🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Koçboyu Höyük
Late Chalcolithic – Early Bronze (4000–3000 BCE) · Elazığ–Murat Chalcolithic
Late Chalcolithic – Early Bronze (4000–3000 BCE) tell of Elazığ–Murat Chalcolithic in Elazığ Province, Keban Reservoir (c.4000 BCE).
🇦🇲 Armenia · Rock art
Areni-1 North Chamber — Taper Cave Wine Annex
Chalcolithic (Late Copper Age) · Transcaucasian Chalcolithic (Areni, Sioni, Maikop-related)
North annex of Areni-1 cave with second Chalcolithic winery vat and oldest leather shoe stratum, 4300 BCE.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Rock shelter
Beldibi Rock Shelter
Epipalaeolithic (14000–9000 BCE) · Epipalaeolithic
Epipalaeolithic (14000–9000 BCE) rock-shelter of Epipalaeolithic in Antalya Province, Kemer (c.14000 BCE).
🇸🇾 Syria · Tell
Tell Gudeda (Tell Gudedah)
Ninevite 5 (3200–3000 BCE) · Ninevite 5 (Uruk–ED)
Ninevite 5 (3200–3000 BCE) tell of Ninevite 5 (Uruk–ED) in Al-Hasakah Governorate, Khabur Triangle (c.3200 BCE).
🇸🇾 Syria · Tell
Tell Ahmar (Til Barsip) — Euphrates Palace Terrace
Early Bronze through Iron Age (EBA, Mitanni, Neo-Hittite, Neo-Assyrian) · Hurrian-Mitanni → Neo-Hittite Aramaean → Assyrian province
Tell Ahmar (Til Barsip) — Euphrates Palace Terrace is a multi-period tell/ancient village in Aleppo Governorate, Euphrates River, Jarabulus District, east bank, Syria — Neo-Hittite/Aramaean royal…
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Koçumbeli
Early Bronze II (2700–2300 BCE) · Central Anatolian Early Bronze
Early Bronze II (2700–2300 BCE) tell of Central Anatolian Early Bronze in Ankara Province, Ankara Plain (c.2700 BCE).
🇮🇷 Iran · Hydraulic works
Qanat of Gonabad (Qasabeh Qanat)
Iron Age to Sassanian (Achaemenid to late antiquity) · Persian (Achaemenid–Sassanian) hydraulicians
Oldest functioning qanat 33 km, 360-m mother well, Achaemenid c.700 BCE, 150 L/s Persian Qanat UNESCO.
🇯🇴 Jordan · Tell
Dhiban (Dibon, Tell Dhiban)
Bronze Age – Islamic (3000 BCE–1400 CE) · Moabite
Bronze Age – Islamic (3000 BCE–1400 CE) tell of Moabite in Madaba Governorate, Mujib Plateau (c.3000 BCE).
🇮🇷 Iran · Tell
Shah Tepe
Neolithic to Sasanian (5000 BCE–600 CE) · Gorgan Bronze–Iron
Neolithic to Sasanian (5000 BCE–600 CE) tell of Gorgan Bronze–Iron in Golestan Province, Gorgan Plain (c.5000 BCE).
🇹🇷 Turkey · Hydraulic works
Valens Aqueduct (Bozdoğan Kemeri) — Istanbul
Late Roman to Ottoman (4th–19th c. CE) · East Roman (Byzantine) Constantinople
Valens 971-m double-tier bridge head of 426-km Thracian late Roman water network 373 CE.
🇮🇳 India · Hydraulic works
Kallanai North Channel — Grand Anicut Kaveri North Branch
Classical Sangam to Colonial · Early Chola, British colonial (Cotton)
Chola Karikalan 2nd CE north Kollidam regulators with 12 vents and 1804 Cotton arches, oldest working dam distributary.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Buried city
Andriake – Silk Road Harbour of Myra, Lycia
Classical to Byzantine (400 BCE – 800 CE) · Lycian / Greek / Roman / Jewish / Christian
Myra's sea-gate where St Paul changed ships — Hadrian Plakoma granary beside 350 m basin now 2.5 km inland from delta silt.
