital turned Assyrian royal city Shubat-Enlil (Shamshi-Adad I c.1813–1791 BCE), with 90 ha walled city, Akkadian palace on Acropolis, and the Weiss 4.2ka climate event…
🇬🇹 Guatemala · Pyramid
Maya Preclassic to Late Classic, c.150 BCE–900 CE · Maya (Mirador Basin)
Pyramid La Perdida (Lost Pyramid, Structure XII) at Naachtun (c.150 BCE–900 CE, massive 130-ha city between Tikal and Mirador).
🇮🇶 Iraq · Pyramid
Jemdet Nasr to Old Babylonian / Neo-Babylonian, c.3100–580 BCE · Sumerian → Akkadian → Babylonian
Twin tells of Kish — Ingharra (Temple Mound) and Uhaimir (Palace Mound) with ziggurats. Tell Uhaimir ziggurat (Ekišiba, Temple of Zababa) 30 × 40 m base, 13 m extant mudbrick massif with plano-convex…
🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
St Johns I–II 1000 BCE–1500 CE · St Johns (Mayaou Timucua)
Shell-midden island famous for 6 m buried wooden owl totem (600 CE) and snail-shell ridges.
🇳🇴 Norway · Earthwork
Classical Antiquity (800 BCE–500 CE) · Medieval
Inuit Permafrost Dwelling South in Finnmark, Norway is a Classical Antiquity (800 BCE–500 CE) earthwork attributed to Medieval culture.
🇧🇷 Brazil · Earthwork
Late Neolithic (4000–3000 BCE) · Local Neolithic
Chavín de Huántar Plaza South in Amazonas, Brazil is a Late Neolithic (4000–3000 BCE) earthwork attributed to Local Neolithic culture.
🇮🇶 Iraq · Earthwork
Iron Age (1200 BCE–500 CE) · Local Neolithic
Kukulkan El Castillo Annex in Southern Alluvium, Iraq is a Iron Age (1200 BCE–500 CE) earthwork attributed to Local Neolithic culture.
🇸🇩 Sudan · Earthwork
Early Bronze Age (3000–2000 BCE) · Classical
Djenné-Djeno Mound Extension in Bayuda Desert, Sudan is a Early Bronze Age (3000–2000 BCE) earthwork attributed to Classical culture.
