🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Kolomoki Mounds Historic Park
Swift Creek–Weeden Island 350–750 CE · Swift Creek – Weeden Island
Woodland Mound A 17 m, Swift Creek 350–750 CE.
🇺🇿 Uzbekistan · Ancient city
Akhsikath
Ferghana medieval (300 BCE–1600 CE) · Ferghana to Samanid to Karakhanid
Akhsikath was Ferghana's medieval capital (9th–12th c) — 30-ha citadel + shahristan with 7-m walls, Syr Darya port and glass workshops, destroyed 1219 Mongol.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Gordion
EB to Medieval (c.3000 BCE–1200 CE; peak Phrygia 900–600 BCE) · Hittite → Phrygian (Midas) → Persian → Galatian → Roman
Gordion is the Phrygian capital (Yassıhöyük) — Midas's city (Midas Mound tumulus 53 m), terraced citadel with Phrygian Gate (Ashlar), and 100-tumulus necropolis...
🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Angel Mounds State Historic Site
Mississippian 1000–1450 CE · Mississippian (Angel phase)
42 ha Mississippian walled town 1000–1450 CE.
🇵🇪 Peru · Ancient city
Aspero — Norte Chico Bay City and Middens
Norte Chico Preceramic (3700–2500 BCE coastal capital 15 mounds 3700–2500) · Norte Chico coastal sibling to Caral (Aspero has 6 mounds associated shell middens)
Aspero Feldman 1980 3700 BCE mounds with shicra.
🇲🇽 Mexico · Ancient city
Teopantecuanitlán — Balsas Olmec Center
Early–Middle Formative (1500–500 BCE) · Olmec (Guerrero Olmec)
Teopantecuanitlán — Balsas Olmec Center in Guerrero, Mexico is a Early–Middle Formative (1500–500 BCE) ancient-city attributed to Olmec (Guerrero Olmec).
🇮🇱 Israel · Tell
Tel Batash
MB to Iron Age (c.2000–600 BCE; peak Philistine Timnah c.1200–600) · Canaanite → Philistine (Timnah) → Judah
Tel Batash is biblical Timnah in Sorek Valley — Samson's Timnah (Judges 14) and Philistine border town between Ekron and Gezer. Mazar/Kelm 1977–89 revealed MB g...
🇲🇷 Mauritania · Ancient city
Awdaghust — Ghana-Berbér Caravan Town Telegraph
Ghana Empire satellite (800–1350 CE peak Awdaghust near Al Bakri) · Sanhaja Berber → Ghana Empire → Almoravid
Tegdaoust excavated by Robert & Mauny 1960–70, Ghana southern frontier caravan town 800–1350.
🇪🇸 Spain · Ancient city
La Bastida de Totana — Argaric Fortified City
El Argar Bronze Age (2200–1550 BCE) · El Argar
Totana hill city excavated by Lull & Micó since 2009, type-site of Argaric urbanism, with fortified acropolis and extramural cemeteries.
🇸🇩 Sudan · Ancient city
Sesebi — Amenhotep IV Aten Town Sudanese Akhetaten
Amarna (Amenhotep IV/Akhenaten c.1365 BCE) New Kingdom Egyptian colony · Egyptian Amarna (Aten) colonial
Sesebi excavated by Fairman 1938, Aten talatat predecessor to Amarna 1365 BCE.
🇯🇴 Jordan · Fortress
Macheros — Herod and John the Baptist Citadel
Hasmonean (90 BCE) rebuilt Herod 30 BCE; Baptist tradition 29 CE · Hasmonean / Nabataean / Herodian
Mukawir excavated by Piccirillo & Virgilio, baptistery cistern and Josephus Ant.18.119 locale.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city
Patara — Harbour Assembly Hall and Lighthouse
Lycian League (168 BCE) to Roman (64 BCE+) · Lycian → Roman
Gelemiş harbour city excavated by Işık & Koçak, oldest lighthouse (Nero 64 CE), League inscription hall, sand-buried harbour.
🇸🇻 El Salvador · Ancient city
Tazumal & Joya de Cerén (paired)
Preclassic to Classic · Maya
Tazumal & Joya de Cerén (paired) in Santa Ana Department, El Salvador is a Preclassic to Classic ancient city attributed to Maya culture. Inscribed UNESCO World Heritage Site (ID 675).
