🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Tülintepe
Halaf to Middle Ages (c.5800 BCE–1200 CE; Halaf-Ubaid transition type) · Halaf → Ubaid → Uruk → Early Bronze → Medieval
Altınova Halaf-Ubaid type mound (5800 BCE) 1 km from Norşuntepe, now under Keban Lake.
🇸🇩 Sudan · Pyramid
Jebel Barkal Pyramid Bar.2 (King Amaninatakilebte)
Napatan, c.538–519 BCE · Kushite Napatan
Pyramid Bar.2 at Jebel Barkal north cemetery for King Amaninatakilebte (c.538–519 BCE, Napatan 27th Dynasty contemporaneous with Persian Egypt).
🇲🇽 Mexico · Ancient city
Paquimé-Casas Grandes Annex — House of the Macaws
Paquimé Phase (1200–1400 CE) Medio period · Casas Grandes (Paquimé) Mogollon
Chihuahua Paquimé excavated by Di Peso 1958–61, Medio period 1200–1400, macaw pens and cast turquoise.
🇩🇰 Denmark · Hillfort
Fyrkat Viking Ringfort
Viking Age (c.980 CE) · Danish Viking Age
Viking ringfort 120 m diameter near Hobro, North Jutland, contemporary with Trelleborg (Harald Bluetooth), with identical four-gate geometry and 16 houses plus a cemetery of 30 graves including wagon…
🇵🇰 Pakistan · Tell
Sotka Koh — Makran Harappan Estuary Fort
Mature Harappan (2600–1900 BCE) · Harappan coastal fort
Sotka Koh — Makran Harappan Estuary Fort in Balochistan, Pakistan is a Mature Harappan (2600–1900 BCE) tell attributed to Harappan coastal fort.
🇬🇷 Greece · Cave
Cave of Pan at Vari
Classical to Roman (400 BCE–100 CE) · Athenian
Cave of Pan at Vari in Attica, Greece is a Classical to Roman (400 BCE–100 CE) cave attributed to Athenian.
🇲🇽 Mexico · Ancient village
Oztoyahualco Compound — Teotihuacan
Epiclassic (550–650 CE) · Teotihuacan late / Coyotlatelco
Oztoyahualco Compound — Teotihuacan in Mexico State, Mexico is a Epiclassic (550–650 CE) ancient-village attributed to Teotihuacan late / Coyotlatelco.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Pyramid
Step Pyramid of Djoser
Old Kingdom, 3rd Dynasty · Ancient Egyptian
Oldest large stone structure in Egypt: architect Imhotep's six-step pyramid for Djoser, 3rd Dynasty, evolving from mastaba. Inside complex with Heb-Sed court and serdab.
🇮🇳 India · Rock-cut
Mandapeshwar Cave — Borivali
Gupta–Kalachuri (530 CE) · Shaivite Hindu (Brahmanical)
Mandapeshwar Cave — Borivali in Maharashtra, India is a Gupta–Kalachuri (530 CE) rock_cut attributed to Shaivite Hindu (Brahmanical).
🇨🇾 Cyprus · Submerged site
Mazotos Wreck — 4th Century Greek Wine Carrier Cyprus-Egypt Line
Classical (c. 385 BCE Chian amphora cargo) · Classical Greek Chian wine merchant 385 BCE
Mazotos excavated by Demesticha Southampton, Chian cargo 385 BCE.
🇱🇰 Sri Lanka · Archaeological wonder
Sigiriya (Lion Rock)
Moriyan Anuradhapura · Sinhala
5th-century rock fortress-palace of Kassapa I atop 180 m column, frescoed Mirror Wall, Lion Gate, with summit palace, hydraulic gardens and moat. Short-lived capital 477–495 CE.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Cave
Öküzini Cave
Upper Palaeolithic to Early Neolithic (c.21,000–6000 BCE; intensive 17,000–11,800 cal BP) · Anatolian Epipalaeolithic → Early Neolithic
Epipalaeolithic flagship 900 m from Karain (17–11.8 ka) with engraved plaquettes and marine network.
