🇲🇦 Morocco · Ancient city
Sijilmassa
Early Islamic to Medieval (757–1393 CE; peak 10th–14th c CE) · Berber Miknasa / Islamic / Maliki
Gold-mint entrepôt Sijilmassa on Trans-Saharan Ghana road south of Rissani.
🇨🇳 China · Rock art
Yinshan Central Dahekou Ridge Rock Art
Late Bronze to Turkic Early Medieval · Northern Ordos, Xiongnu, Xianbei
Central ridge above Dahekou gorge bridging Yinshan naturalism and Helan mask styles.
🇨🇱 Chile · Geoglyph
Geoglifos de Pintados
Late Formative to Late Intermediate (700–1500 CE) · Atacameño, Tarapacá and Altiplano caravan cultures
400 Atacama caravan geoglyphs (700–1500 CE) etched in desert varnish above the Tamarugal pampa.
🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia · Hydraulic works
Sadd al-Khanaq Dam – Hijaz (Khaibar Oasis northern dam)
Late Pre-Islamic to Early Islamic · Nabataean–Himyarite to Umayyad
110-m two-phase dam (320 BCE–750 CE) on Wadi al-Khanaq — Khaibar oasis northern reservoir.
🇱🇾 Libya · Ancient city
Cyrene
Archaic Greek to Byzantine (631 BCE–643 CE) · Greek / Hellenistic / Roman / Byzantine
100-ha Theran Greek metropolis with Apollo and Zeus sanctuaries, agora and 1000+ sarcophagus tombs.
🇺🇸 United States · Earthwork
Marietta Earthworks
Middle Woodland Hopewell (100 BCE–500 CE) · Hopewell (Marietta phase)
Hopewell ceremonial complex (100 BCE–500 CE) at confluence of Muskingum and Ohio Rivers, originally three enclosures: Capitolium Square (150×110 m terraced platform and graded way), Quadranaou double…
🇯🇵 Japan · Tumulus
Kitora Tumulus Nara
Kofun Late 7th–early 8th c CE (Asuka) · Asuka late Kofun court — shijin astronomical Daoist
Kitora Tumulus Nara — 7th–8th c CE late Kofun painted tomb (zenpo-koen remnant 13.8×9.8 m) on Abuyama hill at Asuka, Nara basin, National Treasure since 1983.
🇹🇳 Tunisia · Ancient city
Zama Regia
Numidian to Late Antique (4th c BCE-7th c CE; peak 2nd c BCE-3rd c CE) · Numidian / Roman
Royal city Zama Regia.
🇸🇪 Sweden · Ancient city
Uppåkra
Scandinavian Iron Age 100 BCE–1000 CE (Roman → Viking) · South Scandinavian Iron Age (Scania central place; proto-Danish)
Uppåkra — South Scandinavian Iron Age central place (c.100 BCE–1000 CE, 40 ha, 1,000-year continuity) 5 km south Lund, Scania's pre-urban precursor.
🇹🇩 Chad · Rock art
Ennedi Plateau & Niola Doa Rock Art
Neolithic to Islamic (6000 BCE–16th c CE) · Saharan herders (Bovid, Horse, Camel groups)
600-km Saharan massif with Niola Doa 200-m cattle-horse frieze and 3,000 images 6th millennium–16th c.
🇻🇳 Vietnam · Ancient village
Phùng Nguyên Culture Site
Phùng Nguyên (2000–1500) → Đồng Đậu (1500–1200) → Đông Sơn (800 BCE+) · Phùng Nguyên (Late Neolithic–Bronze, Austroasiatic Vietic)
Late Neolithic–Bronze Age type-site for Phùng Nguyên culture (c.2000–1500 BCE) in Phú Thọ on the Red River plain — 2 ha settlement with 5 m deposit, excavated 1968 by Hà Văn Tấn.
🇻🇳 Vietnam · Ancient city
Gò Tháp (Óc Eo–Funan Center)
Funan 2nd–6th c CE → Chenla 6th–9th c → Khmer 9th–12th c · Funan Óc Eo (Mekong Delta) → Chenla → Khmer
Gò Tháp — Funan (Óc Eo culture) port-city centre (2nd–12th c CE) 25 km north Cao Lanh, Thap Muoi Mekong floodplain, excavated 1998–2010s Le Xuan Diem and DAA.
🇯🇵 Japan · Tumulus
Fujinoki Tumulus
Kofun Late 500–600 CE (Yamato Kinmei) · Yamato Late Kofun with Silla–Sassanian imports
Largest unlooted Late Kofun mound (560–590 CE) at Fujinoki west Horyu-ji — 48 m gilt-crown and Sassanian glass in stone corridor.
