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739 places in the atlas, 104 of them inscribed as UNESCO World Heritage.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Temple complex
New Kingdom · Egyptian (Seti I)
Abydos Osireion (paired detail) in Sohag, Egypt is a New Kingdom temple complex attributed to Egyptian (Seti I) culture.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Fortress
Second Intermediate to Saite (c. 1800–525 BCE; Hyksos–Ramesside fortress) · Hyksos / New Kingdom Egyptian (Ramesside)
Wadi Tumilat gate fortress claimed as biblical Pithom/Succoth, with Hyksos glacis and Ramesside Tjeku fortress of Seti I (Pr-Atum). Excavated by Naville, Petrie and Polish mission...
🇪🇬 Egypt · Ancient city
Predynastic to Roman · Egyptian / Roman
Caravan terminus of Wadi Hammamat road to Red Sea moving gold, bekhen-stone and incense. Temple of Min–Isis (Elkab-scale).
🇪🇬 Egypt · Submerged site
Old to Middle Kingdom (2700–1700 BCE) · Old Kingdom Egyptian (Memphite)
Southern Pharaonic harbour of Ayn Sukhna — gallery caves and mole at 0.5–2.5 m in Gulf of Suez south bay.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Buried city
Middle Kingdom to Coptic (2000 BCE – 600 CE) · Middle Kingdom Egyptian / Graeco-Roman
Central Nile harbour terrace of Akoris — rock-cut quay 40 m and basin at Tihna cliff foot buried 3–5 m.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Pyramid
Second Intermediate Period (Abydos Dynasty) · Ancient Egyptian (Abydos polity)
Abydos Dynasty pyramid-tomb of Senebkay discovered 2014 — tiny South Abydos pyramid c.1650 BCE with quartzite sarcophagus and Book of the Dead, proving lost Abydos kingdom.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Submerged site
Old Kingdom (2650–2200 BCE) · Old Kingdom Egyptian
Southern Pharaonic harbour of Ayn Sukhna — 75 m jetty at –1.5 m and 10 gallery caves with Khufu jars.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Buried city
Roman to Byzantine (130 CE – 650 CE) · Roman / Hadrianic
Northern Nile bay of Hadrian's Antinoopolis — 120 m quay at +0.5 m and tetrastyle gate.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Buried city
Ptolemaic to Early Islamic (300 BCE – 800 CE) · Ptolemaic / Roman / Byzantine
Western wine harbour of Marea on Lake Mareotis — 90 m quay at –1.2 m and 120 m basin.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Submerged site
Old Kingdom (2700–2180 BCE) with Middle Kingdom reuse · Old Kingdom Egyptian
Northern reef anchorage of Ayn Sukhna — reef channel and ramp at 2–5 m below Galala cliffs north bay.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Hydraulic works
Early Old Kingdom (Djoser–Sneferu) · Old Kingdom Egyptians (Memphite)
World's oldest dam (2650 BCE)—110-m Old Kingdom embankment diverting Wadi Garawi floods.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Buried city
Predynastic to Late Antique (3200 BCE – 600 CE) · Egyptian / Ptolemaic / Roman
Fayum canal capital — Bahr Yussef harbour 300x100 m now desert sebkha 3 km from shrunken Lake Moeris (40,000 papyri).
🇪🇬 Egypt · Pyramid
Old Kingdom (5th Dynasty) · Ancient Egyptian
Queen's pyramid of Khentkaus II (wife of Neferirkare, mother of Neferefre and Nyuserre), completed under Nyuserre with its own papyri archive.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Submerged site
Ptolemaic to Late Roman (275 BCE – 250 CE) · Ptolemaic / Roman Egyptian
Northern mangrove roadstead of Myos Hormos at Marsa Nakari — timber jetty stumps at –1.5 m behind mangroves.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Pyramid
Late Middle Kingdom (13th Dynasty) · Ancient Egyptian
Unfinished Southern South Saqqara pyramid 100 m south of Khendjer — late 13th-Dynasty 52–60 m mudbrick trench c.1730 BCE, abandoned without burial chamber.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Buried city
Ptolemaic to Late Roman (285 BCE – 370 CE) · Ptolemaic / Greco-Roman Fayum
East Fayum Hippodamian city Philadelphia 1–2 m buried at Kom el-Kharaba — double agora 80×60 m at –1 m and grid 400 insulae.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Submerged site
Bronze Age to Classical (2000 BCE–300 CE) · Bronze Age–Classical
Antirhodos Island Submerged Palace of Cleopatra in Alexandria, Eastern Harbour, Egypt is a Bronze Age to Classical (2000 BCE–300 CE) submerged city attributed to Bronze Age–Classical.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Buried city
Ptolemaic to Coptic (300 BCE – 500 CE) · Graeco-Roman Egyptian
Northern quarry valley of Akoris — slipway and wadi canal buried 2–4 m for 3-ton block export north.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Buried city
Ptolemaic to Late Roman (305 BCE – 350 CE) · Greco-Roman Fayum
North-central Fayum grain port Euhemeria 1–2 m buried at Qasr el-Banat — double Harpocrates temple at –1 m and harbour basin 100×80 m.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Ancient village
Chalcolithic (3800-3100 BCE) · Naqada II-III
Hierakonpolis Locality HK6 Elite Cemetery Terrace — Northern Annex in Aswan, Kom Ombo, Egypt is a Chalcolithic (3800-3100 BCE) ancient village attributed to Naqada II-III.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Buried city
Ptolemaic to Late Roman (270 BCE – 300 CE) · Greco-Roman Fayum
Central Fayum vineyard port Bakchias 1–2 m buried at Kom el-Atl — Soknobkonneus temple at –1 m and wine press.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Hydraulic works
British colonial (Anglo-Egyptian) · Anglo-Egyptian, French engineers
1902 610-m gravity masonry 180-sluice Low Dam north spur 6 km above High Dam, world's largest masonry then.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Submerged site
Bronze Age to Hellenistic (1570 – 300 BCE) · Hyksos / New Kingdom Egyptian / Late Period
15th c. BCE Thutmose III naval arsenal town on Canopic delta sandbar — quay now –1.5 to –3 m under Idku lagoon fish farms.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Ancient city
Ptolemaic to Late Roman (3rd c BCE–5th c CE; peak 1st–3rd c CE) · Ptolemaic Egyptian / Roman
Ptolemaic–Roman grain city Karanis with 85 ha mudbrick and papyri archive.