🇸🇾 Syria · Tell
Tell Fekheriye (Guzana / Sikani) — Bilingual Statue Terrace
Middle Bronze through Neo-Assyrian (2000–600 BCE) · Hurrian Mitanni → Aramaean Guzana → Neo-Assyrian
Tell Fekheriye (Guzana / Sikani) — Bilingual Statue Terrace is a multi-period tell/ancient village in Hasakah Governorate, Khabur source, Ras al-Ain District, Syria — Aramaean city-state Guzana…
🇨🇳 China · Rock-cut
Yungang Grottoes — Western Caves Extension (Caves 26–40)
Northern Dynasties (Northern Wei late) · Tuoba Wei (Xianbei) Buddhist with Han artisan school
UNESCO Yungang western 15-cave zone 494–525 with central-pillar and collapsed colossus.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Buried city
Soknopaiou Nesos – Lake Moeris Island Harbour, Dime
Ptolemaic to Late Roman (305 BCE – 400 CE) · Egyptian / Greek / Ptolemaic / Roman
Fayum island harbour — Soknopaios crocodile temple dromos 400 m to lake harbour 200x100 m now 2 km from receded Birket Qarun.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Buried city
Kaunos – Silted Harbour of the Carian Port, Dalyan
Archaic to Late Antique (10th c. BCE – 15th c. CE) · Carian / Lycian / Greek / Roman / Byzantine
Carian border port now 8 km inland — 10th c. BCE harbour silted by Dalyan delta and Iztuzu spit after 200 BCE, with intact mooring rings and theatre.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Tepecik Höyük (Çiftlik / Melendiz Plain)
Aceramic Neolithic through Early Bronze (7000–2700 BCE) · Cappadocian Aceramic → Early Chalcolithic → Late Chalcolithic (Melendiz)
Tepecik Höyük (Çiftlik / Melendiz Plain) is a multi-period tell/ancient village in Niğde Province, Çiftlik District, Melendiz plain, Cappadocia, Turkey — Cappadocian Neolithic obsidian-processing…
🇴🇲 Oman · Hydraulic works
Aflaj al-Ain Nizwa Branch — Daudi Falaj Highland Channel
Sasanian to Islamic · Omani, Sasanian Persian, Ibadi
Nizwa Daudi mother well 30 m with 8-km tunnel and shari'a sharing basin, UNESCO aflaj highland branch.
🇾🇪 Yemen · Hydraulic works
Sadd el-Arim Secondary Dam — Marib North Spillway
South Arabian (Sabaean to Himyaritic) · Sabaean Saba and Himyarite
Marib north secondary 750-m earthen with Almaqah sluice temple 50 musnad inscriptions, Sabaean 750 BCE spillway.
🇵🇪 Peru · Ancient city
Cahuachi (Ica – Nazca Province)
Early Intermediate 400 BCE–450 CE (Paracas–Proto-Nazca to Early Nazca, peak 100 BCE–450 CE) · Nazca (Nasca, south coast)
Capital and pilgrimage center of Nazca culture (400 BCE–500 CE) – 24 km² desert metropolis with 34+ pyramidal adobe mounds (Great Pyramid 22 m high, 100×150 m base; Orange Pyramid), plazas (Great…
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient village
Gobekli Tepe Karahan Quarry Outlier — Southern Extension
Pre-Pottery Neolithic (9600-8800 BCE) · Pre-Pottery Neolithic
Gobekli Tepe Karahan Quarry Outlier — Southern Extension in Southeastern Anatolia, Sanliurfa, Turkey is a Pre-Pottery Neolithic (9600-8800 BCE) ancient village attributed to Pre-Pottery Neolithic.
🇨🇳 China · Rock-cut
Matisi Grottoes — Southern Sunan Secondary Cliff
Sixteen Kingdoms to Tang (Northern Liang 420 peak) · Hexi Corridor mixed Han–Tibetan Buddhist (Juqu Mengxun lineage)
Mati Si southern 12-cave cliff 420 CE Thousand-Buddha with hoof-print legend and hanging plankway.
🇮🇷 Iran · Hydraulic works
Band-e Darreh South Extension Dam (Birjand Darreh South Gravity Dam)
Khwarazmian Late Islamic 1210 CE (Birjand) · Khwarazmian South Khorasan Birjand oasis
South Darreh arch-gravity 42 m × 18.2 m 8 m radius: conjunctive wadi+qanat 28,000 m³ south branch with cistern 8 m.
🇸🇾 Syria · Tell
Tell Beydar (Nabada) — Eastern Palace Sector
Early Dynastic III through Mitanni (2900–1300 BCE) · Early Dynastic (Nabada) → Akkadian → Ur III → Old Babylonian → Mitanni
Tell Beydar (Nabada) — Eastern Palace Sector is a multi-period tell/ancient village in Hasakah Governorate, Khabur headwaters, Darbasiyah plain, Syria — Early Dynastic city-state Nabada — eastern…