🇨🇳 China · Rock art
Yinshan West Wulashan Rock Art
Bronze Age to Early Medieval · Ordos, Xiongnu, Xianbei, Turkic (Yinshan frontier)
West mesa of Wulashan with naturalistic tiger and chariot rut petroglyphs.
🇯🇵 Japan · Megalith
Oshoro
Jomon Mid–Late 2500–1800 BCE (Hokkaido) · Jomon Hokkaido (Oshima–Shakotan)
Hokkaido Jomon stone circle (2500–1800 BCE) at Oshoro Otaru — 30 m with 47 boulders and Fusen rock art above Oshoro Bay.
🇦🇫 Afghanistan · Temple complex
Tepe Narenj (Narenj Hill)
Hephthalite 5–6 c. → Turk Shahi 7–8 c. · Late Gandhara–Hephthalite Buddhist (Kabul school stucco)
Kabul 5–6 c. Buddhist monastery on Narenj Hill above Qol lake — stucco king-bodhisattva and 5 stupas, Turk Shahi Buddhism.
🇯🇵 Japan · Temple complex
Asukadera (Hōkō-ji)
Asuka 593–710 CE (Suiko–Jomei) · Asuka Buddhist (Baekje immigrant artisan school → Japanese)
Asukadera (Hōkō-ji) — first full Buddhist temple in Japan (596 CE) at Asuka, founded by Soga no Umako with immigrant Baekje artisans (Koreans) per Nihon Shoki.
🇲🇽 Mexico · Ancient city
El Tajín
Early Classic to Epiclassic 600–1200 CE (apogee 800–1150, Veracruz Central tradition) · Classic Veracruz / Totonac (Gulf Coast, central Veracruz cultural tradition)
Classic Veracruz capital (600–1200 CE) famed for Pyramid of the Niches (365 niches – one per solar day – 18 m high with 365 + 7 step symbolism, seven-storey enclave temple), 17 ballcourts (most of…
🇮🇳 India · Ancient village
Atranjikhera
OCP 1200 → PGW 1100–600 → NBPW 600–300 BCE · Upper Gangetic OCP → PGW → NBPW (Gangetic Iron Age)
Atranjikhera — PGW–NBPW stratigraphic type-site (1200 BCE–300 BCE) on Kali Nadi near Etah, excavated 1962–69 by R.C. Gaur (AMU).
🇹🇲 Turkmenistan · Ancient city
Konye-Urgench (Kunya-Urgench)
Achaemenid 5th c BCE → Khwarezmshahs 11th–13th c CE → Golden Horde · Khwarezmian → Seljuk → Khwarezmshahs → Mongol
Konye-Urgench — capital of Khwarezm (Achaemenid–Golden Horde, 5th c BCE–17th c CE) 35 km south Uzbekistan border, excavated 1930s Tolstov and 1990s Berlin.
🇯🇴 Jordan · Archaeological wonder
Maitland North Mesa Kites (Northern Qasr Usaykhim Plain)
Late Neolithic to Chalcolithic · Badia Chalcolithic with Azraq Jawa interaction
Maitland north plain: 6 small family-size kites on Azraq gravel plain 6 km north of mesa.
🇺🇿 Uzbekistan · Ancient city
Varakhsha
Sogdian–Hephthalite 4th–8th c CE (Bukhara Khudats) · Sogdian Bukhara (Zeravshan oasis) → Early Islamic
Varakhsha — palace-city of Bukhara Khudats (4th–8th c CE) 40 km west Bukhara, excavated 1937–58 Shishkin and Tolstov.
🇺🇿 Uzbekistan · Archaeological wonder
Ulugbek Observatory
Timurid 1420–1449 · Timurid / Islamic Golden Age science
Timurid astronomical observatory (1420–1429) built by Muhammad Taragay Ulugbek, grandson of Timur, housing 40 m radius sextant embedded in 30 m hill-rock and 11 m underground to measure solar…
🇯🇵 Japan · Ancient village
Odai Yamamoto I Site
Incipient Jomon (15000–10000 BCE) → Initial Jomon (10000–6000 BCE) · Incipient–Initial Jomon (Tsugaru)
Initial Jomon (Incipient) settlement (c.15000–13000 BCE) at Sotogahama, Tsugaru Peninsula — 0.7 ha terrace with earliest pottery in Japan (Odai Yamamoto I pottery, 16500 cal BP via AMS), ground…