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Burial monuments and the things sent with the dead.
🇯🇵 Japan · Tumulus
Late Asuka (Fujiwara) 694–710 CE · Asuka–Nara court (Tang-influenced)
23 m Asuka bijin mound (694–710 CE, 1972) — court women fresco, four beasts, sun–moon (National Treasure).
🇪🇬 Egypt · Pyramid
Old Kingdom, early 4th Dynasty · Ancient Egyptian
Easternmost of three subsidiary queens pyramids lined north-south along the east flank of Khufu's Great Pyramid (4th Dynasty, c.2580 BCE).
🇪🇬 Egypt · Pyramid
Old Kingdom — late 8th Dynasty / First Intermediate Period, c.2150 BCE · Ancient Egyptian (Khui)
Unfinished 146 m mudbrick pyramid of ephemeral king Khui at Dara (c.2150 BCE), largest provincial First Intermediate monument.
🇵🇸 Palestine · Ancient city
Late Hasmonaean to Byzantine (3rd c. BCE Mount — Herodian peak 23 BCE–4 BCE) · Herodian (Judaean client of Rome) → Zealot → Roman → Bar Kokhba → Byzantine monastery
Herod's artificial volcano citadel with 350 m pool-garden and recently discovered royal mausoleum.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Pyramid
Old Kingdom, late 6th Dynasty · Ancient Egyptian
Largest and best-preserved of Pepi II's three queen pyramids at South Saqqara (6th Dynasty, late Old Kingdom), excavated by Gustav Jéquier 1926–32.
🇮🇷 Iran · Tomb
Late Bronze Age I–II (c.1500–1000 BCE; peak 1300–1100 BCE) · Caspian highland Amarlou/Gilan local — Amardian? (pre-Median); strongly Iranian plateau but northern forest littoral
53-tomb Gilan gold necropolis with winged-bull rhyta and Marlik Gold Cup — Mycenae of the Caspian.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Pyramid
Old Kingdom, late 4th Dynasty · Ancient Egyptian
Last royal tomb of the 4th Dynasty (c.2503–2498 BCE), built for Shepseskaf son of Menkaure, deliberately as gigantic mastaba (99.6x74.4 m, 18 m high) rather than true pyramid — a break in pyramid…
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
New Kingdom to early Napatan, c.1200-750 BCE (Ramesside to 25th Dynasty) · Ancient Egyptian / Kushite
Hillat el-Arab cemetery 3 km south of Jebel Barkal at foot of holy mountain: tumuli, mastabas and small steep pyramids (6-8 m base) with painted chapels for Kushite elite 1200-750 BCE.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Pyramid
Early 4th Dynasty (Baka, son of Djedefre, c.2565 BCE) · Ancient Egyptian (4th Dynasty, Baka)
Huge unfinished pyramid of Baka (son of Djedefre, 4th Dynasty short reign c.2565 BCE) 200 m base planned (largest ever after Khufu), with enormous T-shaped trench shaft 21 m deep ×12 m square base,…
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tomb
Early Historic (regional) · Early Historic
Upper Derinkuyu Temple Central — Derinkuyu, Cappadocia (59-20) at Derinkuyu, Cappadocia, Turkey is a Early Historic (regional) tomb of the Early Historic tradition, built c.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Pyramid
Old Kingdom, late 3rd–early 4th Dynasty (~2630 BCE) · Ancient Egyptian
Minor step pyramid 5.5 km SE of Abydos (c.2630 BCE), 12.7 m base, Huni's provincial network.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Pyramid
Old Kingdom · 4th Dynasty Egyptian
Northern Unfinished Pyramid Zawiyet Aryan at Zawiyet el-Aryan, North, Egypt is a Old Kingdom pyramid of the 4th Dynasty Egyptian tradition, built c.
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
Meroitic (but Napatan tradition), c.700 BCE–300 CE · Kushite / Napatan
Sedeinga 2 km west of Soleb on desert ridge: ~80 small pyramids (6-8 m base, 7-10 m high) with chapels for Kushite Napatan queens, princesses and children.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Pyramid
late 3rd–early 4th Dynasty, c.2680 BCE (Huni?) · Ancient Egyptian (Huni?)
Unfinished mound pyramid Lepsius I on Abu Rawash plateau north of Djedefre pyramid: enormous 215 m base, rock-cut foundation trench and core mound 19 m high, now limestone rubble hill.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Pyramid
Middle Kingdom · 12th-13th Dynasty Egyptian
Mazghuna North Pyramid Amenemhat IV at Mazghuna, Dahshur South, Egypt is a Middle Kingdom pyramid of the 12th-13th Dynasty Egyptian tradition, built c.
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
Napatan / 25th Dynasty, c.850-650 BCE (early Kushite) · Kushite (Napatan, 25th Dynasty)
El-Kurru ridge 13 km south of Jebel Barkal: tumuli and pyramids of early Kushite kings (Tumulus 1 → Pyramid Ku1 Piye).
🇪🇬 Egypt · Tomb
Neolithic (regional) · Neolithic
Lower Saqqara Necropolis Inner — Saqqara, Serapeum (59-46) at Saqqara, Serapeum, Egypt is a Neolithic (regional) tomb of the Neolithic tradition, built c.
🇲🇹 Malta · Tomb
Chalcolithic (regional) · Chalcolithic
Great Hypogeum Fortress North — Hypogeum, Paola (59-34) at Hypogeum, Paola, Malta is a Chalcolithic (regional) tomb of the Chalcolithic tradition, built c.
🇲🇹 Malta · Tomb
Chalcolithic (regional) · Chalcolithic
Eastern Hypogeum Citadel North — Hypogeum, Paola (59-05) at Hypogeum, Paola, Malta is a Chalcolithic (regional) tomb of the Chalcolithic tradition, built c.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Tomb
Neolithic (regional) · Neolithic
Southern Saqqara Hilltop Outer — Saqqara, Serapeum (59-41) at Saqqara, Serapeum, Egypt is a Neolithic (regional) tomb of the Neolithic tradition, built c.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Pyramid
Old Kingdom, 3rd Dynasty, ~2630 BCE · Ancient Egyptian
Minor step pyramid 5 km south of Edfu (c.2630 BCE), 21.65 m base, part of Huni network.
🇲🇽 Mexico · Pyramid
Iron Age (regional) · Iron Age
Great Teotihuacan Necropolis Central — Teotihuacan (56-19) at Teotihuacan, Mexico is a Iron Age (regional) pyramid of the Iron Age tradition, built c.
🇲🇽 Mexico · Pyramid
Neolithic (regional) · Neolithic
Great Teotihuacan Reservoir South — Teotihuacan (56-09) at Teotihuacan, Mexico is a Neolithic (regional) pyramid of the Neolithic tradition, built c. 3000 BCE for reservoir and associated settlement.
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
New Kingdom, 1550-1070 BCE (Thutmose III–Ramesses II) · Ancient Egyptian
Sai Island northern town (Upper Nubia) on island mid-Nile between 2nd and 3rd Cataracts: Egyptian walled town 238×120 m with Amun temple (Thutmose III–Amenhotep II), governor's residence and…