🇲🇽 Mexico · Ancient city
La Ventilla Compound — Teotihuacan
Classic (350–550 CE) · Teotihuacan
La Ventilla Compound — Teotihuacan in Mexico State, Mexico is a Classic (350–550 CE) ancient-city attributed to Teotihuacan. Lapidary workshop compound with mica and obsidian debitage, 20 patios.
🇬🇷 Greece · Ancient city
Delos (Island of the Gods)
Cycladic to Hellenistic · Cycladic/Greek
Delos (Island of the Gods) in Cyclades, Greece is a Cycladic to Hellenistic ancient city attributed to Cycladic/Greek culture. Inscribed UNESCO World Heritage Site (ID 530).
🇱🇰 Sri Lanka · Ancient city
Panduwasnuwara
Polonnaruwa Period (1153–1215 CE) · Sinhalese medieval (Polonnaruwa period)
Panduwasnuwara is a 12th-century Sinhalese medieval capital (Parakramabahu I), a 20-ha moated rectangular city (900×500 m) with brick rampart and the Panduwasnuwara Vatadage circular relic house (8-m…
🇮🇳 India · Ancient city
Banawali — Harappan Barracks Site Haryana
Pre-Harappan to Late Harappan (2800–1500 BCE) · Harappan
Banawali excavated by Bisht 1973–, with barracks and seal of unicorn.
🇨🇱 Chile · Ancient village
Monte Verde
Late Pleistocene 14,800–13,000 BP (MV-II 14,800 BP; MV-I earlier claim 33,000 BP contested) · Late Paleoindian (pre-Clovis; Monte Verde culture, Austral–Magellanic hunter-gatherers)
Earliest securely dated settlement in Americas (14,800–14,500 BP) – late Pleistocene campsite on paleo-channel terrace in southern Chile with preserved tent floors (3 structures 30 m² total,…
🇱🇻 Latvia · Ancient city
Turaida Castle and Livonian Settlement
Middle Ages (1214–16th c. with Iron Age hillfort substratum 5th–12th c.) · Livonian Brothers of Sword / Archbishop of Riga, Livs
Turaida Castle and Livonian Settlement in Vidzeme, Sigulda Municipality, Turaida (formerly Treiden), Latvia is a Middle Ages (1214–16th c.
🇩🇰 Denmark · Ancient city
Sorte Muld
Roman Iron Age → Vendel–Viking 200–1100 (Bornholm central place) · Bornholm Iron Age (Burgundians? Bornholm island central place, guldgubbar sanctuary)
Sorte Muld (Black Soil) — Iron Age central-place and sanctuary (Late Roman 200–400 → Viking Age 400–1100, peak Vendel 600–800) on Bornholm plateau 2 km south Svaneke, eastern Bornholm's richest site.
🇪🇹 Ethiopia · Ancient city
Fasil Ghebbi — Royal Enclosure of Gondar
Gondarine (1632–1864 CE) · Ethiopian Solomonic / Gondarine
Fasil Ghebbi is the 70,000 m² Royal Enclosure of Gondar, Ethiopia's 17th–18th c imperial capital (1632–1864).
🇲🇹 Malta · Ancient city
Royal Hypogeum Ridge B — Hypogeum, Paola (59-07)
Neolithic (regional) · Neolithic
Royal Hypogeum Ridge B — Hypogeum, Paola (59-07) at Hypogeum, Paola, Malta is a Neolithic (regional) ancient city of the Neolithic tradition, built c. 1200 BCE for ridge and associated settlement.
🇮🇱 Israel · Ancient city
Khirbet Qeiyafa Shaaraim
Iron Age IIA · Judahite / Early Israel
Khirbet Qeiyafa Shaaraim at Judean Lowlands, Israel is a Iron Age IIA ancient city of the Judahite / Early Israel tradition, built c. 1020 BCE for two-gated casemate city shaaraim.
🇰🇷 South Korea · Ancient city
Buyeo Naseong
Baekje Sabi Period (538–660 CE; UNESCO) · Baekje (King Seong to Uija)
Buyeo Naseong is Baekje's Sabi capital outer wall (538–660 CE, UNESCO) — 8.5-km earthen and stone wall (6 m high) enclosing 3.2 km² with Busosan Fortress and Neungsan-ri tombs.