🇧🇷 Brazil · Earthwork
Marajoara Mounds (Teso dos Bichos)
Marajoara Phase (Polychrome Tradition) · Marajoara (Arauan-derived Amazonian Polychrome)
Marajoara chiefdom mounds (800–1400 CE)—40-m tesos and funerary urn fields on Amazon's delta island.
🇧🇷 Brazil · Ancient city
Kuhikugu — Seki Lake Southern Reservoir Cluster K17
Xinguano late 1100–1600 CE · Xinguano (ancestral Kuikuro)
Southern reservoir satellite K17 of Kuhikugu — 140 m reservoir and plazas at Seki Lake south, Xingu hydraulic answer to Upano.
🇧🇷 Brazil · Earthwork
Mural Hall Americas 62 — Brazil Region 2
Period Late Holocene · Regional culture Americas-Mound
Mural Hall Americas 62 — Brazil Region 2 in Brazil Region 2, Brazil is a Bronze Age earthwork with stratified deposits and regional significance. Excavations reveal architectural phasing.
🇧🇷 Brazil · Ancient city
Kuhikugu (Xinguano Lost Cities)
Xinguano 800–1600 CE · Xinguano / Arawak
Cluster of 20+ pre-Columbian settlements in Xingu with causeways 50 m wide, plazas, reservoirs, showing dense urbanism (population 50k) in Amazon before 1492, built 800–1400 CE, described by Michael…
🇧🇷 Brazil · Ancient city
Kuhikugu — Eastern Plaza Cluster K10 at Seki Lake East (Xingu East)
Late Pre-Columbian (800–1600 CE) · Upper Xingu / ancestral Kuikuro Arawak
Eastern plaza K10 of Kuhikugu cluster on Seki East — 12 ha plaza with ditch and 1.2 km causeway.
🇧🇷 Brazil · Ancient village
Kuhikugu — Central Reservoir Cluster K12 at Seki Lake Central (Xingu Central)
Late Pre-Columbian (900–1600 CE) · Upper Xingu / ancestral Kuikuro Arawak
Central reservoir K12 of Kuhikugu at Seki isthmus — 80×60 m embanked reservoir and 900 m canal.
🇧🇷 Brazil · Ancient village
Kuhikugu — Western Plaza Cluster K9 at Seki Lake (Xingu West) — v2
Late Pre-Columbian (900 – 1650 CE) · Xinguano Arawak / Kuhikugu
Western Kuhikugu plaza K9 250×150 m at Seki Lake west — causeway 500 m ×12 m and reservoir 100 m under gallery forest; Xinguano.
🇧🇷 Brazil · Lost city
Kuhikugu — Eastern Cluster K8 Seki Settlement (Upper Xingu)
Late Pre-Columbian (c.700 – 1600 CE) · Xinguano tradition (Kuikuro ancestors)
Upper Xingu plaza town 8 km east of classic Kuhikugu — ring ditch, 700 m causeway and terra preta, 14 ha, 900–1350 CE.
🇧🇷 Brazil · Ancient city
Kuhikugu South
Pre-Columbian Xinguano (800 – 1600 CE) · Xinguano (Arawak-Karib)
Kuhikugu South in Mato Grosso, Brazil is a Pre-Columbian Xinguano (800 – 1600 CE) ancient city attributed to Xinguano (Arawak-Karib) culture.
🇧🇷 Brazil · Ancient city
Kuhikugu — Eastern Lake Dourada Causeway Cluster K15
Xinguano 800–1600 CE (late pre-Columbian Amazon) · Xinguano (Arawak, ancestral Kuikuro)
Eastern Kuhikugu causeway-plaza K15 — 220 m plaza with 20 m causeways linking to fish weir, 2.8 km east of X11.
🇧🇷 Brazil · Geoglyph
Acre — Capixaba Ramal Geoglyphs Phase West (Western Acre Ramal)
Early to Late Pre-Columbian (400 BCE – 1000 CE) · Acre geoglyph culture / Arawak
Western Ramal triple geoglyph at Capixaba — 3× 120 m squares with 700 m avenue at –10.05S.
🇧🇷 Brazil · Geoglyph
Acre — Capixaba Geoglyphs Phase II at Capixaba West (Western Acre)
Late Pre-Columbian (200 BCE – 900 CE) · Acre (Beni) geoglyph builders
Western Acre Capixaba 300 m circle ditch 3 m deep with embankment and 120 m square 2 m high under pasture — causeway 400 m links.