🇺🇸 United States · Ancient village
Mimbres — Galaz Ruin Mimbres Classic Pueblo
Mimbreños Classic (1000–1150 CE) Mimbres Black-on-white pottery · Mogollon Mimbres (Mogollon)
Mimbres excavated by Cosgrove 1920s, 800 Mimbres bowls with fish, human scenes.
🇮🇳 India · Rock-cut
Ranigumpha — Khandagiri Rear Cave Cluster
Mauryan to Gupta (200 BCE–500 CE) · Jain (Kharavela)
Ranigumpha — Khandagiri Rear Cave Cluster in Odisha, India is a Mauryan to Gupta (200 BCE–500 CE) rock_cut attributed to Jain (Kharavela).
🇹🇲 Turkmenistan · Tell
Togolok 1
BMAC Bronze Age (c.2400–1600 BCE; Togolok phase 2200–1800) · BMAC (Togolok temple of Gonur)
Togolok 1 is the BMAC temple-fort satellite of Gonur — 140-m square enclosure with corner towers, central bastioned cult fortress and fire ritual basin. Sariani...
🇸🇾 Syria · Tell
Tell Qarqur — Amuq-Stratified Bronze Tell Orontes
Early Bronze to Iron (3000–500 BCE) · Northwest Syrian (Ebla-Mari-Amuq)
Orontes survey and Dornemann 1983–99 deep sounding revealing 5000 years without hiatus to Early Bronze.
🇲🇽 Mexico · Ancient village
Tlajinga Workshops — Teotihuacan South
Classic to Epiclassic (300–650 CE) · Teotihuacan
Tlajinga Workshops — Teotihuacan South in Mexico State, Mexico is a Classic to Epiclassic (300–650 CE) ancient-village attributed to Teotihuacan.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city
Xanthos — Nereid Monument Terrace
Archaic Lycian (550–500 BCE) to Byzantine · Lycian (Xanthian dynasts) → Persian
Kınık Lycia excavated by Demargne 1950–, Harpy Tomb reliefs (British Museum) and bilingual Lycian-Greek stele.
🇬🇷 Greece · Rock shelter
Asprochaliko Rock Shelter
Middle to Upper Palaeolithic · Mousterian / Gravettian
Large limestone rock shelter in the Louros River valley, Epirus, excavated by Higgs (1964) revealing Mousterian to Upper Palaeolithic layers spanning 100,000–26,000 years BP.
🇬🇷 Greece · Fortress
Phyle Fortress — Parnes Foothills
Classical (404 BCE) · Athenian
Phyle Fortress — Parnes Foothills in Attica, Greece is a Classical (404 BCE) fortress attributed to Athenian.
🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Ancient village
Skara Brae Boundary Wall Extension — Bay of Skaill Middens
Late Neolithic (3180–2500 BCE) · Grooved Ware Orkney
Skara extension excavated by Clarke 1928–30 and recent erosion exposures, middens with pottery, bone tools and dyke wall.
🇲🇽 Mexico · Pyramid
La Quemada — Zacatecas Hill Fortress Ciudadela
Classic (500–900 CE Chalchihuites) · Chalchihuites (Epiclassic)
La Quemada excavated by Weigand 1970s, Tropic border fortress guarding turquoise road north.
🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Megalith
Standing Stones of Stenness
Late Neolithic · Grooved Ware Orcadian
Four surviving uprights of oval henge circle originally 12 stones up to 5.7 m tall on promontory between lochs. One of earliest henges in Britain (c.3100 BCE).
🇬🇧 United Kingdom · Megalith
St Lythans Burial Chamber
Early Neolithic · Severn-Cotswold
Portal dolmen near Cardiff with 35-tonne capstone on three orthostats, remnant of Severn-Cotswold long cairn.