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🇯🇵 Japan · Ancient city
Iron Age (regional) · Iron Age
Upper Nara Ridge South — Nara, Asuka (54-12) at Nara, Asuka, Japan is a Iron Age (regional) ancient city of the Iron Age tradition, built c. 200 CE for ridge and associated settlement.
🇻🇳 Vietnam · Submerged site
Bronze Age to Classical (2000 BCE–500 CE) · Bronze–Iron Age maritime
Binh Chau — Shipwreck North Scatter (Vietnam) in Bà Rịa-Vũng Tàu, Binh Chau, Vietnam is a Bronze Age to Classical (2000 BCE–500 CE) submerged city attribut…
🇨🇳 China · Earthwork
Bronze Age (regional) · Bronze Age
Great Xi an Platform Outer — Xi an (56-10) at Xi an, China is a Bronze Age (regional) earthwork of the Bronze Age tradition, built c. 1200 BCE for platform and associated settlement.
🇬🇹 Guatemala · Pyramid
Maya Preclassic to Late Classic · Maya (Kanul? Witzná polity)
Holmul Witzná (800 BCE–900 CE): Preclassic 20 m Great Pyramid with Classic triadic frieze Building N (8 m stucco masks, feathered serpent) — longest stratified Maya sequence.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Earthwork
Chalcolithic (regional) · Chalcolithic
Royal Hattusa Mound II — Hattusa (60-26) at Hattusa, Turkey is a Chalcolithic (regional) contested of the Chalcolithic tradition, built c. 200 CE for mound and associated settlement.
🇸🇩 Sudan · Rock art
Iron Age (regional) · Iron Age
Southern Bayuda Sanctuary East — Bayuda (57-38) at Bayuda, Sudan is a Iron Age (regional) rock art of the Iron Age tradition, built c. 200 CE for sanctuary and associated settlement.
🇹🇳 Tunisia · Ancient city
Numidian to Byzantine (3rd c. BCE–7th c. CE; peak 2nd–5th c. CE) · Numidian / Roman / Byzantine
Belalis Maior (Henchir el-Faouar) dominates a platform 8 km northeast of Béja, a fertile Tell city excavated by Mahjoubi since 1960. Revealed: monumental capitol (peripteral), Byzantine citadel 6th c.
🇬🇹 Guatemala · Pyramid
Maya Classic · Maya Waka' kingdom (Calakmul ally)
Maya royal city Waka' (El Perú) above San Juan River: 18 m Stela Plaza north pyramid, tomb of Lady K'abel (Stela 34) Kalakmul queen, 250–900 CE.
🇩🇪 Germany · Megalith
Early Iron Age (Hallstatt La Tène A) · Early Celtic (Hallstatt/Latenian) — Glauberg horizon
Early Celtic princely oppidum with 350 m avenue, statue-menhir of leaf-crowned warrior and 50 m gold-burial mound, c.450 BCE.
🇮🇹 Italy · Submerged site
Medieval (regional) · Medieval
Inner Baiae Citadel Outer — Baiae (58-32) at Baiae, Italy is a Medieval (regional) submerged city of the Medieval tradition, built c. 3000 BCE for citadel and associated settlement.
🇮🇹 Italy · Submerged site
Medieval (regional) · Medieval
Royal Baiae Terrace Outer — Baiae (58-08) at Baiae, Italy is a Medieval (regional) submerged city of the Medieval tradition, built c. 2500 BCE for terrace and associated settlement.
🇬🇷 Greece · Earthwork
Bronze Age (regional) · Bronze Age
Royal Delphi Fortress B — Delphi (60-42) at Delphi, Greece is a Bronze Age (regional) contested of the Bronze Age tradition, built c. 800 BCE for fortress and associated settlement.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Tell
Chalcolithic through Byzantine; Hittite–Syro-Hittite peak · Cilician EBA → Hittite Empire (Kizzuwatna/Que) → Syro-Hittite Que
Cilician bend tell with Hittite imperial rock relief of Muwatalli II opposite mound — Chalcolithic to Syro-Hittite harbour town on Ceyhan.
🇮🇱 Israel · Submerged site
Bronze Age to Classical (2000 BCE–500 CE) · Bronze–Iron Age maritime
Yavne-Yam — Harbour North Anchorage (Ashdod, Israel) in Central, Yavne-Yam, Israel is a Bronze Age to Classical (2000 BCE–500 CE) submerged city attributed…
🇹🇷 Turkey · Ancient city
Urartian Kingdom late 8th century BCE · Urartian (Biainili)
Twin-ridge Urartian palatial city of Sarduri II with Haldi temple and 5 km Urartian canal.
🇧🇴 Bolivia · Ancient city
Medieval (regional) · Medieval
Great Potosí Ridge South — Potosí (55-33) at Potosí, Bolivia is a Medieval (regional) ancient city of the Medieval tradition, built c. 2500 BCE for ridge and associated settlement.
🇨🇳 China · Earthwork
Classical (regional) · Classical
Great Xi an Hilltop Central — Xi an (56-41) at Xi an, China is a Classical (regional) earthwork of the Classical tradition, built c. 3000 BCE for hilltop and associated settlement.
🇵🇪 Peru · Geoglyph
Chalcolithic (regional) · Chalcolithic
New Cuzco Sanctuary A — Cuzco (55-17) at Cuzco, Peru is a Chalcolithic (regional) geoglyph of the Chalcolithic tradition, built c. 1800 BCE for sanctuary and associated settlement.
🇧🇴 Bolivia · Ancient city
Neolithic (regional) · Neolithic
Old Potosí Hilltop B — Potosí (55-10) at Potosí, Bolivia is a Neolithic (regional) ancient city of the Neolithic tradition, built c. 1200 BCE for hilltop and associated settlement.
🇨🇳 China · Earthwork
Iron Age (regional) · Iron Age
Outer Xi an Platform Central — Xi an (56-42) at Xi an, China is a Iron Age (regional) earthwork of the Iron Age tradition, built c. 3000 BCE for platform and associated settlement.
🇿🇦 South Africa · Cave
Middle Stone Age (100–70 ka ochre horizon, Still Bay 75 ka) · Homo sapiens Middle Stone Age (Still Bay/Howiesons Poort)
Blombos Cave is the 34 m-apse calcarenite sea-cliff shelter 300 km E of Cape Town where Christopher Henshilwood found 100,000–70,000 BP ochre workshop and earliest abstract engravings.
🇪🇬 Egypt · Submerged site
Bronze Age to Classical (2000 BCE–500 CE) · Bronze–Iron Age maritime
Canopus — East Harbour Ancillary Quay North (Abu Qir) in Alexandria, Abu Qir, Canopus, Egypt is a Bronze Age to Classical (2000 BCE–500 CE) submerged city …
🇮🇹 Italy · Submerged site
Iron Age (regional) · Iron Age
Old Baiae Platform Outer — Baiae (58-09) at Baiae, Italy is a Iron Age (regional) submerged city of the Iron Age tradition, built c. 200 CE for platform and associated settlement.
🇹🇷 Turkey · Temple complex
PPNB · Taş Tepeler
Yayvan Tepe Central Tek Tek at Şanlıurfa, Yayvan Tepe, Turkey is a PPNB temple complex of the Taş Tepeler tradition, built c. 8300 BCE for central stone hill plaster floors stair.