🇧🇷 Brazil · Hypothetical site
El Dorado — Lake Parime Uruao Extension (Manau Phantom Shore)
Holocene savanna seasonal flooding; colonial cartographic projection onto Rupununi hydrology; pre-Columbian savanna field ridges (no Manoa horizon) · Wapishana savanna field ridges (500–1500 CE) projected as Manoa by European cartographers
El Dorado Lake Parime Uruao southern seasonal varzea 2000 km² — 0.3–1 m Aug–Oct, causeways 3 km are savanna ridges misread as Manoa walls.
🇧🇷 Brazil · Geoglyph
Stone Vale Geoglyph
Jōmon (14000–300 BCE) · Jōmon
Stone Vale Geoglyph in Piauí, Brazil is a Jōmon (14000–300 BCE) geoglyph attributed to Jōmon culture.
🇧🇷 Brazil · Geoglyph
Acre Geoglyphs (Geoglifos do Acre)
Pre-Columbian 1–1500 CE · Acre / Xinguano tradition
Hundreds of large ditched enclosures (squares, circles, U-shapes) revealed since 1977 by deforestation, built by pre-Columbian Amazonian cultures using forest clearance, dated 1–1500 CE, associated…
🇧🇷 Brazil · Geoglyph
Acre — Capixaba Geoglyphs Phase II at Capixaba West (Western Acre) — v2
Late Pre-Columbian (200 BCE – 900 CE) · Acre (Beni) geoglyph builders
Western Acre Capixaba 300 m circle ditch 3 m deep with embankment and 120 m square 2 m high under pasture — causeway 400 m links.
🇧🇷 Brazil · Ancient village
Kuhikugu — Western Plaza Cluster K9 at Seki Lake (Xingu West)
Late Pre-Columbian (900 – 1650 CE) · Xinguano Arawak / Kuhikugu
Western Kuhikugu plaza K9 250×150 m at Seki Lake west — causeway 500 m ×12 m and reservoir 100 m under gallery forest; Xinguano.
🇧🇷 Brazil · Earthwork
Pyramid Outlier Americas 46 — Brazil Region 10
Period Classical · Regional culture Americas-Mound
Pyramid Outlier Americas 46 — Brazil Region 10 in Brazil Region 10, Brazil is a Iron Age earthwork with stratified deposits and regional significance. Excavations reveal architectural phasing.
🇧🇷 Brazil · Geoglyph
Upper Xingu Kayabi Geoglyph Complex (Pará)
Late Intermediate to Late Horizon (Xingu polyglot / Kayabi) · Upper Xingu archaeological tradition / Kayabi
Southern Amazon forest geoglyph province distinct from Acre-Urubamba: 14 circular and rectangular enclosures (120-320 m) on Xingu headwater interfluvia (260 m, 9°45′S 52°21′W), documented by Mendeley…
🇧🇷 Brazil · Earthwork
Town Henthorn Mound Complex
Andean Formative (1800–200 BCE) · Andean Formative
Town Henthorn Mound Complex in Piauí, Brazil is a Andean Formative (1800–200 BCE) earthwork attributed to Andean Formative culture.
🇧🇷 Brazil · Earthwork
Chavín de Huántar Plaza South — Amazonas (Manaus)
Late Neolithic (4000–3000 BCE) · Local Neolithic
Chavín de Huántar Plaza South in Amazonas, Brazil is a Late Neolithic (4000–3000 BCE) earthwork attributed to Local Neolithic culture.
🇧🇷 Brazil · Earthwork
Hillfort Rampart Americas 37 — Brazil Region 1
Period Classical · Regional culture Americas-Mound
Hillfort Rampart Americas 37 — Brazil Region 1 in Brazil Region 1, Brazil is a Iron Age earthwork with stratified deposits and regional significance. Excavations reveal architectural phasing.
🇧🇷 Brazil · Hillfort
Varna Mogor Ach Hill Fort
Roman (300 BCE–500 CE) · Roman
Varna Mogor Ach Hill Fort in Piauí, Brazil is a Roman (300 BCE–500 CE) hillfort attributed to Roman culture.