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CategoriesSubmerged sites
Harbours, towns and monuments now beneath the sea or a lake.
🇺🇦 Ukraine · Submerged site
Archaic to Late Antiquity (580 BCE – 400 CE) · Milesian Greek / Bosporan
Northern drowned vineyard-harbour of Nymphaion — rock-cut quay and vine trenches 1.8–3.2 m in Geroevka Bay.
🇷🇺 Russia · Submerged site
Archaic to Byzantine (6th c. BCE – 600 CE) · Toretae / Milesian Greek / Bosporan
Southern harbour of Toricos — rubble mole and galley slipway at 2–4 m off Gelendzhik Tonkiy Cape.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Submerged site
Hellenistic to Ottoman (300 BCE – 1923 CE) · Persian / Ionian Greek / Pontic / Roman / Genoese
Persian princess city 300 BCE — double bays Büyük and Küçük Liman divided by islet with 90 m mole at −2 m.
🇷🇺 Russia · Submerged site
Archaic to Late Antique (580 BCE – 300 CE) · Milesian Greek / Bosporan / Sarmatian
Eastern necropolis terrace of Kepoi in Taman Gulf east — 90 cist graves at –2 m and 60 m wall.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Buried city
Archaic to Late Antique (10th c. BCE – 15th c. CE) · Carian / Lycian / Greek / Roman / Byzantine
Carian border port now 8 km inland — 10th c. BCE harbour silted by Dalyan delta and Iztuzu spit after 200 BCE, with intact mooring rings and theatre.
🇺🇦 Ukraine · Submerged site
Archaic to Late Antique (6th c. BCE – 300 CE) · Milesian / Bosporan Greek
Entire Greek city Akra 3–4 m under Kerch Strait off Naberezhne — harbour mole 120 m at –3 m and street grid 200×150 m at –3.5 m.
🇪🇸 Spain · Submerged site
Archaic to Late Roman (575 BCE – 500 CE) · Phocaean Greek / Indiketan / Roman
Phocaean double harbour – Greek quay at –0.5 m off Neapolis and silted Riells basin, L'Escala.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Submerged site
Ptolemaic to Late Roman (275 BCE – 250 CE) · Ptolemaic / Roman Egyptian
Northern mangrove roadstead of Myos Hormos at Marsa Nakari — timber jetty stumps at –1.5 m behind mangroves.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Submerged site
Ptolemaic to Late Roman (275 BCE – 550 CE) · Ptolemaic / Roman Egyptian
Southern Foul Bay lagoon of Berenike behind Ras Benas — gypsum quay at –1.5 m and elephant ramp.
🇷🇺 Russia · Submerged site
Archaic to Late Antique (580 BCE – 300 CE) · Milesian / Bosporan
Southern spit harbour of Porthmion on Chushka South — 55 m piled quay at –1.8 m and guard mole.
🇮🇹 Italy · Submerged site
Archaic to Roman (c. 540 BCE – 400 CE) · Phocaean Greek / Lucanian / Roman
Phocaean silted harbour now 1 km inland – buried ashlar mole and ship-sheds under 3 m alluvium at Ascea.
🇷🇺 Russia · Submerged site
Archaic to Late Antique (550 BCE – 260 CE) · Sindian / Bosporan Kingdom
Central city harbour of Gorgippia in Anapa Bay — 110 m quay at –2 m and salting vats.
🇲🇷 Mauritania · Submerged site
Pseudoarchaeology (2018–present) · Pseudoarchaeology (Richat extension)
Second Richat Semsiyat dome pseudo-harbour at 400 m asl – sandstone dome fracture south of main eye.
🇦🇷 Argentina · Submerged site
Bronze Age to Classical (2000 BCE–300 CE) · Bronze Age–Classical
Villa Epecuen Submerged Street Grid West in Buenos Aires, Villa Epecuén, Argentina is a Bronze Age to Classical (2000 BCE–300 CE) submerged city attributed to Bronze Age–Classical.
🇮🇱 Israel · Submerged site
Pre-Pottery Neolithic C (7000-6000 BCE) · PPN Culture
Atlitz Yam Submerged Courtyard North Wall — Western Terrace in Haifa District, Atlit, Israel is a Pre-Pottery Neolithic C (7000-6000 BCE) submerged city attributed to PPN Culture.
🇮🇱 Israel · Submerged site
Pre-Pottery Neolithic C (7000-6000 BCE) · PPN Culture
Atlitz Yam Submerged Courtyard North Wall — Northern Annex in Haifa District, Atlit, Israel is a Pre-Pottery Neolithic C (7000-6000 BCE) submerged city attributed to PPN Culture.
🇪🇸 Spain · Submerged site
Bronze Age to Classical (2000 BCE–300 CE) · Bronze Age–Classical
Baelo Claudia Submerged Fish-Salting Factory 4 in Andalusia, Baelo Claudia, Spain is a Bronze Age to Classical (2000 BCE–300 CE) submerged city attributed to Bronze Age–Classical.
🇷🇺 Russia · Submerged site
Classical to Medieval (5th c. BCE – 1200 CE) · Toretae / Bosporan / Genoese
Northern roadstead of Toricos — reef anchorage at 6–9 m with 15 moorings and amphora scatter in Gelendzhik north bay.
🇮🇱 Israel · Submerged site
Middle Bronze to Ottoman (c. 2000 BCE – 1917 CE) · Canaanite / Phoenician / Hellenistic / Roman / Crusader / Ottoman
Crusader capital's double harbour – Hellenistic mole 100 m at –3 m and Tower of Flies islet mole submerged.
🇮🇹 Italy · Submerged site
Phoenician to Classical (c. 800–397 BCE) · Phoenician / Carthaginian
Phoenician lagoon island with 1 km submerged causeway at –0.5 m and cothon harbour, Stagnone.
🇹🇳 Tunisia · Submerged site
Numidian to Genoese (c. 400 BCE – 1542 CE) · Numidian / Carthaginian / Roman / Genoese
Numidian marble-shipping double harbour – causeway at –0.5 m and Roman quay at –1 m off Tabarka island.
🇷🇺 Russia · Submerged site
Classical to Late Antique (5th c. BCE – 370 CE) · Bosporan Greek
Chushka Spit ferry harbour of Porthmion at Kerch Strait — 100 m rubble causeway at –2 m with wheel ruts and customs quay 60 m.
🇱🇾 Libya · Submerged site
Bronze Age to Classical (2000 BCE–300 CE) · Bronze Age–Classical
Apollonia Libya Submerged Theatre Harbour in Cyrenaica, Apollonia, Libya is a Bronze Age to Classical (2000 BCE–300 CE) submerged city attributed to Bronze Age–Classical.
🇱🇾 Libya · Submerged site
Bronze Age to Classical (2000 BCE–300 CE) · Bronze Age–Classical
Berenice Euesperides Submerged Lagoon Quay in Cyrenaica, Berenice, Libya is a Bronze Age to Classical (2000 BCE–300 CE) submerged city attributed to Bronze Age–Classical.
